Effects of substratum type and orientation on the recruitment of bryozoans in an artificial area of the Western Atlantic.

Bryozoans are commonly associated with various artificial structures in marine environments and have been responsible for several bioinvasion events worldwide. Understanding the interactions between bryozoans and artificial structures is therefore essential to prevent the establishment and spread of potential bioinvaders. This study investigated bryozoan recruitment on four different substrates (PET, nautical ropes, metal, and PVC) placed in three orientations (vertical, horizontal facing down and facing up) in an area of the Western Atlantic.

Taxonomical and functional analyses of epifaunal polychaetes associated with spp.: the effects of coral growth morphology.

Background: The increasing habitat heterogeneity and complexity shows positive effects over different communities, leading to environmental diversity, access to resources and reducing the effectiveness of predation. In the present study we evaluate the structural and functional patterns of polychaete assemblages of three species with different coral morphology. has a massive growth pattern; also is a massive coral but forms a crevice in the corallum base; and has a meandroid pattern.

Influence of depth on bryozoan richness and distribution from the continental shelf of the northern coast of Bahia State, north-eastern Brazil.

Biological and abiotic processes influence ecosystem structure and species distribution. For bryozoan assemblages, depth, substratum and habitat structure are among the main factors influencing their distribution. Ecological studies on bryozoan fauna from Brazil are scarce and factors affecting the distribution and/or diversity of this common group are obscure.

Identification guide to some Diaptomid species (Crustacea, Copepoda, Calanoida, Diaptomidae) of "de la Plata" River Basin (South America).

An identification guide is presented for species of calanoid copepod family Diaptomidae from "de la Plata" River Basin (Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay and Uruguay). It was based on material collected during the summer and winter of 2010 from 43 sites across the eastern part and the lower stretches of this basin, the second largest in South America and the fourth in the world. The guide contains identification keys and species diagnoses for males and females, richly supported by scanning electronic micrographs and/or line drawings of 19 species.

Historical biogeography of the neotropical Diaptomidae (Crustacea: Copepoda).

Introduction: Diaptomid copepods are prevalent throughout continental waters of the Neotropics, yet little is known about their biogeography. In this study we investigate the main biogeographical patterns among the neotropical freshwater diaptomid copepods using Parsimony Analysis of Endemicity (PAE) based on species records within ecoregions. In addition, we assess potential environmental correlates and limits for species richness.

Granulosa cell tumor of the testis in a newborn.

Testicular neoplasms are uncommon tumors of childhood. These tumors comprise the germ cell tumors, and other tumors that may originate from histological testicular components, which are unrelated to the germinal lineage. Among the latter are the sex cord-stromal tumors (SCST), an important entity in newborns.

Exophthalmos due to odontogenic intraorbital abscess in Cebus apella.

Background: The accumulation of pus in the orbit originating from an infected dental root is classified as odontogenic intraorbital abscess.

Methods: Clinical, laboratory, and image evaluation of a non-human primate was performed.

Results: The patient was cured after surgical therapy.

Development of phylogenetic markers from single-copy nuclear genes for multi locus, species level analyses in the mint family (Lamiaceae).

The use of single copy nuclear markers is of increasing importance in plant phylogenetics. The generally higher level of variability compared to chloroplast DNA and the ability to use incongruence in a multilocus analysis to determine reticulation patterns makes these kinds of sequence based markers especially useful for species level investigations. However, the prevalence of gene duplication that results from the high frequency of polyploidization events during the evolution of higher plants can impede marker development especially for groups lacking model organisms.

Ureteroscopy in pregnant women for ureteral stone.

Introduction: The occurrence of urolithiasis in pregnancy represents a challenge in both diagnosis and treatment of this condition, because it presents risks not only to the mother but also to the fetus. Surgical treatment may be indicated for patients with infection, persistent pain, and obstruction of a solitary kidney. We present our experience on the management of pregnant patients with ureteral calculi and a review of the literature.

Behavioral interventions in primary enuresis: experience report in Brazil.

Nurses, parents, and children play an equally important role in successful behavioral management of childhood enuresis. This pilot study describes results of a multifaceted program in Brazil in which all children showed improvement in bedwetting over a 4-month treatment period. Methods used by these nurses may help in designing and implementing similar programs.