Inadequacies of musculoskeletal medicine curriculum for undergraduate medical students: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders account for up to one in four of general-practice consultations and almost one third of complaints in primary-care clinical practice. However, an insufficient amount of time and importance is given to their teaching in most medical schools.

Objective: To evaluate the acquisition of musculoskeletal competences in our institution, in order to identify flaws and propose changes to correct and improve the musculoskeletal curriculum.

Contemporary human papillomavirus genotyping and correlations to peniscopy, cytology, and histopatology on over 1000 males.

Objectives: To explore male human papillomavirus (HPV) contemporary genotyping epidemiology and correlations to peniscopy, cytology, and histopatology.

Methods: Medical records of patients who had been submitted to HPV infection screening with genotyping, peniscopy, cytology, and histopathology in a period of 2 years were reviewed. Frequency analysis and correlations between the diagnostic tools were established.

Genital prevalence of HPV types and co-infection in men.

Introduction: HPV infection is a highly prevalent sexually transmitted disease and there is evidence of the relationship of HPV infection and the development of genital warts, penile intraepitelial neoplasia, invasive penile carcinoma and cervical cancer. However, there is sparse data regarding the prevalence of HPV types and co-infection of different HPV types among men.

Objectives: To assess the prevalence of HPV subtypes infections and rates of co-infection among men.

Nerve-sparing technique and urinary control after robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy.

Objectives: To characterize determinants of 4-, 12-, and 24-month urinary control after robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP).

Methods: Adjusted comparative study using prospectively collected, patient self-reported urinary control for 602 consecutive RALPs. Urinary control defined as: (1) EPIC urinary function (UF) scored from 0 to 100 and (2) continence (zero pads per day).

Overcoming the learning curve for robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy.

Robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RALP) has been rapidly adopted in the last few years despite having a prolonged learning curve. This article describes the RALP learning curve, reviews in detail the challenging steps of the operation, describes the authors' RALP technique, and concludes with tips to overcome the learning curve.

Anatomic bladder neck preservation during robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy: description of technique and outcomes.

Background: Robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RALP) has been rapidly adopted despite a daunting learning curve with bladder neck dissection as a challenging step for newcomers.

Objective: To describe an anatomic, reproducible technique of bladder neck preservation (BNP) and associated perioperative and long-term outcomes.

Design, Settings, And Participants: From September 2005 to May 2009, data from 619 consecutive RALP were prospectively collected and compared on the basis of bladder neck dissection technique with 348 BNP and 271 standard technique (ST).

Urine is necessary to provoke bladder inflammation in protamine sulfate induced urothelial injury.

Purpose: The bladder is normally impermeable to possible hostile environmental factors and toxic urinary wastes. Any disruption of the permeability barrier would permit the leakage of urine constituents into the underlying cells layers and subsequent inflammation. Protamine sulfate, which increases urothelial permeability, is used in experimental models of cystitis.