Rubus rosaefolius extract as a natural preservative candidate in topical formulations.

Even though the synthetic preservatives may offer a high antimicrobial efficacy, they are commonly related to adverse reactions and regarded as having potentially harmful effects caused by chronic consumption. The development of natural preservatives provides a way of reducing the amount of synthetic preservatives normally used in pharmaceutical and cosmetic preparations. In addition, these agents have less toxic effects and represent a possible natural and safer alternative of the preservatives.

[Importance of schedule in medical graduation: the example of Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP)].

Results of educational research which were realized in 1996 are presented. The effective use of available schedule in each discipline of medical curriculum in FMUSP was registered by previously prepared students. In global analysis 13.

[Retention of knowledge. III--Gynecology program].

The authors present the result of an educational investigation of knowledge retention concerning a Gynecology program. The research was developed by comparing the marks obtained in the fourth, fifth and sixth years. The examinations had the same content but were not identical.

[Comparative analysis of PAC-I and PAC-II].

Comparison between the results of students' evaluation of the University of São Paulo Medical School with the results of the coordinators' evaluation of their own program is presented; 32 programs during 1996 were studied. In 50% of the cases, the students and professors evaluation were identical. In 28.

[Teacher's opinions regarding graduation programs at the University of São Paulo Medical School--PAC-II].

The authors show the results of the "Curricular Evaluation Program" of University of São Paulo Medical School pertaining to the year of 1996. This program (PAC-II) is based on teachers' opinions regarding the subjects taught (1st to 4th grades) and hospital intern courses. The opinions collected concerning such programs were definitely favorable.

[Knowledge retention. II--Orthopedics and traumatology programs].

The authors present the results of an educational investigation of knowledge retention concerning a Orthopedics and Traumatology program. The research was developed by comparing the marks obtained in the fourth and sixth years. The examinations had the same content but were not identical.

[Retention of knowledge. I--Dermatology and psychiatry programs].

The authors present the results of an education investigation of knowledge retention. The programs of Dermatology and Psychiatry were studied, comparing the marks obtained in the fourth and fifth years. The examinations had the same content but were not identical and the fifth year's examination was applied in the first day of the training program.

[Program evaluation Curriculum of the University of São Paulo Medical School. For the year 1994 and the period 1989-1994].

The authors present the results of the Program of Curriculum Evaluation of the University of São Paulo Medical School for the year of 1994, as well as the 1989-1994 period. The academic year of 1994 wasn't a good year to the medical graduation regarding disciplines from the first to the fourth year; only 14.3% of the disciplines achieved 90% or more of "excellent" + "good".

[Curriculum evaluation program of the University of São Paulo Medical School--results for 1993 and a 5-year analysis].

The following report contains the results of the "Curricular Evaluation Program" of University of São Paulo Medical School pertaining to the year of 1993 and to the five-year period between 1989 and 1993. This evaluation of all undergraduate courses was made by students, responding to questionnaires supplied at the end of each program. In 1993, 60.

[Opinion of the people in charge of the medical graduation disciplines at the São Paulo University Medical School on the 'curriculum evaluation program'].

Results of "Curricular Evaluation Program" (CEP) of Medical School of S. Paulo University (FMUSP) are presented. CEP numbers are obtained form students answers offered to a padronized questionnaire which included theoretical and practical aspects of curricular process.

[Institutional and departmental teaching hours of 2 curricula at the medical school of the São Paulo University--comparative analysis].

The teaching results of the curriculum adopted at the Medical School of the University of São Paulo in the last three years were compared with those observed formerly. There was a diminution of 15.97% of teaching hours at the Institute of Biomedical Sciences and an increase of 3.

[Typology of performance of graduate course disciplines in medicine at the Medical School of the University of São Paulo].

The results of the program for the evaluation of the curriculum of the graduation course of the Medical Faculty of the University of São Paulo are presented and discussed. Following disciplines received special attention: practice in a hospital for infections diseases, orthopedics and traumatology, medical imagery, propedeutics and preventive and social pediatrics. These disciplines were chosen in an aleatory way among those that correspond to the four models of the behaviour: increasing, decreasing, decreasing/increasing and increasing/decreasing.

[Medical pedagogy and special didactics in graduate courses at the medical school of the University of São Paulo, Brazil].

Graduate courses of medical pedagogy and special didactics at S. Paulo University Medical School are analysed. The authors present objectives, subject matters and methodologies of both courses, as well as their evaluation by the graduate students.

[Effects of previous distribution of documents containing educational objectives on the teaching of pediatrics].

The authors discuss the usefulness of giving to the students of the Department of Pediatrics of the University of São Paulo instructions regarding the educational objectives of the graduation course. An inquiry was carried out with the collaboration of: 1) members of the Departmental Council and of the Commission for Graduation; 2) teachers responsible for the course, and 3) the students. Only 32.

[Curricular evaluation program of the Medical School of the University of São Paulo].

The authors present a feed-back evaluation of the curriculum of the University of São Paulo Medical School, made by the students that attended the course. History, methodology, implantation and illustrative results are presented.

[Profile of former students of the Medical School of the University of São Paulo].

The authors present results of an inquiry involving 3,309 physicians graduated at the University of S. Paulo School of Medicine in the 1958-1989 period. Concerning sex, there were 79% male and 21% female students (6% female in 1958-1963 period and 38% in 1958-1989).

[Evaluation of the establishment of a clinical pediatrics program for the students of 6th year of medicine at the University Hospital of the Universidade de São Paulo].

The authors present an educational investigation performed with students of the 6th year of the University of São Paulo Medical School. The results of the diagnostic evaluation employed with the fifth grade students in 1984 defining the target-population of the future course; the results of the questionnaire used with the assistants of, the teaching body of the course. The formulation of the terminal objectives of the course and the results of its operation during 1985, are presented.

[The teaching of preventive and social pediatrics at the undergraduate level in the school of medicine of the University of São Paulo].

After some considerations about the particular situation of pediatric departments within the global context of the medical education, the authors discuss the graduate teaching of Social and Preventive Pediatrics (primary care), as carried out by the Department of Pediatrics, University of São Paulo Medical School. The following aspects are emphasized: locals or areas of training, academic programs, human resources, duration of training and it's time schedule, number of students and evaluation of the related social and preventive pediatric courses. They conclude pointing to the importance of these courses having in view the terminal performance of the undergraduate students after 1.

[The growth curve in asthmatic children].

The growth of 209 children with moderate and severe bronchial asthma seen at two different Health Care Centers for Bronchial Asthma Patients: (ICr and USP) was studied. The two groups differ mainly in socioeconomic level. Age at the onset of the disease, as well as duration and severity of the illness were considered.

Treatment of diarrheal dehydration.

A regimen for the treatment of diarrheal dehydration is presented. It was devised for use in conditions found in developing countries. Application to large number of patients has been successful.