The association between disease activity and patient-reported outcomes in patients with moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis in the United States and Europe.

Background: Patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) experience periods of recurring and episodic clinical signs and symptoms. This study sought to establish the association between disease activity and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and other patient-reported outcomes.

Methods: United States (US) and European Union 5 ([EU5]; i.

Treatment patterns among patients with moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis in the United States and Europe.

Objective: The aim of the present study is to examine how moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis (UC) is currently managed in real-world clinical practice across the United States (US) and European Union Five (EU5; France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom).

Methods: Data from the 2017 Adelphi Inflammatory Bowel-Disease Specific Programme (IBD-DSP) were used. The IBD-DSP is a database of patient chart information abstracted by selected gastroenterologists across the US and EU5.

An economic evaluation of tofacitinib for the treatment of moderately-to-severely active ulcerative colitis: modeling the cost of treatment strategies in the United States.

To evaluate the cost differences between a treatment strategy including tofacitinib (TOFA) vs treatment strategies including adalimumab (ADA), golimumab (GOL), infliximab (IFX), and vedolizumab (VEDO) among all patients with moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis (UC) (further stratified by patients naïve/exposed to tumor necrosis factor inhibitors [TNFis]). An Excel-based decision-analytic model was developed to evaluate costs from the perspective of a third-party US payer over 2 years. Efficacy and safety parameters were taken from prescribing information and published trials.

Use of the SF-36v2 Health Survey as a Screen for Risk of Major Depressive Disorder in a US Population-based Sample and Subgroup With Chronic Pain.

Study Objectives: To assess the feasibility of using the SF-36v2 mental health (MH) and mental component summary (MCS) scores for classification of risk for major depressive disorder (MDD), and to determine cut-off scores based on the sensitivity and specificity in a general US representative sample, and a chronic pain subpopulation.

Methods: Data were analyzed from the 2013 US National Health and Wellness Survey (adults 18 y old and above; N=75,000), and among a chronic pain subpopulation (n=6679). Risk of MDD was a score ≥10 on the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9).

The societal burden of chronic pain in Japan: an internet survey.

Objectives: Chronic pain affects between 10-20 % of the population of Japan and several specific types of chronic pain have been found to be associated with worse health outcomes. The aim of the current study was to investigate the economic burden of chronic pain as well as the health status among Japanese patients.

Methods: Data from the Japan National Health and Wellness Survey (NHWS), a cross-sectional health survey of adults, were used (N = 30,000).

The burden of insomnia in Japan.

Objectives: Several studies have suggested that patients who experience insomnia report a number of significant impairments. However, despite this literature, fewer studies have focused on the burden of insomnia among patients in Japan. The objective of the current study is to extend this work in Japan to further understand the effect of insomnia on health-related quality of life (hrQOL).

Patient preferences and treatment adherence among women diagnosed with metastatic breast cancer.

Background: Given the various profiles (eg, oral vs intravenous administration, risk of hot flashes vs fatigue) of treatment options (eg, endocrine therapy, chemotherapy) for metastatic breast cancer (mBC), how patients value these attributes of their medications has implications on making treatment decisions and on adherence.

Objectives: To understand how patients trade off medication side effects with improved effectiveness and/or quality of life, to provide estimates of nonadherence among women with mBC, and to quantify the association of medication nonadherence with health outcomes.

Methods: The study was a cross-sectional, Internet-based survey of 181 women diagnosed with mBC who were recruited from cancer-specific online panels (response rate, 7%).

Prevalence of pain reporting and associated health outcomes across emerging markets and developed countries.

Objective: The current study represents the first broad, multi-country, population-based survey of pain, assessing the association between pain and health outcomes, plus comparing the burden of pain across emerging and developed countries.

Design: Data from the 2011/2012 National Health and Wellness Surveys were used. Respondents reporting pain (neuropathic pain, fibromyalgia, back pain, surgery pain, and/or arthritis pain) vs no pain in emerging (Brazil, China, Russia) vs developed (European Union, Japan, United States) countries were compared on sociodemographic characteristics and measures of quality of life (SF-12v2 and SF-36v2), work productivity and activity impairment, and health care resource use.

Impact of middle-of-the-night awakenings on health status, activity impairment, and costs.

Study Objectives: Middle-of-the-night (MOTN) awakenings with difficulty returning to sleep are among the most common symptoms of insomnia. Despite the epidemiological studies that have been conducted, there is a lack of data on the impact of MOTN awakenings on health status and socioeconomic indicators in comparison with other insomnia symptoms.

Methods: Data were analyzed from the 2011 US National Health and Wellness Survey (adults ≥18 years old; N=60,783), which asked respondents whether they had experienced specific symptoms of insomnia (ie, MOTN awakenings, difficulty falling asleep, waking several times, waking up too early, or poor quality of sleep).

The Patient-Related Burden of Pegylated-Interferon-α Therapy and Adverse Events among Patients with Viral Hepatitis C in Japan.

Objectives: Pegylated-interferon-α (IFN-α)-based therapies for viral hepatitis C (HCV) are effective, but they are associated with several adverse events (AEs). The primary objectives of this study were to quantify the burden of IFN-α-based treatment and to measure the prevalence and burden of IFN-α-related AEs in Japan.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was administered online to patients with HCV in 2013.

Quantifying the burden of informal caregiving for patients with cancer in Europe.

Purpose: Informal caregivers for patients with cancer provide critical emotional and instrumental support, but this role can cause substantial burden. This study expands our understanding of cancer-related caregiving burden in Europe.

Methods: Caregivers (n = 1,713) for patients with cancer and non-caregivers (n = 103,868) were identified through the 2010 and 2011 European Union National Health and Wellness Survey, administered via the Internet to adult populations in France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom.

Multicountry burden of chronic hepatitis C viral infection among those aware of their diagnosis: a patient survey.

Background: The World Health Organization has called for global and regional assessments of the burden of hepatitis C (HCV) along with country-specific patient profiles to better inform healthcare policy. The present investigated the characteristics and burden of patients reporting a diagnosis of HCV infection in the US, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, the UK, urban China, and Japan using a consistent methodology of patient-reported surveys.

Methods: The 2010 5EU (N = 57,805), 2009 US (N = 75,000), 2008/2009 Japan (N = 37,683), and 2009/2010 urban China (N = 33,261) waves of the National Health and Wellness Survey were used as the data source.

Burden of peripheral arterial disease in Europe and the United States: a patient survey.

Background: The aim of the current study was to quantify the burden of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) with respect to health-related quality of life, work productivity and activity impairment, and healthcare resource utilization.

Methods: Data were obtained from the 2010 EU National Health and Wellness Survey (NHWS), which included participants from France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and the UK (5 EU, N = 57,805) as well as the 2010 US NHWS (N = 75,000). The NHWS is an annual, cross-sectional, self-administered Internet survey which employs a stratified random sampling frame to match the age and gender characteristics of the NHWS sample with known population statistics.

The impact of menopausal symptoms on quality of life, productivity, and economic outcomes.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of menopausal symptoms and menopausal symptom severity on health-related quality of life (HRQoL), work impairment, healthcare utilization, and costs.

Methods: Data from the 2005 United States National Health and Wellness Survey were used, with only women 40-64 years without a history of cancer included in the analyses (N=8,811). Women who reported experiencing menopausal symptoms (n=4,116) were compared with women not experiencing menopausal symptoms (n=4,695) on HRQoL, work impairment, and healthcare utilization using regression modeling (and controlling for demographics and health characteristic differences).

Burden of vasomotor symptoms in France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom.

Background: Several studies have documented a significant association between vasomotor symptoms (VMS) and a decrement in health outcomes among postmenopausal women, but these studies have mostly focused on the US. The aim of the current study was to broaden this investigation by examining the burden of VMS symptoms in the European Union with respect to both humanistic and economic outcomes.

Methods: All women aged 40-75 years who completed the 2010 5EU (France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and the UK) National Health and Wellness Survey were identified as potential respondents and invited to participate in an additional cross-sectional, Internet-based survey.

The effect of gout on health-related quality of life, work productivity, resource use and clinical outcomes among patients with hypertension.

Although gout has been found to be associated with health-related quality of life (HRQoL), few studies have examined the burden of gout in the presence of concomitant cardiometabolic conditions. The present study evaluated the effect of gout on HRQoL and work productivity among patients with hypertension. Data from the 2010 National Health and Wellness Survey were obtained for respondents ≥18 years of age who had self-reported, physician-diagnosed hypertension or blood pressure levels ≥140/90 mmHg (≥130/80 mmHg for those with physician-diagnosed diabetes or chronic kidney disease).

Patient characteristics, treatment patterns, and health outcomes among COPD phenotypes.

Background: Recent literature has suggested that emphysema and chronic bronchitis, traditionally considered to be entities overlapping within chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), may be distinct disorders. Few studies have examined the differences in patient characteristics and health outcomes between these conditions. This study examined whether COPD phenotypes represent distinct patient populations, in a large nationally representative US sample.

Burden of constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-C) in France, Italy, and the United Kingdom.

Background: Several studies have examined the effect of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) on health outcomes in Western Europe, but less research has focused on the constipation subtype (IBS-C). The current study addresses this gap by comparing patients with IBS-C and matched controls for health status, work productivity, and resource utilization.

Methods: Data were obtained from the 2010 5EU National Health and Wellness Survey (NHWS), which includes respondents from France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and the UK.

Burden of comorbidities among patients with atrial fibrillation.

Objective: This study examined comorbidity prevalence and general medication use among individuals with atrial fibrillation in the United States to convey a more comprehensive picture of their total disease burden.

Methods: This was a retrospective, observational evaluation of responses to the 2009 wave of the annual Internet-based National Health and Wellness survey, which collects health data including epidemiologic data and information on medical treatment from a representative nationwide sample of adults in the United States. Responses were assessed to determine three measures of comorbidity: mean number of comorbidities, CHADS2 score reflecting stroke risk (0-6 points; low risk: 0; moderate risk: 1; high risk: ≥ 2), and scores on the Charlson Comorbidity Index, which is a measure of general comorbidity reflecting presence of a wide range of comorbidities.

Burden of gastrointestinal disease in the United States: 2012 update.

Background & Aims: Gastrointestinal (GI) diseases account for substantial morbidity, mortality, and cost. Statistical analyses of the most recent data are necessary to guide GI research, education, and clinical practice. We estimate the burden of GI disease in the United States.

The burden of viral hepatitis C in Europe: a propensity analysis of patient outcomes.

Objective: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) affects 170 million patients worldwide and is the leading cause of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The aim of the current study is to examine the burden of HCV in the European Union (EU) from a patient perspective.

Methods: Using data from the 2010 EU National Health and Wellness Survey, patients who reported a diagnosis of HCV (n=332) were compared with a propensity-score-matched non-HCV control group (n=332) on measures of quality of life (using the SF-12v2), work productivity, and healthcare resource utilization in the past 6 months.

The burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among employed adults.

Objective: To examine quality of life, work productivity, and health care resource use among employed adults ages 40-64 years with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in the United States.

Methods: Data from the 2009 National Health and Wellness Survey were used. All employed adults ages 40-64 years with or without a self-reported diagnosis of COPD were included in the study.

Incorporating indirect costs into a cost-benefit analysis of laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the time to breakeven and 5-year net costs of laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) taking both direct and indirect costs and cost savings into account.

Methods: Estimates of direct cost savings from LAGB were available from the literature. Although longitudinal data on indirect cost savings were not available, these estimates were generated by quantifying the relationship between medical expenditures and absenteeism and between medical expenditures and presenteeism (reduced on-the-job productivity) and combining these elasticity estimates with estimates of the direct cost savings to generate total savings.

Impact of self-rated osteoarthritis severity in an employed population: cross-sectional analysis of data from the national health and wellness survey.

Background: Although osteoarthritis (OA) often affects older persons, it has a profound effect on individuals actively employed. Despite reports of reduced productivity among workers with OA, data are limited regarding the impact of OA among workers. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of self-rated OA severity on quality of life, healthcare resource utilization, productivity and costs in an employed population relative to employed individuals without OA.