Evaluation of Extract for Xanthine Oxidase Inhibition and Serum Uric Acid Reduction in a Hyperuricemic Mouse Model.

: Current urate-lowering therapies may cause serious side effects in patients. Thus, alternative treatments are needed to regulate uric acid (UA) levels in patients with hyperuricemia associated with kidney injury, and natural antioxidant sources have demonstrated utility in this field. For the first time, our study evaluated the effects of an extract of insects on the levels of xanthine oxidase (XO) enzymes and synthetic free radicals in vitro and in vivo.

Acid-catalyzed transformation of orange waste into furfural: the effect of pectin degree of esterification.

The transformation of biomasses from agro-industrial waste can significantly impact the production of green chemicals from sustainable resources. Pectin is a biopolymer present in lignocellulosic biomass as Orange Peel Waste (OPW) and has possibilities for making platform compounds such as furfural for sustainable chemistry. In this work, we studied the transformation to furfural of OPW, pectins, and D-galacturonic acid (D-GalA), which is the main component (65 wt%) of pectin.

Interactions of with and (Hemiptera: Dactylopiidae) through the Study of Their Volatile Compounds.

has always interacted with many phytophagous insects; two of them are and . Fine cochineal () is produced to extract carminic acid, and , or wild cochineal, is an invasive pest of in more than 20 countries around the world. Despite the economic and environmental relevance of this cactus, , and , there are few studies that have explored volatile organic compounds (VOCs) derived from the plant-insect interaction.

[Cockerell] Could Be a Source of Antioxidants for the Preservation of Beef Patties.

is an insect pest that contains at least carminic acid, which has antioxidant properties. Since there is a relationship between the antioxidant ability and preservative action of compounds applied to meat products, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity and usefulness of a extract for beef patty preservation. The insects were bred and processed to obtain a liquid extract.

Anti-Inflammatory and Antinociceptive Activities of the Essential Oil of A. Gray (Asteraceae) and Verbenone.

is a plant empirically used to treat gastrointestinal and inflammatory diseases, its essential oil (EOTP) was obtained from the aerial parts, and the composition was elucidated by GC-MS. The in vivo and in vitro anti-inflammatory activities and the antinociceptive activity of EOTP and (1)-(-)-verbenone (VERB) were assessed. The major compounds identified for EOTP were verbenone (33.

Volatilome and Essential Oil of : A Broad-Spectrum Medical Insect.

are used as a broad-spectrum medical insect in the alternative treatment of various diseases. Preliminary volatilome studies carried out to date have shown, as the main components, methyl-1,4-benzoquinone, ethyl-1,4-benzoquinone, 1-tridecene, 1-pentadecene, and limonene. This work focused on the production of metabolites and their metabolic variations in under stress conditions to provide additional valuable information to help better understand the broad-spectrum medical uses.

Nucleus-Independent Chemical Shift (NICS) as a Criterion for the Design of New Antifungal Benzofuranones.

The assertion made by Wu et al. that aromaticity may have considerable implications for molecular design motivated us to use nucleus-independent chemical shifts (NICS) as an aromaticity criterion to evaluate the antifungal activity of two series of indol-4-ones. A linear regression analysis of NICS and antifungal activity showed that both tested variables were significantly related ( < 0.

Analysis of Volatile Molecules Present in the Secretome of the Fungal Pathogen .

, and are the four most common human fungal pathogens isolated that can cause superficial and invasive infections. It has been shown that specific metabolites present in the secretomes of these fungal pathogens are important for their virulence. is the second most common isolate world-wide and has an innate resistance to azoles, xenobiotics and oxidative stress that allows this fungal pathogen to evade the immune response and persist within the host.

Anti-inflammatory and antitumor activities of the chloroform extract and anti-inflammatory effect of the three diterpenes isolated from Salvia ballotiflora Benth.

Background: Drugs used for the treatment of diseases associated with chronic inflammation, such as cancer and rheumatoid arthritis have the potential to cause undesirable side-effects, which might result in patients ending treatment prematurely. However, plants are a viable option for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. In this study, we assessed the in vivo and in vitro anti-inflammatory activity, and the antitumor effects of the chloroform extract of Salvia ballotiflora (ECL).

Quantification of pyrazinamide, isoniazid, acetyl-isoniazid, and rifampicin by a high-performance liquid chromatography method in human plasma from patients with tuberculosis.

The aim of this study was to establish and validate an alternative high-performance liquid chromatography method for simultaneous quantification of pyrazinamide, isoniazid, acetyl-isoniazid and rifampicin in plasma of patients under treatment for tuberculosis. The performed method was lineal (r > 0.99) in the range of 2.

Antidiarrheal, vasorelaxant, and neuropharmacological actions of the diterpene tilifodiolide.

Salvia tiliifolia is used in folk medicine as a relaxant agent and for the treatment of diarrhea and neurodegenerative diseases. Tilifodiolide (TFD) is a diterpene obtained from this plant. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the antidiarrheal, vasorelaxant, and neuropharmacological actions of TFD.

Anti-inflammatory and diuretic effects of the diterpene ent-dihydrotucumanoic acid.

Gymnosperma glutinosum (Spreng) Less (Asteraceae) is a shrub used in traditional medicine for the treatment of inflammatory and renal diseases. The ent-dihydrotucumanoic acid (DTA) is a diterpene obtained from G. glutinosum.

Anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects of tilifodiolide, isolated from Salvia tiliifolia Vahl (Lamiaceae).

Salvia tiliifolia Vahl (Lamiaceae) is used for the empirical treatment of pain and inflammation. The diterpenoid tilifodiolide (TFD) was isolated from Salvia tiliifolia. The in vitro anti-inflammatory effects of TFD (0.

Chemical characterization, pharmacological effects, and toxicity of an ethanol extract of Celtis pallida Torr. (Cannabaceae) aerial parts.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Celtis pallida Torr (Cannabaceae) is employed as a folk medicine for the treatment of inflammation, pain, skin infections, and diarrhea, among other diseases.

Aim Of The Study: The purpose of this work was to assess the chemical composition, the in vitro and in vivo toxicity, the antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antidiarrheal, antinociceptive, locomotor, and sedative effects of an ethanolic extract obtained from Celtis pallida aerial parts (CPE).

Materials And Methods: The composition of CPE was carried out by GC-MS.

Antinociceptive Activity of Ent-Dihydrotucumanoic Acid Isolated from Gymnosperma glutinosum Spreng Less.

Preclinical Research The diterpene ent-dihydrotumanoic acid (DTA) was among the compounds isolated from Gymnosperma glutinosum (Spreng) Less (Asteraceae). There are no reports regarding the pharmacological effects of DTA. Cytotoxicity against cancer cells (1-250 µM), and the antibacterial (50-1400 µM) activity of DTA were evaluated using the MTT assay, and the minimum inhibitory concentration test, respectively.

Anti-inflammatory activity of standardized dichloromethane extract of Salvia connivens on macrophages stimulated by LPS.

Context: A previous study demonstrated that the chloroform extract of Salvia connivens Epling (Lamiaceae) has anti-inflammatory activity.

Objective: Identification of the active components in the dicholorometane extract (DESC), and, standardization of the extract based in ursolic acid.

Material And Methods: DESC was prepared by percolation with dichlromethane and after washed with hot hexane, its composition was determined by CG-MS and NMR, and standardized by HPLC.

Theoretical Reactivity Study of Indol-4-Ones and Their Correlation with Antifungal Activity.

Chemical reactivity descriptors of indol-4-ones obtained via density functional theory (DFT) and hard-soft acid-base (HSAB) principle were calculated to prove their contribution in antifungal activity [...

Pharmacological evaluation of 2-angeloyl ent-dihydrotucumanoic acid.

Context: Gymnosperma glutinosum (Spreng.) Less. (Asteraceae) is a bush used for the empirical treatment of pain, fever, and cancer.

Pharmacological effects and toxicity of Costus pulverulentus C. Presl (Costaceae).

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Costus pulverulentus C. Presl (Costaceae), a species endemic to Mexico, is used for the empirical treatment of cancer, pain, and inflammation.

Aim Of The Study: The objective of this study was to evaluate the toxicity, as well as the cytotoxic, antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and sedative effects of an ethanol extract from Costus pulverulentus stem (CPE).

Composition of the Essential Oil of Salvia ballotiflora (Lamiaceae) and Its Insecticidal Activity.

Essential oils can be used as an alternative to using synthetic insecticides for pest management. Therefore, the insectistatic and insecticidal activities of the essential oil of aerial parts of Salvia ballotiflora (Lamiaceae) were tested against the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). The results demonstrated insecticidal and insectistatical activities against this insect pest with concentrations at 80 µg·mL(-1) resulting in 20% larval viability and 10% pupal viability.

De novo design of non-coordinating indolones as potential inhibitors for lanosterol 14-α-demethylase (CYP51).

The development of antifungal drugs that inhibit lanosterol 14-α-demethylase (CYP51) via non-covalent ligand interactions is a strategy that is gaining importance. A series of novel tetraindol-4-one derivatives with 1- and 2-(2,4-substituted phenyl) side chains were designed and synthesized based on the structure of CYP51 and fluconazole. The antifungal activities of these derivatives against eight human pathogenic filamentous fungi and yeast strains were evaluated in vitro by measuring the minimal inhibitory concentrations.

Dibenzo[1,2,5]thiadiazepines are non-competitive GABAA receptor antagonists.

A new process for obtaining dibenzo[c,f][1,2,5]thiadiazepines (DBTDs) and their effects on GABA(A) receptors of guinea pig myenteric neurons are described. Synthesis of DBTD derivatives began with two commercial aromatic compounds. An azide group was obtained after two sequential reactions, and the central ring was closed via a nitrene to obtain the tricyclic sulfonamides (DBTDs).

Study of enzymatic hydrolysis of fructans from Agave salmiana characterization and kinetic assessment.

Fructans were extracted from Agave salmiana juice, characterized and subjected to hydrolysis process using a commercial inulinase preparation acting freely. To compare the performance of the enzymatic preparation, a batch of experiments were also conducted with chicory inulin (reference). Hydrolysis was performed for 6 h at two temperatures (50, 60 °C) and two substrate concentrations (40, 60 mg/ml).

Bioactivity of Carica papaya (Caricaceae) against Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).

The composition of a chloroform seed extract of C. papaya was determined by GC-MS. Nineteen compounds were identified, with oleic (45.

Fungicidal properties of the essential oil of Hesperozygis marifolia on Aspergillus flavus link.

The chemical composition of the essential oil from Hesperozygis marifolia was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and fourteen compounds were identified. (R)-pulegone (40.75%), isomenthone (30.