Type 1 serrated polyposis represents a predominantly female disease with a high prevalence of dysplastic serrated adenomas, without germline mutation in MUTYH, APC, and PTEN genes.

Aim: The aim of this article is to clarify the epidemiologic, clinical, endoscopic, biological and genetic characteristics of type 1 serrated polyposis patients.

Patients And Methods: Consecutive patients responding to the WHO definition of type 1 serrated polyposis in one reference center for polyposis patients accepted genetic counseling. Detailed data on previous endoscopies, histology, and life habits were recorded, after informed consent, germline analysis of MUTYH, APC, and PTEN germline mutations.

High-pressure jet injection of viscous solutions for endoscopic submucosal dissection: a study on ex vivo pig stomachs.

Background: Long-lasting lifting is a key factor during endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) and can be obtained by water-jet injection of saline solution or by injection of viscous macromolecular solutions. Combination of the jet injection and the macromolecular viscous solutions has never been used yet. We assessed the ability of a new water-jet system to inject viscous solutions in direct viewing and in retroflexion.

Genomic analysis of single cytokeratin-positive cells from bone marrow reveals early mutational events in breast cancer.

Chromosomal instability in human breast cancer is known to take place before mammary neoplasias display morphological signs of invasion. We describe here the unexpected finding of a tumor cell population with normal karyotypes isolated from bone marrow of breast cancer patients. By analyzing the same single cells for chromosomal aberrations, subchromosomal allelic losses, and gene amplifications, we confirmed their malignant origin and delineated the sequence of genomic events during breast cancer progression.

Genetic heterogeneity of single disseminated tumour cells in minimal residual cancer.

Background: Because cancer patients with small tumours often relapse despite local and systemic treatment, we investigated the genetic variation of the precursors of distant metastasis at the stage of minimal residual disease. Disseminated tumour cells can be detected by epithelial markers in mesenchymal tissues and represent targets for adjuvant therapies.

Methods: We screened 525 bone-marrow, blood, and lymph-node samples from 474 patients with breast, prostate, and gastrointestinal cancers for single disseminated cancer cells by immunocytochemistry with epithelial-specific markers.