Publications by authors named "Marcus A Florez"

Purpose: The Prognostic Index for Spinal Metastasis (PRISM) is a scoring system derived from prospective data from a single institution that stratifies patients undergoing spine stereotactic radiosurgery (SSRS) for spinal metastases into subgroups by overall (OS). We sought to further demonstrate its generalizability by performing validation with a large dataset from a second high-volume institution, Mayo Clinic.

Methods And Materials: Eight hundred seventy-nine patients-424 from Mayo Clinic and 455 from MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC)-who received SSRS between 2007 and 2019 were identified.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Interferon gamma (IFNγ) is a proinflammatory cytokine that can cause bone marrow failure by activating and exhausting hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), with bone marrow stromal antigen 2 (BST2) playing a crucial role in this activation process.
  • Research using a murine model shows that knocking out BST2 doesn't impact immune responses or HSC localization in the bone marrow, but it does affect lipid raft polarity in response to IFNγ.
  • The study concludes that BST2 is essential for HSC division by promoting cell polarization and essential ERK1/2 activation, which could be significant for future cancer and bone marrow failure treatment strategies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Haematopoietic stem cells are crucial for lifelong blood production and were studied in young and old mice to understand how these cells change with age.
  • Researchers found that mouse stem cells accumulate about 45 somatic mutations per year, which is not drastically different from humans, despite their size and lifespan differences.
  • The study revealed that while stem cells independently maintain their populations throughout life, aged mice showed different patterns of clonal diversity and expansion compared to humans, particularly after blood system disturbances.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Unlabelled: Secondary endpoints (SEP) provide crucial information in the interpretation of clinical trials, but their features are not yet well understood. Thus, we sought to empirically characterize the scope and publication rate of SEPs among late-phase oncology trials. We assessed SEPs for each randomized, published phase III oncology trial across all publications and ClinicalTrials.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Recent studies suggest that infection reprograms hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) to enhance innate immune responses upon secondary infectious challenge, a process called "trained immunity." However, the specificity and cell types responsible for this response remain poorly defined. We established a model of trained immunity in mice in response to infection.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • The study investigates how often primary endpoint (PEP) changes occur in oncology randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and whether these changes influence the trial's success in meeting its predefined success criteria.
  • Out of 755 trials analyzed, about 19.2% had changes to their primary endpoints, but 70.3% of those changes were not disclosed in the published articles.
  • The research showed that PEP changes were more easily detected when multiple protocol versions were available, and there was a significant correlation between these changes and a positive trial outcome.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Purpose: There has been limited work assessing the use of re-irradiation (re-RT) for local failure following stereotactic spinal radiosurgery (SSRS). We reviewed our institutional experience of conventionally-fractionated external beam radiation (cEBRT) for salvage therapy following SSRS local failure.

Materials And Methods: We performed a retrospective review of 54 patients that underwent salvage conventional re-RT at previously SSRS-treated sites.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • BATF2 is a protein that helps control how certain immune cells develop, especially during long-term infections.
  • When researchers looked at mice without BATF2, they noticed these mice had fewer signals that recruit immune cells and better kept their blood stem cells.
  • The study shows how BATF2 works with another protein to increase immune responses, and it suggests ways to help the immune system while protecting blood stem cells during infections.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Purpose: Intensity modulated radiation therapy (RT) for spine metastases using a simultaneous integrated boost (SSIB) was shown as an alternative to the treatment of select osseous metastases that are not amenable to spine stereotactic radiosurgery. We sought to update our clinical experience using SSIB in patients for whom dose escalation was warranted but spine stereotactic radiosurgery was not feasible.

Methods And Materials: A total of 58 patients with 63 spinal metastatic sites treated with SSIB between 2012 and 2021 were retrospectively reviewed.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

We reviewed response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) of 207 patients with diagnoses of lung or head and neck cancer treated with chemotherapy/ICI combination therapy and ICI monotherapy between 2015 and 2020 at one of three clinical pavilions associated with the Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center at Baylor College of Medicine. Two of these pavilions (Harris Health System and the Michael E.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Purpose: For children, craniospinal irradiation (CSI) with photons is associated with significant toxic effects. The use of electrons for spinal fields is hypothesized to spare anterior structures but the long-term effects remain uncertain. We studied late effects of CSI using electrons for spinal radiation therapy (RT).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) describes a widespread expansion of genetically variant hematopoietic cells that increases exponentially with age and is associated with increased risks of cancers, cardiovascular disease, and other maladies. Here, we discuss how environmental contexts associated with CHIP, such as old age, infections, chemotherapy, or cigarette smoking, alter tissue microenvironments to facilitate the selection and expansion of specific CHIP mutant clones. Further, we consider major remaining gaps in knowledge, including intrinsic effects, clone size thresholds, and factors affecting clonal competition, that will determine future application of this field in transplant and preventive medicine.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

During chronic infection, the inflammatory cytokine interferon gamma (IFNγ) damages hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by disrupting quiescence and promoting excessive terminal differentiation. However, the mechanism by which IFNγ hinders HSC quiescence remains undefined. Using intravital 3-dimensional microscopy, we find that IFNγ disrupts the normally close interaction between HSCs and CXCL12-abundant reticular (CAR) cells in the HSC niche.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

In this work, we develop a drug-mimicking nanofibrous peptide hydrogel that shows long-term bioactivity comparable to a small-molecule inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). The iNOS inhibitor, -(1-iminoethyl)-l-lysine (l-NIL), is a positively charged amino acid whose structure could be readily integrated into the framework of a positively charged multidomain peptide (MDP) through the modification of lysine side chains. This new l-NIL-MDP maintains the self-assembling properties of the base peptide, forming -sheet nanofibers, which entangle into a thixotropic hydrogel.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common and often fatal inflammatory lung condition without effective targeted therapies. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) resolve lung inflammation, but mechanisms that enhance Tregs to promote resolution of established damage remain unknown. DNA demethylation at the forkhead box protein 3 (Foxp3) locus and other key Treg loci typify the Treg lineage.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF