Assessment of nebivolol efficacy in experimental models of toxoplasmosis: insights into parasite burden reduction and neuronal protection.

This study investigates the efficacy of nebivolol (NBV) in experimental models of toxoplasmosis, focusing on parasite burden reduction and neuronal protection. In the acute model of experimental toxoplasmosis, Swiss mice infected with RH strain tachyzoites received oral NBV chlorhydrate doses of 2 mg/kg/day and 4 mg/kg/day for 8 days. Treatment with NBV significantly reduced parasite burden compared to vehicle and standard drug (PYR) groups.

Anti- screening of MMV pandemic response box and evaluation of RWJ-67657 efficacy in chronically infected mice.

Toxoplasmosis is a significant public health concern with limited therapeutic options. The medicines for malaria venture (MMV) developed the pandemic response box (PRB) containing 400 drug-like molecules with broad pathogen activity. The aim of this work is to evaluate PRB compounds for their anti- activity and identify promising candidates for further evaluation.

Repurposing the Medicines for Malaria Venture's COVID Box to discover potent inhibitors of Toxoplasma gondii, and in vivo efficacy evaluation of almitrine bismesylate (MMV1804175) in chronically infected mice.

Toxoplasmosis, caused by the obligate intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii, affects about one-third of the world's population and can cause severe congenital, neurological and ocular issues. Current treatment options are limited, and there are no human vaccines available to prevent transmission. Drug repurposing has been effective in identifying anti-T.

Case Report: Human Bertiellosis in Brazil.

The Anoplocephalidae family comprises a group of parasites that affect reptiles, birds, and mammals. Humans can be accidentally infected by ingesting contaminated mites. We present a case of human bertiellosis in Brazil.

Unbalanced relationships: insights into the interaction between gut microbiota, geohelminths, and schistosomiasis.

Hosts and their microbiota and parasites have co-evolved in an adaptative relationship since ancient times. The interaction between parasites and intestinal bacteria in terms of the hosts' health is currently a subject of great research interest. Therapeutic interventions can include manipulations of the structure of the intestinal microbiota, which have immunological interactions important for modulating the host's immune system and for reducing inflammation.

In vivo evaluation of anti-Leishmania activity of alkyltriazoles and alkylphosphocholines by oral route.

The failures in the treatment of leishmaniasis is an increasing problem around the world, especially related to resistance. Thus, we describe the synthesis and in vivo anti-Leishmania activity of alkylphosphocholine and alkyltriazoles; besides, their likely action mechanisms stem from some eventual inhibition of parasite enzymes using computational tools. These compounds were tested in an in vivo hamster model infected with Leishmania Leishmania infantum chagasi.

Ellagitannins from jabuticaba (Myrciaria jaboticaba) seeds attenuated inflammation, oxidative stress, aberrant crypt foci, and modulated gut microbiota in rats with 1,2 dimethyl hydrazine-induced colon carcinogenesis.

Since dietary factors are thought to be responsible for high colon cancer risk, we investigated the chemopreventive effect of jabuticaba seed extract (LJE) by administering yogurt with or without LJE against 1,2 dimethyl hydrazine (DMH)-induced colon carcinogenesis in rats. Results showed that LJE contained a total phenolic content of 57.16 g/100 g of seed extract in which 7.

Risk of Trypanosoma cruzi transmission in southern Minas Gerais, Brazil - Data from 2014 to 2020.

Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiologic agent of Chagas disease, is widely distributed in the Americas and is transmitted through vectorial, transfusional, and oral routes. This study aimed to evaluate the risk of vectorial transmission of Chagas disease in municipalities located in southern Minas Gerais, Brazil, by analyzing triatomine specimens collected from 2014 to 2020. All 1522 hematophagous triatomines were identified as Panstrongylus megistus, and were subjected to parasitological and molecular examinations.

Camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia) seeds as a novel source of bioactive compounds with promising antimalarial and antischistosomicidal properties.

Parasitic diseases have attracted worldwide attention of their consequent impact on mortality and morbidity. Accordingly, several plants have been screened for antiparasitic activity aiming to create new alternatives for treatment. These diseases have been neglected and have not attracted worldwide attention (nowadays), the health concerns are focused in chronic diseases, but it is necessary to focus on parasitic diseases and look for prophylactic alternatives, such as plant extracts.

Amlodipine Increases the Therapeutic Potential of Ravuconazole upon Trypanosoma cruzi Infection.

Mining existing agents that enhance the therapeutic potential of ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitors (EBI) is a promising approach to improve Chagas disease chemotherapy. In this study, we evaluated the effect of ravuconazole, an EBI, combined with amlodipine, a calcium channel blocker, upon experimental infection. assays confirmed the trypanocidal activity of both compounds in monotherapy and demonstrated an additive effect (sum of the fractional inhibitory concentration [ΣFIC] > 0.

Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum (White Mold): Cytotoxic, Mutagenic, and Antimalarial Effects In Vivo and In Vitro.

This work aimed includes performing the sclerotia chemical profile and evaluates their biological effects on mutagenesis, oxidative stress, cancer, and malaria. A chemical profile was determined by ultraperformance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS) analysis dereplicating norditerpenoid dilactone, sclerolide, and other compounds. The GI values to cancer cells (19.

Exploring the bioactivity potential of : phytochemical composition, antimicrobial and antileishmanial activities of extracts from different anatomical parts.

(L.) Br. (Lamiaceae) is an African shrub popularly known as 'cordão-de-frade' in Brazil, traditionally used to treat infectious diseases, among other uses.

Hydroalcoholic Myrciaria dubia (camu-camu) seed extracts prevent chromosome damage and act as antioxidant and cytotoxic agents.

The camu-camu seeds, which comprehend about 20% of the fruit weight, is discarded without taking benefit of their chemical components and potential application by the industry. In the current study, we characterized the phenolic composition, the in vitro chemical antioxidant effects, cytotoxic activity, and the inhibition of induced-cisplatin chromosomal aberrations of five camu-camu seed extracts obtained with different proportions of water (HO) and ethyl alcohol (EtOH). The 50% HO + 50% EtOH was the most promising extract because it presented higher total phenolic content (4802 mg GAE/100 g), antioxidant capacity (DPPH = 3694 mg AAE/100 g; FRAP = 6604 mg AAE/100 g; FCRC = 4918 mg GAE/100 g) and inhibited the cell growth of four cancer cell lines (GI = 7.

Leishmanicidal and antimicrobial activity of primin and primin-containing extracts from Miconia willdenowii.

As a part of an ongoing bioprospective project, searching for potential medicinal plants from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, Miconia willdenowii was selected for its potential leishmanicidal and antimicrobial activities. The crude ethanolic extract of M. willdenowii showed an inhibition of 99.

Leishmania infantum nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1 (NTPDase 1) B-domain: Antibody antiproliferative effect on the promastigotes and IgG subclass responses in canine visceral leishmaniasis.

A nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase-1 (NTPDase 1) was identified on the surface, flagellum and kinetoplast from L. infantum promastigotes by immunocytochemistry and confocal laser scanning microscopy, using immune sera that recognized specifically the B domain of NTPDase 1 and produced against synthetic peptides (LbB1LJ and LbB2LJ) derived from this domain. The polyclonal antibodies had effective antileishmanial effect, reducing significantly in vitro promastigotes growth (21-25%), an antiproliferative effect also demonstrated by immune sera produced against recombinant r-pot B domain, and two other synthetic peptides (potB1LJ and potB2LJ).

Synthesis and evaluation of the antileishmanial activity of silver compounds containing imidazolidine-2-thione.

A new series of silver compounds could be of interest on designing new drugs for the treatment of leishmaniasis. The compounds [Ag(phen)(imzt)]NO(1), [Ag(phen)(imzt)]CFSO(2), [Ag(phen)](BF)·HO (3), [Ag(imzt)](NO)(4), and imzt have been synthesized and evaluated in vitro for antileishmanial activity against Leishmania. (L.

Leishmania infantum amastigote nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1 (NTPDase 1): Its inhibition as a new insight into mode of action of pentamidine.

Nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase (NTPDase) 1 from intracellular amastigotes of Leishmania infantum-infected macrophage was identified by immunocytochemistry and confocal laser scanning microscopy using antibodies that specifically recognize its B-domain. This enzyme was previously characterized in Leishmania promastigote form, and here it is shown to be susceptible to pentamidine isethionate (PEN). In initial assays, this antileishmanial compound (100 μM) reduced 60% phosphohydrolytic activity of promastigotes preparation.

Doxycycline hyclate: A schistosomicidal agent in vitro with immunomodulatory potential on granulomatous inflammation in vivo.

We investigated the effect in vitro and in vivo of doxycycline hyclate (Dx), a broad-spectrum antibiotic inhibitor of matrix metaloproteinases (MMPs), on adult Schistosoma mansoni worms and granulomatous liver inflammation in infected mice. Adult S. mansoni worms in culture treated with different concentrations of Dx (50-180 μg/mL) were studied for eight days to assess its morphology, eggs production, and mortality.

Seroepidemiological aspects of human infection by Strongyloides stercoralis in Alfenas, southern Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Introduction: In most Strongyloides stercoralis infected individuals, nematoidosis occurs asymptomatically, but in immunocompromised patients, it can cause hyperinfection. Serological techniques seem to be a good alternative for detecting this parasite.

Methods: The frequency of seropositivity for strongyloidiasis in Alfenas, MG, was estimated using the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay on blood samples, between May and August of 2015.

Comparative analysis of real-time PCR assays in the detection of canine visceral leishmaniasis.

Dogs are important hosts and reservoirs of leishmaniasis, a disease caused by protozoan parasites from the genus Leishmania, affecting ~12 million people worldwide. The detection of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in dogs by real-time PCR (qPCR) may improve on diagnosis, but the different qPCR methods available for Leishmania DNA detection have not been established as routine in diagnostic tools and/or epidemiologic studies for canine VL. Here, we compared three qPCR assays (DNApol, Linj31, and LDON) in the detection of VL by Leishmania infantum in spleen (n = 48; 7), skin (n = 48; 7), and whole blood (n = 44; 7) samples from serologically positive and negative dogs, respectively.

In vivo schistosomicidal activity of 7-epiclusianone and its quantification in the plasma of healthy and Schistosoma mansoni infected mice using UPLC-MS/MS.

Background: The tetraprenylated benzophenone 7-epiclusianone (7-epi) is a substance isolated from the fruits of Garcinia brasiliensis and in vitro studies have demonstrated that 7-epi is effective against Schistosoma mansoni adult worms.

Hypothesis/purpose: Here we report the in vivo evaluation of 7-epi and its pharmacokinetic in healthy and Schistosoma mansoni infected mice.

Study Design And Methods: In this work, we assayed the schistosomicidal activity of 7-epi at the dose of 100 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg body weight/day in S.