The Contribution of Muscle Innate Immunity to Uremic Cachexia.

Protein energy wasting (PEW) is a common complication both in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). Of note, PEW is one of the stronger predictors of morbidity and mortality in this patient population. The pathogenesis of PEW involves several mechanisms, including anorexia, insulin resistance, acidosis and low-grade inflammation.

MicroRNAs differential expression profile in metastatic colorectal cancer: A pilot study with literature review.

Background And Objectives: Colorectal cancer is still one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide and specific tools to improve disease assessment and treatment response are advocated. The aim of this study was to analyze miRNAs expression in metastatic and non-metastatic colorectal cancer, in order to identify reliable biomarkers suitable for prognosis, treatment and patient's monitoring.

Material And Methods: Among 25 patients (mean age 71 ± 12 years; Female/Male: 12/13) submitted to laparoscopic colorectal resection between August 2017 and February 2019, miRNAs were extracted from fresh frozen tissues of solid tumors.

Infections in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

Background/aim: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are a group of conditions characterized by chronic inflammation of all or part of the digestive tract and primarily includes Ulcerative Colitis (UC) and Crohn's Disease (CD). This review has as target to summarize the complicated correlation between IBD and infections, which can affect patients' quality of life and increase substantially morbidity and mortality rates.

Results: Scientific evidence in recent years shows a growing recognition of the phenomenon although the association between these two aspects is not definitively clear.

Elective surgery for ulcerative colitis, ileo-rectal anastomosis or restorative proctocolectomy An Update.

Background: Despite advances in the medical management of Ulcerative Colitis (UC), surgery is required in about a third of patients.

Aims And Methods: A review of the literature of the last 20 years was conducted in order to analyze the results of Ileo-Rectal Anastomosis (IRA) and of Ileal Pouch-Anal Anastomosis (IPAA) in the treatment of mild-to-moderate UC. Postoperative complications, functional results and the risk of cancer were analyzed in each of the two groups of patients.

Surgical management of acute diverticulitis. An update based on our experience and literature data.

Background: The treatment of acute diverticulitis is a matter of debate and has undergone significant changes. Currently the main focus of surgical treatment is a more conservative and less invasive management.

Aims And Methods: To focus the role of surgery in the treatment of acute diverticulitis, the Authors have conducted a review of the literature of the last two decades and have revised critically their own experience.

Crohn's disease and postoperative recurrence. The role of anastomotic configurations and the kono-s anastomosis.

Background: The observation that in more than 90% of Crohn's disease patients the postoperative recurrences are located in the pre-anastomotic tract leads us to suppose that the anastomosis would play a role in the appearance of recurrences.

Aim And Methods: To focus the role of different anastomotic configurations in the incidence of recurrences, the Authors have conducted a review of the literature of the last two decades and have revised critically their experience.

Results: The rate of recurrences seem to be lower in patients in whom the anastomotic configuration is such as to present a wide lumen; it seems that they are lower after stapled side-to-side anastomosis.

Adenocarcinoma Arising from Perianal Fistulizing Crohn's Disease.

Perianal fistula is a very debilitating event and a cause of morbidity in patients with Crohn's disease (CD). Its malignant transformation is very rare with an incidence of around 0.004-0.

Laparoscopic "double-port" splenectomy. A new minimally-invasive option in a giant spleen.

Introduction: In case of massive splenomegaly, laparoscopic splenectomy (LS) becomes challenging, uncomfortable and risky both for the surgeon and for the patient. As a consequence of ongoing research to obtain efficient and cheaper "scarless surgery", single-port technique and hand-assisted devices were developed and improved in this field.

Presentation Of Case: We present the clinical case of a patient affected by idiopathic myelofibrosis (MF) and splenomegaly who was admitted to our Department to perform a splenectomy for a suspected 5-cm splenic lesion.

SECCA procedure for anal incontinence and antibiotic treatment: a case report of anal abscess.

Background: Fecal Incontinence (FI) can seriously affect quality of life. The treatment of fecal incontinence starts conservatively but in case of failure, different surgical approaches may be proposed to the patient. Recently several not invasive approaches have been developed.

Primary lymphoma of appendix presenting as acute appendicitis: A case report.

Introduction: Primary lymphomas of appendix are extremely rare tumors. The incidence is 0.015% of all gastrointestinal lymphomas.

Peritoneal carcinomatosis-like implants of extramedullary hematopoiesis. An insolite occurrence during splenectomy for myelofibrosis.

Introduction: Primary myelofibrosis (MF) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm that results in debilitating constitutional symptoms, splenomegaly, and cytopenias. In patients with symptomatic splenomegaly, splenectomy remains a viable treatment option for MF patients with medically refractory symptomatic splenomegaly that precludes the use of ruxolitinib.

Case Presentation: We present the clinical case of a patient who was admitted to our Department to perform a splenectomy in MF as a therapeutic step prior to an allogeneic stem cell transplantation (ASCT).

Radiofrequency Procedure (SECCA®) for Fecal Incontinence: One-Year Experience.

Introduction: Radiofrequency is a treatment option for patients suffering from fecal incontinence.

Objective: To assess the one-year follow-up results following the radiofrequency procedure for fecal incontinence.

Design: Prospective, single-center, observational study.

Splenectomy for E. coli abscess: A case report with a difficult preoperative diagnosis and unclear pathogenesis.

Introduction: Isolated splenic abscess is a rare clinical condition and remains a diagnostic dilemma. Clinical presentation is non-specific and the diagnosis is often delayed. Ultrasonography and CT scan are the gold standard.

Stapled Mesh Reinforcement Technique (SMART) to Prevent Parastomal Hernias: Our Initial Experience and Review of the Literature.

Parastomal hernia is one of the most common stoma related complication, with the correlated risk of incarceration, obstruction, and strangulation. The incidence is high (30-50%) and depends on the length of follow up. Different surgical options for repairing are defective with a 25-70% failure and recurrence rate.

Extra-abdominal fibromatosis: Clinical and therapeutic considerations based on an illustrative case.

Extra-abdominal fibromatosis is a rare, benign disease that is characterized by a local but not metastatic invasivity. In particular, desmoid tumors of the chest wall represent only 10-20% of all deep fibromatoses. The disease occurs more often in females and has a higher incidence between puberty and the fourth decade of life.

The SIC-GIRCG 2013 Consensus Conference on Gastric Cancer.

The topic chosen by the Board of the Italian Society of Surgery for the 2013 annual Consensus Conference was gastric cancer. With this purpose, under the direction of 2 chairmen, 36 experts nominated by the Regional Societies of Surgery and by the Italian Research Group for Gastric Cancer (GIRCG) participated in an experts consensus exercise, preceded by a questionnaire and mainly held by telematic vote, in accordance with the rules of the Delphi method. The results of this Consensus Conference, presented to the 115th National Congress of the Italian Society of Surgery, and approved in plenary session, are reported in the present paper.

A multidisciplinary approach to short bowel syndrome.

Short bowel syndrome is a complex clinical picture, characterized by signs and symptoms of malabsorption and subsequent malnutrition, which often occurs after extensive bowel resections. Short bowel syndrome's treatment must begin together with the planning of the first surgery, especially for disease that may need multiple interventions. Patients with short bowel should be individually managed because they all are different in diagnosis, length of the remaining bowel and in psychosocial characteristics.

Laparoscopic bridging vs. anatomic open reconstruction for midline abdominal hernia mesh repair [LABOR]: single-blinded, multicenter, randomized, controlled trial on long-term functional results.

Background: Re-approximation of the rectal muscles along the midline is recommended by some groups as a rule for incisional and ventral hernia repairs. The introduction of laparoscopic repair has generated a debate because it is not aimed at restoring abdominal wall integrity but instead aims just to bridge the defect. Whether restoration of the abdominal integrity has a real impact on patient mobility is questionable, and the available literature provides no definitive answer.

Mesh versus direct suture for the repair of umbilical and epigastric hernias. Ten-year experience.

Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate outcomes of mesh versus primary suture procedures for repair of anterior abdominal wall midline hernias.

Results: Between 1995 and 2005, 98 patients (46 males) underwent repair of umbilical (69 cases) or epigastric (29 cases) hernias. Primary suture of the defect was performed in 34 cases (group 1).

[Chron's disease and cancer].

Introduction: The patients with Crohn's disease (CD) have a greater risk of gastrointestinal and hemopoietic cancers compared with background population. Identify groups of people affected by CD with exposition to factors that play a role in the development of cancer could be useful to plan correct diagnostic and therapeutic methods.

Methods: A reaserch on "pubmed" with "Risk factors for cancer in patients with Crohn's disease", "Cancer and Crohn's disease" Crohn's disease and cancer risk" as key-words was conducted.