The Large ARtery Intracranial Occlusion Stroke Scale: A New Tool With High Accuracy in Predicting Large Vessel Occlusion.

The combination of systemic thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy is indicated in patients with ischemic stroke due to a large vessel occlusion (LVO) and these treatments are time-dependent. Rapid identification of patients with suspected LVO also in a prehospital setting could influence the choice of the destination hospital. Aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the predictive role of a new stroke scale for LVO, comparing it to other scores.

Infections and Chlamydia pneumoniae antibodies influence the functional outcome in thrombolysed strokes.

Objective: Thrombolysis is effective in ischemic stroke patients, but some factors influence its benefit. Previous infections could increase the risk of ischemic stroke by an activation of systemic inflammation. We analysed the influence of previous infections and Chlamydia pneumoniae serology on functional outcome in thrombolysed stroke patients.

Short-term air pollution exposure and cardiovascular events: A 10-year study in the urban area of Como, Italy.

Background: In the last years several studies have investigated the effects of some air pollutants on cardiovascular diseases (CVD), but the results are not conclusive. Aim of this study was to investigate the association between short-term exposure to ambient air pollution and CVD events in a long-term observational period.

Methods: All CVD events (myocardial infarction - MI and ischemic stroke - IS) which occurred in residents of Como between January 2005 and December 2014 were included.

Early Carotid Occlusion After Endarterectomy in a Patient With a Mutation for MTHFR A1298C Polymorphism.

Introduction: Significant carotid stenosis is a well-documented risk factor for ischemic stroke. Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) and carotid artery stenting are effective procedures for the prevention of stroke in patients with this disease. However, the occurrence of restenosis could contribute to an increase in the risk of ischemic stroke.

Postischemic Inflammation in Acute Stroke.

Cerebral ischemia is caused by arterial occlusion due to a thrombus or an embolus. Such occlusion induces multiple and concomitant pathophysiological processes that involve bioenergetic failure, acidosis, loss of cell homeostasis, excitotoxicity, and disruption of the blood-brain barrier. All of these mechanisms contribute to neuronal death, mainly via apoptosis or necrosis.

Clinical Pregenetic Screening for Stroke Monogenic Diseases: Results From Lombardia GENS Registry.

Background And Purpose: Lombardia GENS is a multicentre prospective study aimed at diagnosing 5 single-gene disorders associated with stroke (cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy, Fabry disease, MELAS [mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes], hereditary cerebral amyloid angiopathy, and Marfan syndrome) by applying diagnostic algorithms specific for each clinically suspected disease

Methods: We enrolled a consecutive series of patients with ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke or transient ischemic attack admitted in stroke units in the Lombardia region participating in the project. Patients were defined as probable when presenting with stroke or transient ischemic attack of unknown etiopathogenic causes, or in the presence of <3 conventional vascular risk factors or young age at onset, or positive familial history or of specific clinical features. Patients fulfilling diagnostic algorithms specific for each monogenic disease (suspected) were referred for genetic analysis.

Reducing time delays in the management of ischemic stroke patients in Northern Italy.

Background And Purpose: Thrombolysis represents the best therapy for ischemic stroke but the main limitation of its administration is time. The avoidable delay is a concept reflecting the effectiveness of management pathway. For this reason, we projected a study concerning the detection of main delays with following introduction of corrective factors.

Non-convulsive status epilepticus after ischemic stroke: a hospital-based stroke cohort study.

To evaluate in the setting of a stroke unit ward the usefulness of a prolonged (>6 h) video-EEG recording (PVEEG) in identifying non-convulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) in patients with an acute ischemic stroke. Predictors of NCSE were also evaluated. Patients with an acute ischemic stroke, referred to our unit, were included in this prospective observational study.

Neurophysiological findings in a newborn with chromosome 10 trisomy.

The trisomy of the short arm of chromosome 10 is a rare condition. The phenotypic expression of this genetic aberration is characterised by growth and mental retardation with several neurological signs. We report the neurophysiological findings in a newborn affected by 10p chromosome trisomy who developed seizures.

Opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome associated with human herpes virus-6 rhomboencephalitis.

Opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome (OMS) is characterized by opsoclonus and arrhythmic-action myoclonus that predominantly involves the trunk, limbs, and head. Human herpes virus-6 (HHV-6) can rarely cause encephalitis in immunocompetent children and adults. Here we report on a case of OMS associated with HHV-6 rhomboencephalitis.

Atypical MRI features at early onset natalizumab-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: a case report.

We report the case of a woman with natalizumab-treated Multiple Sclerosis (MS) that developed progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) with atypical MRI features at early onset. This case shows that PML can have variable radiological patterns in natalizumab-treated MS patients thus expanding the possible MRI patterns at onset in these patients.

Time to hospital admission and start of treatment in patients with ischemic stroke in northern Italy and predictors of delay.

Background And Purpose: Early treatment (i.e. thrombolysis) is crucial for a successful care of ischemic stroke.

Intravenous lacosamide as treatment option in post-stroke non convulsive status epilepticus in the elderly: a proof-of-concept, observational study.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of intravenously administered lacosamide (iv LCM) in post-stroke non convulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) in elderly patients.

Methods: We enrolled 16 patients (7 M/9 F; 77 ± 7 years of age) with NCSE. iv LCM was used in all the patients as initial treatment (i.

Multilobed cystic dilation of the ventriculus terminalis (CDVT).

The cystic dilation of ventriculus terminalis (CDVT) is a rare anatomical variant in adulthood. In this report we describe a new case of an adult with multilobed CDVT, causing low-back pain and subjective disturbances in walking. A myelotomy with fenestration of the cyst was performed with a good clinical and radiological outcome.

Stroke management in northern Lombardy: organization of an emergency-urgency network and development of a connection between prehospital and in-hospital settings.

Stroke is the leading cause of disability in adulthood, and the principal aim of care in cerebrovascular disease is the reduction of this negative outcome and mortality. Several studies demonstrated the efficacy of thrombolytic therapy in ischemic stroke, but up to 80% of cases could not be treated because the diagnostic workup exceeds the time limit. In this article, we described the design of a study conducted in the northern Lombardy, within the district of Sondrio, Lecco, Como, and Varese.