The impact of pre-operative cholecystostomy on laparoscopic excision of choledochal cyst in paediatric patients.

Purpose: This aim of this study was to identify the pre-operative risk factors for conversion during laparoscopic excision of choledochal cyst in paediatric patients.

Methods: A retrospective single-centre study was carried out. All paediatric patients (< 18 years) who had undergone laparoscopic excision of choledochal cyst between 2004 and 2021 were reviewed.

Analysing Factors Prolonging Hospital Stay After Excision of Choledochal Cyst-A Pathway Towards Enhanced Recovery After Surgery.

Background: To evaluate factors affecting length of stay (LOS) after choledochal cyst resection in paediatric patients.

Methods: This was a retrospective study on patients operated between 2004 and 2021. Associations between clinical factors and LOS were evaluated by bivariate analysis, multiple regression, and equivalence test.

Virtual reality and augmented reality- emerging screening and diagnostic techniques in ophthalmology: A systematic review.

In health care, virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) have been applied extensively for many purposes. Similar to other technologies such as telemedicine and artificial intelligence, VR and AR may improve clinical diagnosis and screening services in ophthalmology by alleviating current problems, including workforce shortage, diagnostic error, and underdiagnosis. In the past decade a number of studies and products have used VR and AR concepts to build clinical tests for ophthalmology, but comprehensive reviews on these studies are limited.