Prevalence of Frailty Phenotypes in Older People Living with HIV: A Cross-Sectional Study from Brazil.

Background: Frailty may affect people living with HIV (PLHIV) prematurely. Fried's frailty phenotype, composed of 5 criteria, is one of the most used instruments for its assessment. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of these criteria among PLHIV classified as prefrail and frail in Brazil.

Frailty in people 50 years or older living with HIV: A sex perspective.

Objective: To estimate prefrailty and frailty prevalence and associated factors in people living with HIV (PLHIV) from a sex perspective.

Methods: Cross-sectional study on PLHIV at specialized public health centres in Brazil. Data were obtained from individuals aged ≥50 years using antiretroviral therapy (ART) and with an undetectable viral load through personal interviews, clinical evaluations and medical records.

Bidirectional associations between chronic low back pain and sleep quality: A cohort study with schoolteachers.

Aims: Although both chronic low back pain (cLBP) and sleep problems are prevalent among active workers, the relation between these variables is not well established. This study aimed to examine the bidirectional association between cLBP and sleep in schoolteachers.

Methods: The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and cLBP were self-reported by 530 schoolteachers in Londrina, Brazil, at baseline and after 2 years of follow-up.

[The use of anticholinergic drugs and associated factors in middle-aged adults and the elderly].

The objective of this article was to describe the use of anticholinergic drugs and possible factors associated with their use, in middle-aged adults and in the elderly. This is a cross-sectional study, based on data from a population-based study called VIGICARDIO. All respondents aged 44 or older interviewed in 2015 were included.

[The relationship between the assessment of performance of primary health care and infant mortality in Brazil].

The article assesses the relationship between the Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) and the percentage of health units that obtained good performance ratings in the appraisal by the National Program to Improve Access and Quality (PMAQ) of Primary Care in Brazilian states and the relation to the variables involved. Using a descriptive study, the results of the performance assessment of the participating units of the third cycle of PMAQ (2015-2017) and the relationship with the IMR (2015-2017) were analyzed. Descriptive, Pearson correlation, and cluster analysis were performed.

The association of continuous-use medications and sleep parameters in a sample of working adults.

Purpose: Although polypharmacy is linked to health outcomes in the elderly, the use of multiple medications is increasing in middle-aged adults. This study analyzed whether or not the increased number of continuous-use medications (C-UM) is associated with objective and subjective sleep parameters in a working population.

Methods: Cross-sectional study with schoolteachers from public schools in Londrina, Brazil.

Frequency and factors associated with falls in adults aged 55 years or more.

Objective: The objective of this study is to analyze the frequency and factors associated with falls in adults aged 55 years or more.

Methods: This is a study inserted into another population-based study with representative sample of persons aged 40 years or more of the urban area in a medium-sized municipality of the State of Paraná, Brazil, in 2011. That study obtained demographic and socioeconomic data and characteristics related to life habits, health conditions, and functional capacity (n = 1,180).

Association of lead, cadmium and mercury with paraoxonase 1 activity and malondialdehyde in a general population in Southern Brazil.

Metal exposure is associated with increased oxidative stress (OS), which is considered an underlying mechanism of metal-induced toxicity. Malondialdehyde (MDA) is a final product of lipid peroxidation, and it has been extensively used to evaluate metal-induced OS. Pro-oxidant effects produced by metals can be mitigated by paraoxonase 1 (PON1), an antioxidant enzyme known to prevent cardiovascular disease and atherosclerosis.

Cognitive and Functional Decline among Individuals 50 Years of Age or Older in Cambé, Paraná, Brazil: A Population-Based Study.

Aims: To identify the frequency of cognitive and functional decline (CFD) among adults 50 years of age and older by a population-based study.

Methods: Cognitive function was analyzed by the Mini-Mental State Examination, and the functional conditions were based on instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). Cases of CFD included individuals with cognitive decline and 2 or more compromised IADL.

Identification and characteristics of patients with palliative care needs in Brazilian primary care.

Background: The Brazilian healthcare system offers universal coverage but lacks information about how patients with PC needs are serviced by its primary care program, Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF).

Methods: Cross-sectional study in community settings. Patients in ESF program were screened using a Palliative Care Screening Tool (PCST).

Death in hospital and at home: population and health policy influences in Londrina, State of Paraná, Brazil (1996-2010).

An aging population and epidemiological transition involves prolonged terminal illnesses and an increased demand for end-stage support in health services, mainly in hospitals. Changes in health care and government health policies may influence the death locations, making it possible to remain at home or in an institution. The scope of this article is to analyze death locations in the city of Londrina, State of Paraná, from 1996 to 2010, and to verify the influence of population and health policy changes on these statistics.

[Non-adherence to continuous treatment and associated factors: prevalence and determinants in adults 40 years and older].

This study investigates factors associated with non-adherence to continuous drug therapy in individuals 40 years and older. A population-based survey was conducted in Cambé, Paraná State, Brazil. Treatment adherence was assessed with the four-item Morisky et al.

[Adherence to pharmacological and non pharmacological treatment for arterial hypertension and associated factors in primary care].

A cross-sectional study was conducted with 385 hypertensive patients between 20 and 79 years of age in a family health unit in Londrina, State of Parana, Brazil, to determine the adherence to pharmacological and non pharmacological treatment for arterial hypertension in primary healthcare and identify associated factors. The adherence to pharmacological treatment was 59%. Regular physical activity was reported by 68 (17.

A prospective study of risk factors for cardiovascular events among the elderly.

Objective: To analyze the impact of cardiovascular (CV) risk factors on the occurrence of fatal and non-fatal CV events in elderly individuals.

Methods: The present research was a prospective cohort study of 800 elderly Brazilian outpatients (60 to 85 years old) with a 12-year follow-up period (baseline: 1997-1998). The outcome variable was CV mortality or non-fatal CV events (stroke, infarction, angina, heart failure).

Lipids and all-cause mortality among older adults: a 12-year follow-up study.

This is a 12-year follow-up cohort study with 800 people (60-85 years old). The association between lipid disorders and mortality was analysed by Cox proportional hazard adjusted model. All-cause mortality was considered the dependent variable, and lipid disorders as independent variables: total cholesterol (TC) >200 and <170 mg/dl, HDL-c <35 and 40, LDL-c >100 and 130, and triglycerides (TG) >50.

Oral health status and nutritional deficit in noninstitutionalized older adults in Londrina, Brazil.

Objective: To examine the association between nutritional deficit and oral health problems in noninstitucionalized elderly adults in a Brazilian community.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, data were obtained from 267 elderly adults (160 women, 107 men) with ages between 60 and 74 years, identified through a census in the area covered by the Family Health Program in Londrina, Brazil. The Mini Nutritional Assessment score < 24 points was used to identify nutritional deficit.

Psychoactive drugs as risk factors for functional decline among noninstitutionalized dependent elderly people.

Objective: To analyze the association between use of psychoactive drugs and functional decline among noninstitutionalized dependent elderly people.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Participants: A total of 161 community-dwelling elderly people with functional dependence.

Influenza vaccination in non-institutionalized elderly: a population-based study in a medium-sized city in Southern Brazil.

Vaccination is the most effective measure to prevent the complications of influenza. This population-based study aimed to estimate influenza vaccine coverage in non-institutionalized elderly, analyze the factors involved in lack of influenza vaccine uptake, and identify post-vaccination adverse effects. The study population lived in an urban neighborhood in Southern Brazil, and the sample consisted of 425 elderly.

Prevalence of abdominal obesity in hypertensive patients registered in a Family Health Unit.

Background: Abdominal obesity is an important cardiovascular risk factor and, along with dyslipidemia, impaired glucose tolerance and hypertension, it makes up the metabolic syndrome.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of abdominal obesity and associated factors in hypertensive patients.

Methods: Cross-sectional study with hypertensive patients aged 20 to 79 registered in a Family Health Unit in the city of Londrina, Paraná.

Use of drugs that act on the cytochrome P450 system in the elderly.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to analyze medications that act on the cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymatic system and are used daily by non-institutionalized elderly individuals.

Methods: A cross-sectional population-based study of elderly individuals (> or = 60 years old) was conducted. All continuously used medications with hepatic metabolism via CYP450 that are classified as substrates, inducers or inhibitors were considered.

[Characterization of chronic pain and analgesic approaches among community-dwelling elderly].

Objective: To characterize chronic pain and analgesic approaches in community- dwelling elderly of the northern district of Londrina - Brazil.

Methods: Cross-sectional study with individuals 60 years old and more, resident in the local area of a Basic Health Unit (UBS) of Londrina, by home inquiry. Chronic pain was defined as pain lasting for six months or more.

Factors associated with negative self-perception of oral health among elderly people in a Brazilian community.

Objective: Self-perception of oral health is an important measurement for assessing the health and quality of life of elderly people. The aim of this study was to analyse associations between negative self-perception of oral health and poor oral state, socio-demographic variables, depression and use of medications.

Method: In this cross-sectional study, elderly people aged 60 to 74 years living in the urban zone of a city in southern Brazil were interviewed and examined.

Malnutrition and depression among community-dwelling elderly people.

Objectives: This study had the objective of analyzing the association between nutritional deficit and the presence of depression among community-dwelling elderly people.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Population of elderly people living in one district of a city in southern Brazil.

[Salivary flow and psychoactive drug consumption in elderly people].

Objective: To analyze the association between low saliva flow rates and the use of psychoactive drugs among the elderly.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with 267 elderly people from 60 to 74 years of age who lived in a borough of the city of Londrina, Paraná State, Brazil. Individuals with high functional dependence or restricted to bed were excluded.

Metabolic syndrome, abdominal obesity, and cardiovascular risk in elderly women.

Background: Metabolic syndrome and abdominal obesity are risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in middle age women but, not completely understood in older people. In this study we analyzed the association between metabolic syndrome and abdominal obesity and the occurrence of cardiovascular events in these elderly women.

Methods: A prospective follow-up study included 516 consecutive women aged 60-84 years who sought medical care at a geriatric outpatient facility.