Publications by authors named "Marcos P V Cunha"

Article Synopsis
  • Public health is increasingly challenged by pathogenic microorganisms with new antimicrobial resistance, making identification difficult for emerging pathogens like NDM-1-producing strains.
  • A study documents Brazil's first case of a new ST418 strain, initially misidentified, which was accurately identified through ANI analyses and whole-genome sequencing.
  • The study found that the resistance gene was located on a 112 kb IncFIB plasmid, emphasizing the need for public health vigilance as this species may spread significant resistance genes.
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The spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) through multiple reservoirs is a global concern. Wastewater is a critical AMR dissemination source, so this study aimed to assess the persistence of resistance genetic markers in wastewater using a culture-independent approach. Raw and treated wastewater samples (n = 121) from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), a human hospital, a veterinary hospital, and a pig farm were monthly collected and concentrated by filtration.

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Until 2015, polymyxin resistance was primarily attributed to chromosomal mutations. However, with the first report of mobile colistin resistance () in commensal from food animals in China, the landscape has changed. To evaluate the presence of polymyxin resistance in spp.

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Article Synopsis
  • Over the last ten years, New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase (NDM) has spread in Brazil among various Enterobacterales species, not just Klebsiella.
  • The study involved analyzing 32 clinical isolates from 11 different species, with a focus on their antibiotic resistance profiles, revealing the presence of key resistance genes such as bla and mcr-1.
  • The findings highlight the urgent need for improved detection and control measures in hospitals to prevent the further spread of these resistant bacteria.
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Article Synopsis
  • Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) is a significant global health threat due to its widespread resistance to multiple antimicrobial agents, necessitating the exploration of new treatment options.
  • In a study of 97 isolates from Brazilian hospitals, the majority were found to be extensively drug-resistant, with the most effective treatments being meropenem-vaborbactam, cefiderocol, and ceftazidime-avibactam.
  • The results highlight a critical need for proper antimicrobial stewardship to protect the effectiveness of remaining treatment options, especially since only ceftazidime-avibactam is currently available in Brazil.
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, an opportunistic pathogen causing infections in immunocompromised patients, usually shows pronounced antimicrobial resistance. In recent years, the frequency of carbapenemases in has decreased, which allows use of new beta-lactams/combinations in antimicrobial therapy. Therefore, the in vitro evaluation of these drugs in contemporary isolates is warranted.

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() is an emergent zoonotic food-related pathogen that can be transmitted through the consumption of poultry meat. Data regarding the pathogenicity and resistance of are still scarce, and the presence of virulent MDR strains of this zoonotic pathogen in poultry meat is an issue of particular concern to public health. This study aimed to characterize the pathogenicity and antimicrobial resistance profiles of strains isolated from poultry meat sold at retail markets in São Paulo, Brazil.

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Article Synopsis
  • NDM-producing Enterobacterales have been found throughout Brazil since their first report in 2013, with a significant study focusing on São Paulo hospitals identifying 135 isolates over the last decade.
  • The study utilized various methods including antimicrobial susceptibility testing, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, and whole genome sequencing to characterize these bacterial isolates, revealing a high activity of polymyxin B against 88.9% of them.
  • A wide diversity of pulsotypes and sequence types was observed, with Clonal Group 258 being the most common, indicating both clonal and non-clonal expansion of NDM-producing bacteria in Brazil linked to different plasmids.
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Psittacine birds are commonly kept as companion birds and the maintenance of these birds in captivity may represent a zoonotic risk and contribute to the propagation of multidrug-resistant and β-lactamase extended-spectrum (ESBLs)-producing pathogens. This study aimed to identify and characterize strains of the Klebsiella pneumoniae complex isolated from diseased psittacine birds, determining virulence and resistance profiles. K.

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Non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica is a common cause of diarrhoeal disease; in humans, consumption of contaminated poultry meat is believed to be a major source. Brazil is the world's largest exporter of chicken meat globally, and previous studies have indicated the introduction of Salmonella serovars through imported food products from Brazil. Here we provide an in-depth genomic characterisation and evolutionary analysis to investigate the most prevalent serovars and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Brazilian chickens and assess the impact to public health of products contaminated with S.

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Article Synopsis
  • - A patient in Brazil was found to have a multi-drug resistant Salmonella Infantis that produces CTX-M-65.
  • - Whole genome sequencing revealed that the antibiotic resistance gene (bla) is located on a pESI-like megaplasmid in this particular strain (ST32).
  • - Phylogenetic analysis showed that this Brazilian isolate is closely related to similar IncFIB Salmonella Infantis strains found in food and poultry in the USA.
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Background: Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) are frequent pathogens worldwide, impacting on the morbidity and economic costs associated with antimicrobial treatment.

Objectives: We report two novel mutations associated with polymyxin-B resistance in an UPEC isolate collected in 2019.

Methods: Isolate was submitted to antimicrobial susceptibility testing including broth microdilution for polymyxin B.

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Salmonella has long been linked to zoonotic risks, including exotic pets. Parrots are popular pets, and we here describe a salmonellosis outbreak involving Blue-fronted Amazon parrots (Amazona aestiva) confiscated from the illegal pet trade in Brazil. High mortality was observed during the rehabilitation for which the causative agent was identified by cultures, and VITEK®2 GN identification card as Salmonella enterica.

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Background: Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) is an acute, highly transmissible and potentially fatal disease caused by Neisseria meningitidis. Prompt antimicrobial therapy and prophylaxis are recommended, where penicillin or ciprofloxacin are the available choices. However, the emergence of resistant isolates of N.

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Objectives: To analyze the relationship of ribosomal protein mutations and clonality of high-risk clones Acinetobacter baumannii.

Methods: Seventy-nine carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii were subjected to whole-genome sequencing (Illumina NextSeq), and codifying sequences of ribosomal proteins were extracted and screened for mutations.

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Enteropathogenic (EPEC) constitutes one of the main causes of mortality in children in low- to medium-income countries. Diverse animal species have been linked as reservoirs, including birds. The aim of this study was to describe the genomic and phylogenetic features of an EPEC recovered from a pet macaw and further characterizing the macro and microscopic lesion in a rabbit ileal loop experimental model.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study investigates the spread of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) in Brazilian hospitals, focusing on specific clonal lineages.
  • High rates of CRAB were identified, with predominant clonal complexes including CC1, CC15, CC79, and CC25, and a majority of the isolates exhibiting extensive drug resistance (XDR).
  • The research highlights that specific resistance genes are prevalent in these clonal complexes, suggesting that their spread is influenced by antimicrobial resistance mechanisms under selective pressure in healthcare settings.
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Escherichia coli sequence type (ST) 131 is of concern because it can acquire antimicrobial resistance and cause extraintestinal infections. E. coli ST131-H22 sublineage appears capable of being transmitted to humans through poultry.

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is the main species of the genus; however, non- (NBA) species causing infections have been described for the past years, as well as antimicrobial resistance. In this study, we describe the occurrence of two multidrug-resistant (MDR) IMP-1-producing isolates recovered from bloodstream infections in different patients but in the same intensive care unit among 134 carbapenem-resistant screened. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed resistance to carbapenems, extended spectrum, and antipseudomonad cephalosporins, amikacin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.

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Introduction: Worldwide urban pigeons (Columba livia domestica) are an important reservoir of pathogenic and multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDR). Plasmids are key genetic elements in the dissemination of antimicrobial drug resistance in bacteria, including beta-lactams and quinolones, which are the most important classes of drugs for treatment of Enterobacteriaceae infections in human and veterinary medicine. The aim of this study was to determine the presence of Escherichia coli (E.

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Non-human primates are susceptible to many bacteria, some of which bear zoonotic potential. We report the pathologic features of spontaneous fulminating meningoencephalitis by Staphylococcus aureus in a captive infant golden-headed lion tamarin (Leontopithecus chrysomelas) from Brazil.

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Article Synopsis
  • A case report details a Brazilian woman in her fifties who was hospitalized for schistosomiasis and found to be colonized by polymyxin-resistant E. coli and K. pneumoniae.
  • Advanced methods, including antimicrobial susceptibility testing and whole genome sequencing, confirmed the presence of the mcr-1 gene in both bacteria strains identified as E. coli ST744 and K. pneumoniae ST101.
  • The study highlights the emergence of mcr-1-harboring E. coli ST744, which is notably different from previously documented strains in Brazil, underlining the importance of monitoring antibiotic resistance.
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