Comparative analysis of gut microbiota in hormone-sensitive and castration-resistant prostate cancer in Japanese men.

Gut microbiota plays a crucial role in the development and progression of prostate cancer, with previous studies indicating that certain bacterial taxa are more abundant in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) compared to hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (HSPC). Notably, the composition of gut microbiota can vary significantly by geographic region, and Japanese individuals have a distinct microbial profile. However, research exploring these differences within Japanese populations remains limited.

Tumor growth for remodeling process: A 2D approach.

This paper aims to present a comprehensive framework for coupling tumor-bone remodeling processes in a 2-dimensional geometry. This is achieved by introducing a bio-inspired damage that represents the growing tumor, which subsequently affects the main populations involved in the remodeling process, namely, osteoclasts, osteoblasts, and bone tissue. The model is constructed using a set of differential equations based on the Komarova's and Ayati's models, modified to incorporate the bio-inspired damage that may result in tumor mass formation.

FGFR gene alterations in lung squamous cell carcinoma are potential targets for the multikinase inhibitor nintedanib.

Fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) gene alterations are relatively frequent in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) and are a potential targets for therapy with FGFR inhibitors. However, little is known regarding the clinicopathologic features associated with FGFR alterations. The angiokinase inhibitor nintedanib has shown promising activity in clinical trials for non-small cell lung cancer.

Carvedilol protects tubular epithelial cells from ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting oxidative stress.

Objectives: Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), leading to acute kidney injury, is a frequent complication with renal transplantation and it is associated with graft function. Its pathogenesis involves ischemia, vascular congestion and reactive oxygen metabolites. Carvedilol is an antihypertensive drug with potent anti-oxidant properties.