Anchoring Bias, Lyme Disease, and the Diagnosis Conundrum.

Lyme disease remains the most common vector-borne disease in North America. This academic teaching case highlights a full diagnostic workup fueled by anchoring bias, resulting in a presumptive diagnosis of early disseminated Lyme meningitis. Patient report of direct tick exposure, neurocranial defects, and equivocal serologies, despite geographic region of low pretest probability, confounded the clinical picture.

Impact of antiretroviral therapy on clinical outcomes in HIV kidney transplant recipients: Review of 58 cases.

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) poses challenging drug-drug interactions with immunosuppressant agents in transplant recipients.  We aimed to determine the impact of specific antiretroviral regimens in clinical outcomes of HIV kidney transplant recipients.  A single-center, retrospective cohort study was conducted at a large academic center.

Influence of immune activation on the risk of allograft rejection in human immunodeficiency virus-infected kidney transplant recipients.

Background: HIV infection is associated with high rates of acute rejection following kidney transplantation. The underlying mechanisms for such predisposition are incompletely understood. Pathological immune activation is a hallmark of chronic HIV infection that persists despite effective antiretroviral therapy.

Adverse Drug Reactions to Antiretroviral Therapy in HIV-Infected Patients at the Largest Public Hospital in Nicaragua.

Objective: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) to antiretroviral therapy (ART) are an important cause of hospitalization, treatment discontinuation, and regimen changes in both developed and developing countries. This study is the first to examine and understand ADRs in HIV-infected patients in Nicaragua.

Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted from May 2010 to March 2011, in a cohort of HIV-infected patients receiving ART at the largest public hospital in Managua, Nicaragua.