Salivary shield: Rhodnius prolixus salivary glandular extract reduces intestinal immunopathology and protects against Toxoplasma gondii infection.

C57BL/6 mice, orally infected with T. gondii, experience pronounced severe intestinal inflammation, causing necrosis, weight loss, and bacterial translocation. In addition, immunomodulatory molecules such as lipocalins, nitrophorins, and apyrases are present in R.

Development of carrageenan-based emulsion gel as a vehicle to transport xylo-oligosaccharides and its functional properties.

Xylo-oligosaccharides (XOSs) are prebiotic compounds that promote the growth of beneficial microorganisms in the intestinal tract and show resistance to enzymatic digestion, which makes them ideal for use as ingredients in healthy foods. This study presents the development of a new prebiotic and antioxidant carrageenan-based emulsion gel (EG) as a vehicle to transport XOSs obtained from sugarcane bagasse. The aim of developing the EG is its future potential application as a saturated fat replacement ingredient in food products with added functional properties (antioxidant and prebiotic).

Enhanced Photocatalytic Performance of TiO@Er-Hydroxyapatite Composite for Cationic Dye and Drug Removal.

Photocatalysis heterogeneous is an essential method for water treatment. In this study, a novel photocatalytic erbium-doped hydroxyapatite-decorated titanium dioxide (TiO@Er-Hap) was obtained using the sol-gel method and applied to remove ciprofloxacin (CIP) drug and methylene blue (MB) dye contaminants. The sample's structural, physical, morphological, and photocatalytic properties were investigated.

Study of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-10, TGF-β and IL-6 Gene Polymorphisms in a Cohort of Professionals Who Worked in the First Pandemic Wave in the Brazilian Amazon.

Genetic polymorphisms in genes that enable the production of an effective host immune response, such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPS) in the IL-6, INF-alpha, IFN-gamma, IL-10, TGF-beta genes can cause unfavorable clinical conditions or susceptibility to pathologies. The objective of this work is to evaluate the epidemiological and genetic profile of professionals from health institutions during the first pandemic wave. A case-control study was performed with convenience sampling from health institutions (HI) workers from Belém-PA, Northern Brazil (N = 213), divided into symptomatology groups (Asymptomatic-AS, n = 91; and Symptomatic-SI, n = 122); and severity groups classified by chest computerized tomography-CCT data (symptomatic with pulmonary involvement-SCP, n = 37; symptomatic without pulmonary involvement-SSP, n = 8).

Subgenomic RNA Detection in SARS-CoV-2 Assessing Replication and Inactivation Through Serial Passages, RT-qPCR, and Electron Microscopy.

Subgenomic RNAs (sgRNAs) are potential markers of active SARS-CoV-2 replication, serving as templates for the synthesis of structural and accessory proteins in infectious viral particles. This study aimed to use RT-qPCR to quantify sgRNA and negative RNA intermediates, assessing viral replication in virus samples inactivated by β-propiolactone (βPL). Inactivated viruses subjected to five blind serial passages (BSs) were amplified by RT-qPCR using primers to target the envelope (ENV) and nucleoproteins (N1 and N2) of genomic genes, subgenomic envelope RNA (sgENV), and intermediate envelope RNA (ENV-).

Chlorine-mediated methane activation: an efficient photocatalytic pathway to valuable chemicals.

Methane (CH), a major component of natural gas, is both a valuable energy source and a potent greenhouse gas. Due to the remote locations of many CH reserves and the challenges of transportation, converting methane into liquid compounds under mild, sustainable conditions is highly desirable. Photocatalysis, a solar-driven technology, offers a promising approach for methane activation at ambient temperatures, avoiding issues like catalyst deactivation and product overoxidation associated with conventional high-temperature methods.

Higher T-bet and IFN-γ expression in advanced chagasic megaesophagus indicates Th1 response in the chronic phase.

Myenteric plexus injury is responsible for the morpho-functional alterations observed in chagasic megaesophagus (CME). The inflammatory response, characterized by elevated synthesis of IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-4, contributes to the persistence of parasitism and inflammation. This study assessed the mRNA expression of cytokines, transcription factors, and metalloproteases in subjects with CME.

Evaluation of the extraction of antioxidant compounds from buriti pulp ( L.) by response surface methodology.

Buriti is a fruit rich in antioxidant compounds, and hydroalcoholic extracts were produced from its pulp to investigate the extraction conditions that result in the highest concentrations of bioactive compounds and maximum antioxidant capacity. The results showed considerable variation in the bioactive compound contents in the pulp: total phenolics (104.64-270.

Evaluation of SB-83, a 2-amino-thiophene derivative, against Leishmania species that cause visceral leishmaniasis.

Visceral leishmaniasis is a systemic disease that affects various internal organs and represents the most severe and fatal form of leishmaniasis. Conventional treatment presents significant challenges, such as prolonged management in hospital settings, high toxicity, and an increasing growing number of cases of resistance. In previous studies, our research group demonstrated the effective and selective activity of the 2-amino-thiophene derivative SB-83 in preclinical models of cutaneous leishmaniasis.

Rainy and Dry Seasons Are Relevant Factors Affecting Chemical and Antioxidant Properties of Meliponini Honey.

Brazilian stingless bee species produce honey with distinct physicochemical and bioactive properties shaped by environmental factors. This study investigated the effects of the rainy and dry seasons on the physicochemical characteristics, chemical fingerprinting, mineral content, and antioxidant capacity of honey from and . The honey samples were analyzed for their phytochemical properties (official methods), total phenolics (Folin-Ciocalteu method), flavonoid content (aluminum complex formation method), antioxidant capacity (FRAP and ABTS assays), and antioxidant activity (erythrocyte model).

MPXV: Update on Morphological and Morphogenesis Aspects Through Transmission and Scanning Electron Microscopies and 3D Reconstruction.

An unprecedented global outbreak caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV) prompted the World Health Organization to declare a public health emergency of international concern on July 23, 2022. Therapeutics and vaccines for MPXV are not widely available, necessitating further studies, particularly in drug repurposing area. To this end, the standardization of in vitro infection systems is essential.

EVALUATION OF IDIOPATHIC SCOLIOSIS IN SUBTYPES OF PECTUS EXCAVATUM AND CARINATUM.

Objective: Evaluation of epidemiological data on Idiopathic Scoliosis in patients with different pectus subtypes.

Methods: A medical record analysis of 418 patients with pectus, associated with idiopathic scoliosis above 10°, with research on: subtypes of pectus (Lateral Pectus Carinatum, Inferior Pectus Carinatum, Superior Pectus Carinatum, Broad Pectus Excavatum, and Localized Pectus Excavatum), and characteristics of the scoliotic curve (Cobb angle, laterality, and location).

Results: The mean age was 14.

Twelve weeks of exercise training improves cognitive status, physical performance and quality of life in Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder in which there is slow and gradual impairment of mental function. Considering the increase in cases due to population aging, the potential benefits of physical training in AD are of great importance and need further elucidation. This study aims to identify the impact of physical training on crucial aspects of AD such as cognitive status, physical performances, quality of life and activities of daily living.

Development of Ni-ZnO-ACE-2 peptide hybrids as electrochemical devices for SARS-CoV-2 spike protein detection.

Owing to fast SARS-CoV-2 mutations, biosensors employing antibodies as biorecognition elements have presented problems with sensitivity and accuracy. To face these challenges, antibodies can be replaced with the human angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2), where it has been shown that the affinity between ACE-2 and the receptor binding domain (RBD) increases with the emergence of new variants. Herein, we report on Ni-doped ZnO nanorod electrochemical biosensors employing an ACE-2 peptide (IEEQAKTFLDKFNHEAEDLFYQS-NH) as a biorecognition element for detecting Spike (S) Wild-Type (WT) protein.

Biomimetic nanocarriers: integrating natural functions for advanced therapeutic applications.

Biomimetic nanocarriers, engineered to mimic the characteristics of native cells, offer a revolutionary approach in the treatment of various complex human diseases. This strategy enhances drug delivery by leveraging the innate properties of cellular components, thereby improving biocompatibility and targeting specificity. Biomimetic nanocarriers demonstrate significant advancements in drug delivery systems against cancer therapy, Alzheimer's disease, autoimmune diseases, and viral infections such as COVID-19.

Sociodemographic and clinical follow-up profile of transgender people accessing pre-exposure prophylaxis for the risk of HIV transmission in São Paulo, Brazil (2018-2021).

Objective: To describe the sociodemographic and clinical follow-up profile of the use of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) of HIV among transgender people receiving care at a reference health service for sexually transmitted infections and HIV/AIDS in São Paulo, the capital city of São Paulo state, between 2018 and 2021.

Method: This was a descriptive study with an analysis of sociodemographic data, reasons for seeking PrEP , discontinuation of use and experiences of clinical follow-up. Descriptive statistics were used.

Hydroxycinnamic Acid Extraction from Multiple Lignocellulosic Sources: Correlations with Substrate Composition and Taxonomy for Flavoring and Antioxidant Applications.

The extraction of hydroxycinnamic acids (HCADs) is a strategy for lignocellulosic biomass valorization due to their high value-added nature and the possibility of application as flavoring and antioxidants. This study proposes correlations between the composition and taxonomy of 28 globally available agro-industrial feedstocks with the production of HCADs using chemometric tools. Principal component analysis indicated strong correlations between ferulic acid release and hemicellulose type and content, especially in grass biomasses.

Anti-EGFR Rechallenge in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer and the Role of ctDNA: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) remains a significant clinical challenge. While anti-EGFR inhibitors have improved survival rates, their long-term efficacy is limited by disease progression, which is often associated with the development of acquired resistance mutations. However, some patients may regain sensitivity to anti-EGFR agents after alternative therapies, suggesting a potential benefit for rechallenge strategies.

Achieving the Optimal AgO Concentrations to Modulate the Anti- Activity of Ag-ZnO/AgO Nanocomposites: In Vivo Investigations.

: For the development of new treatments, the acute phase of Chagas disease (CD) in experimental models acts as a filter to screen out potentially effective interventions. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate ZnO nanocrystals and Ag-ZnO/AgO nanocomposites containing different proportions of silver (ZnO:5Ag, ZnO:9Ag and ZnO:11Ag) in an experimental model of the acute phase of CD. : C57Bl/6 mice were infected with 1000 forms of the Colombian strain of .

Factors associated with outcome in a national cohort of rhinovirus hospitalized patients in Brazil in 2022.

The common cold is the primary cause of illness in the community, with over 200 viral strains identified, and rhinovirus infections being the most prevalent. Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) is also a significant cause of severe illness. The burden of acute respiratory infections has a significant impact on the economy, resulting in absenteeism from work and school.

Comparative analysis of the leprosy detection rate regarding its clinical spectrum through PCR using the gene: a scientometrics and meta-analysis.

Background: Leprosy is a chronic and disabling infectious disease caused by . It has a wide clinical spectrum and is operationally classified into paucibacillary (PB) and multibacillary (MB) cases. There is evidence that the gene can be used in Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for complementary detection with high sensitivity and specificity.

Color removal in acidogenic reactor followed by aerobic granular sludge reactor: Operational and microbiological aspects.

This work investigated the operational and microbiological aspects of the decolorization of the azo dye Reactive Black 5 in acidogenic reactors followed by aerobic granular sludge (AGS) reactors, evaluating the effect of the acidogenic hydraulic retention time (HRT) (3, 2, and 1 h), effluent recirculation in the AGS reactor (50 mL min), dye concentration (50 and 100 mg L), and the redox mediator sodium anthraquinone-2-disulfonate (AQS) (50 μM). The acidogenic reactors were mainly responsible for the dye decolorization, with AQS significantly improving its efficiency and enabling the use of a shorter HRT (2 h). The recirculation effect was not so evident, probably masked by the adaptation of the acidogenic microbiota.