Effectiveness of reciprocating and rotary retreatment files in the removal of endodontic filling material.

The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of a reciprocating file (Reciproc) and a rotary retreatment file (Mtwo retreatment [Mtwo-R]) for the removal of filling material during root canal retreatment. A total of 30 mandibular molars with a mesial root curvature between 20° and 40° were selected and prepared using a Reciproc R25 file. The canals were filled using the lateral condensation technique and a root canal sealer.

Identification of Culturable and Nonculturable Microorganisms, Lipopolysaccharides, and Lipoteichoic Acids From Root Canals of Teeth With Endodontic Failure.

Aim: To elucidate the presence of apical periodontitis in the root canal of teeth with secondary/persistent infection, including composition of microbiota, levels of endotoxins and lipoteichoic acid (LTA), and clinical implications of these findings.

Method: Samples were collected from root canals of 50 patients who needed endodontic retreatment and had radiographic evidence of apical periodontitis. Microorganisms were identified by using the culture technique and biochemical tests.

Retrospective study on sequelae in traumatized permanent teeth.

Objective: This study aimed to identify possible associations of the presence or absence of posttrauma sequelae with the factors inherent to the traumatized tooth and treatment.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study was performed through the evaluation of records and radiographs of a center of reference for dental trauma between January 2008 and December 2014. The factors were analyzed and associated with posttrauma sequelae, such as pulp necrosis and root resorption.

Comparison of Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis Lipopolysaccharides Clinically Isolated from Root Canal Infection in the Induction of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines Secretion.

The aim of this study was to compare the biological activity of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) purified from Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis strains, both isolated from primary endodontic infection (PEI) in the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α released by macrophage cells. Moreover, LPS was purified from F. nucleatum and P.

Quantitative and qualitative analysis of microorganisms in root-filled teeth with persistent infection: Monitoring of the endodontic retreatment.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate in vivo microorganisms detected in root-filled teeth with post-treatment apical periodontitis and quantify colony-forming units (CFU) during endodontic retreatment.

Materials And Methods: Fifteen root-filled teeth had their previous gutta-percha removed and were randomly instrumented before being divided into three groups and medicated with either [Ca(OH)2 + 2% CHX gel], [Ca(OH)2 + 0.9% NaCl] or 2% CHX gel.

Clinical comparison of the effectiveness of single-file reciprocating systems and rotary systems for removal of endotoxins and cultivable bacteria from primarily infected root canals.

Introduction: This clinical study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of single-file reciprocating systems and rotary systems in removing endotoxins and cultivable bacteria from primarily infected root canals.

Methods: Forty-eight primarily infected root canals were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups: WaveOne (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) (n = 12); Reciproc (VDW, Munich, Germany) (n = 12), ProTaper (Dentsply Maillefer) (n = 12), and Mtwo (VDW) (n = 12). Samples were collected before and after chemomechanical preparation.

Analysis of genetic lineages and their correlation with virulence genes in Enterococcus faecalis clinical isolates from root canal and systemic infections.

Introduction: Enterococcus faecalis is a member of the mammalian gastrointestinal microbiota but has been considered a leading cause of hospital-acquired infections. In the oral cavity, it is commonly detected from root canals of teeth with failed endodontic treatment. However, little is known about the virulence and genetic relatedness among E.

Comparison of endotoxin levels found in primary and secondary endodontic infections.

Introduction: This clinical study was conducted to compare the levels of endotoxins (lipopolysaccharides [LPSs]) found in primary and secondary endodontic infections with apical periodontitis by correlating LPS contents with clinical/radiographic findings. In addition, the presence of target gram-negative anaerobic bacteria was also investigated.

Methods: Samples were taken from 15 root canals with primary infections and 15 with secondary infections by using paper points.

Capsule locus polymorphism among distinct lineages of Enterococcus faecalis isolated from canals of root-filled teeth with periapical lesions.

Introduction: Although Enterococcus faecalis is a member of the normal microbiota, it is also a major cause of nosocomial infections. Some strains of E. faecalis produce capsule, which contributes to pathogenesis through evasion of host defenses, and its production is dependent on the capsule (cps) operon polymorphism.

Persistent extraradicular infection in root-filled asymptomatic human tooth: scanning electron microscopic analysis and microbial investigation after apical microsurgery.

Introduction: Procedural accidents have a negative effect on healing and might contribute to the persistence of infections in inaccessible apical areas, requiring surgical intervention. This report describes a case of persistent apical periodontitis of a lower left first molar associated with the sinus tract and a periapical lesion that required nonsurgical endodontic retreatment and apical surgery for resolution.

Methods: The tooth had received endodontic treatment 3 years ago and had to be retreated using the crown-down technique with chemical auxiliary substance (2% chlorhexidine gel), foramen patency, and enlargement and was filled in a single appointment.