Comparison of medical image interpretation time between conventional and automated methods of breast ultrasound.

Objective: To compare the medical image interpretation's time between the conventional and automated methods of breast ultrasound in patients with breast lesions. Secondarily, to evaluate the agreement between the two methods and interobservers.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with prospective data collection.

The Automation of Breast Ultrasonography and the Medical Time Dedicated to the Method.

In this integrative review, we aimed to describe the records of time devoted by physicians to breast ultrasound in a review of articles in the literature, in order to observe whether the automation of the method enabled a reduction in these values. We selected articles from the Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS) and MEDLINE databases, through Virtual Health Library (BVS), SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online), PubMed, and Scopus. We obtained 561 articles, and, after excluding duplicates and screening procedures, 9 were selected, whose main information related to the guiding question of the research was synthesized and analyzed.

Association of frailty with cognitive impairment and functional disability in older adults with affective disorders: a brief research report.

Introduction: The Clinical-Functional Vulnerability Index (IVCF-20) is a validated multidimensional instrument that has been used in Brazil to evaluate functional disability in frail older adults. The main aim of this study was to assess frailty using this novel screening tool. In addition, to investigate whether frailty was associated with cognitive impairment and functional disability in older adults with affective disorders.

Frailty and affective disorders throughout adult life: A 5-year follow-up of the Lifelines Cohort Study.

Background: Frailty is an important concept for risk stratification in clinical practice, but it is hardly acknowledged at all in mental healthcare settings. This paper aims to assess the impact of frailty on the course of depression and anxiety, and the impact of these affective disorders on the course of frailty.

Methods: Lifelines, a prospective population-based cohort study, evaluated 167,729 people living in the northern Netherlands.

The Frail Depressed Patient: A Narrative Review on Treatment Challenges.

Although the public importance of frailty is widely acknowledged by the World Health Organization, physical frailty is still largely neglected in geriatric mental health care. Firstly in this narrative review, we summarize the knowledge on the epidemiology of the association between depression and frailty, whereafter implications for treatment will be discussed. Even though frailty and depression have overlapping diagnostic criteria, epidemiological studies provide evidence for distinct constructs which are bidirectionally associated.

Decision-making executive function profile and performance in older adults with major depression: a case-control study.

Objectives: Decision making (DM) is a component of executive functioning, essential for choosing appropriate decisions. Executive dysfunctioning is particularly common in late-life depression, however the literature is scarce on DM. This case-control study aimed to evaluate the DM profile and performance in participants with and without unipolar major depression.

A 6-year prospective clinical cohort study on the bidirectional association between frailty and depressive disorder.

Introduction: Depressive disorder has been conceptualised as a condition of accelerated biological ageing. We operationalised a frailty index (FI) as marker for biological ageing aimed to explore the bidirectional, longitudinal association between frailty and either depressive symptoms or depressive disorder.

Methods: A cohort study with 6-year follow-up including 377 older (≥60 years) outpatients with a DSM-IV-defined depressive disorder and 132 never-depressed controls.

The concept of anorexia of aging in late life depression: A cross-sectional analysis of a cohort study.

Introduction: Anorexia of aging (AA) is classically associated with depression. However, robust evidence is lacking regarding general clinic populations. Our aim was to evaluate the association between AA and major depressive disorder (MDD) in geriatric outpatients from a middle-income country.

Depression as a determinant of frailty in late life.

Objectives: Accumulating evidence shows depression as a risk factor for frailty, but studies are mainly population-based and widely differ in their assessment of either depression or frailty. We investigated the association between depression and frailty among geriatric outpatients using different assessment instruments for both conditions.

Method: Among 315 geriatric outpatients (mean age 72.

Design and protocol of the multimorbidity and mental health cohort study in frailty and aging (MiMiCS-FRAIL): unraveling the clinical and molecular associations between frailty, somatic disease burden and late life depression.

Background: To explore the mutual relationship between multimorbidity, mental illness and frailty, we have set-up the Multimorbidity and Mental health Cohort Study in FRAILty and Aging (MiMiCS-FRAIL) cohort. At the population level, multimorbidity, frailty and late-life depression are associated with similar adverse outcomes (i.e.

Frailty in geriatric psychiatry inpatients: a retrospective cohort study.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the prevalence, clinical determinants, and consequences (falls and hospitalization) of frailty in older adults with mental illness.

Design: Retrospective clinical cohort study.

Setting: We collected the data in a specialized psychogeriatric ward, in Boston, USA, between July 2018 and June 2019.

Could Frailty be an Explanatory Factor of the Association between Depression and Other Geriatric Syndromes in Later Life?

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate whether frailty could be an explanatory factor of the association between depression and the number of geriatric syndromes.

Methods: Cross-sectional baseline data from a cohort study (MiMiCS-FRAIL) were analyzed in a sample of 315 older adults. Depression was measured according to DSM-5 criteria and a self-report questionnaire (PHQ-9).

Relationship between affective temperament and major depressive disorder in older adults: A case-control study.

Background: In clinical practice it is often challenging to determine whether mood disturbances should be considered a state or trait characteristics. This study is important to understand the influence of temperaments in the diagnosis of depression. The objective of the present study was to compare the frequency of three types of affective temperament (dysthymia, hyperthymia and cyclothymia) among older adults with major depression compared to non-psychiatric control patients.

Serotonin receptor inhibitor is associated with falls independent of frailty in older adults.

Objectives: To evaluate whether fall risk in older adults is associated with the use of selective serotonin receptor inhibitor (SSRI) monotherapy among geriatric outpatients, and whether this association is moderated by the presence of depressive disorder and/or frailty.

Methods: Prospective cohort study with a 12-month follow-up and including 811 community-dwelling adults aged 60 or older from a university-based Geriatric Outpatient Unit. Major depressive disorder (MDD) was diagnosed according to DSM-5 criteria; subsyndromal depression as not meeting MDD criteria, but a Geriatric Depression Scale 15-item score ≥ 6 points.

Subthreshold Depression Needs A Prime Time In Old Age Psychiatry? A Narrative Review Of Current Evidence.

This study aims to carry out a narrative review, aiming to update the literature on subsyndromic depression (SD), which is the most prevalent depressive disorder in older adults, and no formal guidelines or consensus are dedicated to this topic. We carried out an electronic search for articles on SD. Relevant articles were retrieved from Pubmed, EMBASE and Web of Science using the search terms "subthreshold depression," "prevalence," "treatment" and "older adults" in several combinations.

Decision-making profile in older adults: the influence of cognitive impairment, premorbid intelligence and depressive symptoms.

Objective: Decision-making (DM) is a component of executive functioning. DM is essential to make proper decisions regarding important life and health issues. DM can be impaired in cognitive disorders among older adults, but current literature is scarce.

Human placental GLUT1 glucose transporter expression and the fetal insulin-like growth factor axis in pregnancies complicated by diabetes.

We have previously described regulation of syncytial GLUT1 glucose transporters by IGF-I. Despite this, it is not clear what signal regulates transplacental glucose transport. In this report we asked whether changes in GLUT1 expression and glucose transport activity in diabetic pregnancies were associated with alterations in the fetal IGF axis.

Screening for Alzheimer's disease in low-educated or illiterate older adults in Brazil: a systematic review.

Introduction: Cognitive screening instruments are influenced by education and/or culture. In Brazil, as illiteracy and low education rates are high, it is necessary to identify the screening tools with the highest diagnostic accuracy for Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Objective: To identify the cognitive screening instruments applied in the Brazilian population with greater accuracy, to detect AD in individuals with a low educational level or who are illiterate.

Frailty as a Predictor of Cognitive Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Current evidence in the literature supports associations between frailty, cognitive impairment, and dementia. The study aim was to describe the risk of cognitive disorders associated with physical frailty in older adults from community-based studies. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis, using MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science as databases for the search.

Decision Making assessed by the Iowa Gambling Task and Major Depressive Disorder A systematic review.

Unlabelled: Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) can occur in parallel with cognitive impairment. The search for a neuropsychological profile of depression has been pursued in the last two decades. However, scant research has been done on executive functions and decision-making ability (DM).

Validity and reliability of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the Australian National University - Alzheimer's Disease Risk Index (ANU-ADRI).

Unlabelled: The ANU-ADRI is a self-report tool that assesses risk for Alzheimer's Disease (AD).

Objective: To validate an adapted Portuguese version of this instrument and to carry out the reliability Test-Retest of the ANU-ADRI in Brazil.

Methods: In this longitudinal study, the sample was formed (n=100) by two groups (A and B): each comprising 50 patients assisted by GPs (general practitioners) or specialists in dementia.

Early-Onset Alzheimer Disease (EOAD) With Aphasia: A Case Report.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is traditionally subdivided into early onset (EOAD) and late onset (LOAD). EOAD has an onset before age 65 years and accounts for 1-5% of all cases. Two main presentation types of AD are familial and sporadic.

Cross-cultural adaptation of the "Australian National University Alzheimer's Disease Risk Index" for the Brazilian population.

Unlabelled: Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents a major public health problem and it is therefore crucial that modifiable risk factors be known prior to onset of dementia in late-life. The "Australian National University - Alzheimer's Disease Risk Index" (ANU-ADRI) is one of the potential tools for primary prevention of the disease.

Objective: The aim of this study was to devise an adapted version of the ANU-ADRI for use in Brazil.

Maternal and fetoplacental hypoxia do not alter circulating angiogenic growth effectors during human pregnancy.

One causal model of preeclampsia (PE) postulates that placental hypoxia alters the production of angiogenic growth effectors (AGEs), causing an imbalance leading to maternal endothelial cell dysfunction. We tested this model using the natural experiment of high-altitude (HA) residence. We hypothesized that in HA pregnancies 1) circulating soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt-1) is increased and placental growth factor (PlGF) decreased, and 2) AGE concentrations correlate with measures of hypoxia.