Decompressive craniectomy in the acute fulminant cerebral edema.

Acute fulminant cerebral edema is a type of rapidly progressive encephalitis that occurs in children and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. We present a clinical case with seizures, rapid neurological deterioration and the early appearance of cerebral herniation signs. Although the radiological tests were initially normal and there are no established parameters that predict the evolution of encephalitis to a rapidly progressive subtype, the clinical evolution forced to consider the decompressive craniectomy due to the lack of response to the medical management of the cerebral edema.

Endoplasmic reticulum regulation of glucose metabolism in glioma stem cells.

Glioblastoma (GBM) treatment is extremely challenging due to the high complexity of the tumor. It is one of the tumors in which a subpopulation of highly resistant glioma initiating cells (GICs) has been clearly identified. Thus, understanding the differences between GICs and tumor bulk cells is therefore essential to move to less conventional but more efficient approaches.

Refining Stereotaxic Neurosurgery Techniques and Welfare Assessment for Long-Term Intracerebroventricular Device Implantation in Rodents.

Stereotaxic surgeries enable precise access to specific brain regions, being of particular interest for chronic intracerebroventricular drug delivery. However, the challenge of long-term studies at this level is to allow the implantation of drug storage devices and their correct intrathecal connection while guaranteeing animal welfare during the entire study period. In this study, we propose an optimized method for safe intrathecal device implantation, focusing on preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative procedures, following the 3Rs principle and animal welfare regulations.

Risk Factors Associated With Inadequate Brain Relaxation in Craniotomy for Surgery of Supratentorial Tumors.

Introduction: Cerebral swelling often occurs during craniotomy for cerebral tumors. Poor brain relaxation can increase the risk of cerebral ischemia, possibly worsening the outcome. The surgical team should identify any risk factors that could cause perioperative brain swelling and decide which therapies are indicated for improving it.

Evaluation of Titanium Serum Levels in Patients After Spine Instrumentation: Comparison Between Posterolateral and 360º Spinal Fusion Surgery.

Introduction The use of orthopedic implants is a cause for concern for the release of its integrating metals and the systemic complications that may occur. Instrumented spine arthrodesis is the recommended treatment for many spine diseases. Different segmental fixation devices, commonly made of titanium and its alloys, are used in these surgeries.

Rosette-forming glioneuronal tumour of the fourth ventricle. Not always a foreseeable development.

Aim Of The Study: Rosette-forming glioneuronal tumour (RGNT) of the fourth ventricle is an uncommon tumour. The management is not consensual. Most of the published cases show stable outcome with and without gross total resection and are regarded as having a relatively indolent behaviour.

Long-Term Results of Deep Brain Stimulation of the Mamillotegmental Fasciculus in Chronic Cluster Headache.

Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) and the proper target for chronic cluster headache (CCH) are still subjects of controversy.

Objectives: We present our long-term results of analysis of the target and its structural connectivity.

Methods: Fifteen patients with drug-resistant CCH underwent DBS in coordinates 4 mm lateral to the III ventricular wall and 2 mm behind and 5 mm below the intercommissural point.

Prognostic factors and survival study in high-grade glioma in the elderly.

Background Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and malignant primary brain tumour in adults. Due to the ageing of the population, diagnosis in the elderly is becoming more common. The aim of this study was to analyse different combinations of treatments and to identify preoperative factors, including O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase status, that may be associated with decreased survival among patients older than 70 years.

Meningioma Associated with Brain Aneurysm: Report of Two Cases.

The occurrence of brain tumors together with aneurysms has been considered as an uncommon phenomenon. However, its incidence may be underestimated. This coexistence is a diagnostic challenge, but also a therapeutic one as no consensus has been reached.

Involvement of autophagy in melatonin-induced cytotoxicity in glioma-initiating cells.

Glioblastoma-initiating cells (GICs) represent a stem cell-like subpopulation within malignant glioblastomas responsible for tumor development, progression, therapeutic resistance, and tumor relapse. Thus, eradication of this subpopulation is essential to achieve stable, long-lasting remission. We have previously reported that melatonin decreases cell proliferation of glioblastoma cells both in vitro and in vivo and synergistically increases effectiveness of drugs in glioblastoma cells and also in GICs.

Surgical adverse events of deep brain stimulation in the subthalamic nucleus of patients with Parkinson's disease. The learning curve and the pitfalls.

Background: Several surgical adverse events (SAEs) have been associated with Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) in Parkinson's Disease (PD) patients, leading to certain confusion about the risk/benefit ratio of this technique, and giving rise to the need of more and more extensive control studies over longer periods. The aim of this article is to identify and quantify the factors associated with the most frequent AEs from STN DBS in PD-diagnosed patients.

Methods: The following variables were studied: aborted procedure, misplaced leads, intracranial haemorrhage, and seizures.

Intraparenchymal schwannoma involving the brainstem in a young woman.

Schwannomas are tumors derived from the Schwann cells, which form the myelin sheath of the peripheral nerves. Fewer than 1% of these tumors occur within the brain parenchyma without arising from the cranial nerves. Only 55 cases have been published after the first recorded case.

[Quality of life following surgical treatment of malignant middle cerebral artery infarction].

Introduction: Little work has been published on the capacity to adapt to the disease of patients with malignant middle cerebral artery infarction who have undergone decompressive surgery. The purpose of this study is to analyse the final quality of life and the degree of satisfaction of patients and their relatives.

Patients And Methods: We analysed 21 patients one year after their operation.

Multiple involvement of the central nervous system in Rosai-Dorfman disease.

Rosai-Dorfman disease is a rare, benign, idiopathic histio-proliferative disorder. Only 5% of cases involve the central nervous system. We describe a 10-year-old girl with pain in her lower limbs and back.

Lead Fractures in Deep Brain Stimulation during Long-Term Follow-Up.

The purpose was to determine the incidence of lead fracture in patients with DBS over a long period of time. We present a retrospective study of 208 patients who received 387 DBS electrodes. Fourteen patients had sixteen lead fractures (4% of the implanted leads) and two patients suffered from 2 lead fractures.