A Systematic Review of the Efficacy and Toxicity of Brachytherapy Boost Combined with External Beam Radiotherapy for Nonmetastatic Prostate Cancer.

Context: The optimum use of brachytherapy (BT) combined with external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) for localised/locally advanced prostate cancer (PCa) remains uncertain.

Objective: To perform a systematic review to determine the benefits and harms of EBRT-BT.

Evidence Acquisition: Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, and EBM Reviews-Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases were systematically searched for studies published between January 1, 2000 and June 7, 2022, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement.

Protocol for the YORKSURe prospective multistage study testing the feasibility for early detection of bladder cancer in populations with high disease-specific mortality risk.

Introduction: Around 25% of patients with bladder cancer (BCa) present with invasive disease. Non-randomised studies of population-based screening have suggested reductions in BCa-specific mortality are possible through earlier detection. The low prevalence of lethal disease in the general population means screening is not cost-effective and there is no consensus on the best strategy.

Reporting Radical Cystectomy Outcomes Following Implementation of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Protocols: A Systematic Review and Individual Patient Data Meta-analysis.

Context: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) is a perioperative approach to managing surgical patients. The impact of ERAS on radical cystectomy (RC) outcomes remains understudied.

Objective: To review the literature regarding ERAS protocols and RC outcomes.

Epidemiology, aetiology and screening of bladder cancer.

Bladder cancer (BC) is a common, significant and expensive health condition. Understanding the risk factors for this disease is paramount to improving disease prevention and increasing public awareness. Historically BC has been a disease of industrialized regions and the most responsible carcinogens are tobacco smoke and occupational chemical exposure.

Epidemiology of Bladder Cancer: A Systematic Review and Contemporary Update of Risk Factors in 2018.

Context: Bladder cancer (BC) is a significant health problem, and understanding the risk factors for this disease could improve prevention and early detection.

Objective: To provide a systematic review and summary of novel developments in epidemiology and risk factors for BC.

Evidence Acquisition: A systematic review of original articles was performed by two pairs of reviewers (M.

Repeat Transurethral Resection in Non-muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer: A Systematic Review.

Context: Initial treatment for most bladder cancers (BCs) involves transurethral resection (TUR) or tumours. Often more cancer is found after the initial treatment in around half of patients, requiring a second resection. Repeat transurethral resection (reTUR) is recommended for high-risk, non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) to remove any residual disease and improve cancer outcomes.

Contemporary Occupational Carcinogen Exposure and Bladder Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Importance: Bladder cancer (BC) is a common disease. Despite manufacturing and legislative changes to workplace hygiene, many BCs still arise through occupational carcinogen exposure.

Objective: To profile contemporary risks of occupational BC.