Cloud condensation nuclei activity of internally mixed particle populations at a remote marine free troposphere site in the North Atlantic Ocean.

This study reports results from research conducted at the Observatory of Mount Pico (OMP), 2225 m above mean sea level on Pico Island in the Azores archipelago in June and July 2017. We investigated the chemical composition, mixing state, and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activities of long-range transported free tropospheric (FT) particles. FLEXible PARTicle Lagrangian particle dispersion model (FLEXPART) simulations reveal that most air masses that arrived at the OMP during the sampling period originated in North America and were highly aged (average plume age > 10 days).

Depressive Symptoms Assessed Near the End of Pregnancy Predict Differential Response to Postpartum Smoking Relapse Prevention Intervention.

Background: Depressive symptoms are prevalent during pregnancy and the postpartum period and affect risk for smoking relapse. Whether and how depression affects response to postpartum interventions designed to sustain smoking abstinence is unknown.

Purpose: We examined end-of-pregnancy depressive symptoms as a moderator of response to two postpartum-adapted smoking relapse prevention interventions.

Predictive utility of subtyping women smokers on depression, eating, and weight-related symptoms.

Objective: Smoking and overweight or obesity are preventable causes of disease and death. Women are reluctant to quit smoking because of concerns about postcessation weight gain, underscoring the need to elucidate patterns of weight concerns and associated psychosocial factors that may affect smoking cessation outcomes. The present study aimed to subtype women smokers based on psychosocial and behavioral factors associated with smoking and weight, and examine the utility of these subtypes to predict abstinence and postcessation weight gain.

Structured dietary intervention to facilitate weight loss after bariatric surgery: A randomized, controlled pilot study.

Objective: To evaluate the potential utility of a structured dietary intervention to assist bariatric surgery patients with weight management.

Methods: Participants who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery 1 year previously were randomly assigned to a structured dietary intervention incorporating portion-controlled foods (intervention, n = 20) or a comparison group (control, n = 20). Both groups received instruction in behavioral weight loss (one 60-min session) followed by four monthly coaching telephone calls.

Preventing Postpartum Smoking Relapse: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Most women who quit smoking during pregnancy will relapse postpartum. Previous efforts to prevent postpartum relapse have been unsuccessful at increasing rates of sustained abstinence.

Objective: To evaluate the relative efficacy of 2 different approaches to prevent postpartum smoking relapse.

Preoperative lifestyle intervention in bariatric surgery: a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Studies on the impact of presurgery weight loss and lifestyle preparation on outcomes following bariatric surgery are needed.

Objective: To evaluate whether a presurgery behavioral lifestyle intervention improves weight loss through a 24-month postsurgery period.

Setting: Bariatric Center of Excellence at a large, urban medical center.

Change in Body Weight Does Not Mediate the Relationship Between Exercise and Smoking Cessation Among Weight-Concerned Women Smokers.

Introduction: Exercise has received attention as a method to prevent or reduce postcessation weight gain. However, little is known about how weight changes following quit attempts contribute to the relationship between exercise and smoking cessation. The present study assessed how exercise relates to cessation and whether initial changes in exercise after quitting smoking promote cessation through attenuated weight gain.

Self-report of gastrointestinal side effects after bariatric surgery.

Background: Data on gastrointestinal (GI) side effects of bariatric surgery are limited because of incomplete reporting, cross-sectional samples, and nonstandardized assessments.

Objective: To report on GI side effects over the first 6 months after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB).

Setting: Academic medical center, United States.

Psychiatric disorders and gestational weight gain among women who quit smoking during pregnancy.

Objective: Pregnancy is a common time for women to quit using cigarettes and other substances. Such changes in substance use as well as other psychiatric and psychosocial changes during pregnancy can affect gestational weight gain (GWG). Thus, we evaluated the relationship between psychiatric disorders and GWG among pregnant women who had quit smoking.

Emotion acceptance behavior therapy for anorexia nervosa: a pilot study.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the preliminary effectiveness of Emotion Acceptance Behavior Therapy (EABT), an outpatient psychotherapeutic intervention for anorexia nervosa (AN) based on a disorder-specific model of symptom maintenance that emphasizes emotion avoidance. EABT combines standard behavioral interventions that are central to the clinical management of AN with evidence-supported strategies to increase emotion awareness, decrease emotion avoidance, and encourage resumption of valued activities and relationships outside the eating disorder.

Method: Twenty-four individuals aged ≥17 years with AN were treated using the EABT manual.

Prenatal smoking cessation intervention and gestational weight gain.

Background: Quitting smoking is often associated with weight gain and prenatal cessation may lead to increased gestational weight gain (GWG). Although previous reports have suggested a link between prenatal smoking cessation and GWG, no studies have examined the relationship between cessation and guideline-recommended GWG, and there is little information about the relationship between the timing of prenatal cessation and GWG. Thus, we examine GWG among women in a community prenatal smoking cessation program and assess the relationship between the timing of prenatal cessation GWG.

Strategies to Avoid Returning to Smoking (STARTS): a randomized controlled trial of postpartum smoking relapse prevention interventions.

The majority of women who quit smoking during pregnancy relapse postpartum and many experience increased depressive symptoms and concerns about body shape and weight. Given the relationship of weight concerns and negative mood to smoking relapse, interventions designed to address the postpartum experience are indicated. However, there are several challenges to research with postpartum women.

Preoperative lifestyle intervention in bariatric surgery: initial results from a randomized, controlled trial.

Objective: To document preoperative outcomes of a behavioral lifestyle intervention delivered to patients prior to bariatric surgery in comparison to treatment as usual (insurance-mandated physician supervised diet).

Design And Methods: After completing a baseline assessment, candidates for surgery were randomized to a 6-month, evidence-informed, manualized lifestyle intervention (LIFESTYLE, n = 121) or to preoperative care as usual (USUAL CARE, n = 119). At 6 months, 187 participants remained candidates for bariatric surgery and were included in the analyses.

Dietary intake after smoking cessation among weight-concerned women smokers.

Weight gain typically accompanies smoking cessation, and women smokers concerned about postcessation weight gain are prone to substantial gain. Little is known about the ways in which cessation affects dietary composition. Understanding postcessation changes in dietary composition may inform the design of smoking cessation interventions to address postcessation weight gain.

Relapse to smoking and postpartum weight retention among women who quit smoking during pregnancy.

Postpartum weight retention contributes to obesity risk in women. Given that most women who quit smoking as a result of pregnancy will resume smoking within 6 months postpartum and that there is a robust association between smoking and weight, we sought to evaluate postpartum weight retention as a function of postpartum smoking status among women who had quit smoking during pregnancy. Women (N = 183) with biochemically confirmed cigarette abstinence at the end of pregnancy were recruited between February 2003 and November 2006.

Optimizing long-term weight control after bariatric surgery: a pilot study.

Background: Although bariatric surgery is associated with significant overall weight loss, many patients experience suboptimal outcomes. Our objective was to document the preliminary efficacy of a behavioral intervention for bariatric surgery patients with relatively poor long-term weight loss and to explore the factors related to outcome at an academic medical center in the United States.

Methods: Patients with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m(2) who had undergone bariatric surgery ≥ 3 years before study entry and had <50% excess weight loss were enrolled.

Weight concerns, mood, and postpartum smoking relapse.

Background: The majority of women who quit smoking as a result of pregnancy will resume smoking during the first 6 months postpartum. Evidence suggests that changes in depressive symptoms, perceived stress, and concerns about weight may relate to postpartum smoking relapse.

Purpose: This study was designed to prospectively evaluate the relationship of mood and weight concerns to postpartum smoking among women who quit smoking during pregnancy.

Bupropion and cognitive behavioral therapy for weight-concerned women smokers.

Background: We previously documented that cognitive behavioral therapy for smoking-related weight concerns (CONCERNS) improves cessation rates. However, the efficacy of combining CONCERNS with cessation medication is unknown. We sought to determine if the combination of CONCERNS and bupropion therapy would enhance abstinence for weight-concerned women smokers.

Self-reported binge eating in severe pediatric obesity: impact on weight change in a randomized controlled trial of family-based treatment.

Objective: This study sought to document self-reported binge eating in a large sample of severely obese children and to examine the impact of binge eating on changes in percent overweight among children randomized to family-based behavioral treatment (intervention) versus control (usual care).

Participants And Methods: As part of a larger randomized controlled trial, 192 children aged 8-12 years (M=10.2, s.

Family-based treatment of severe pediatric obesity: randomized, controlled trial.

Objective: We evaluated the efficacy of family-based, behavioral weight control in the management of severe pediatric obesity.

Methods: Participants were 192 children 8.0 to 12.