Air pollution analysis in Northwestern South America: A new Lagrangian framework.

This study examines the spatiotemporal variations of PM, PM, SO, O, NO, and NO concentrations in Northwestern South America (NWSA). We assess the efficacy of existing policies, identify underlying phenomena, and highlight areas for further research. Significant findings have emerged by analyzing reanalysis and in-situ data, employing the WRF-Chem model, and utilizing a new Lagrangian framework designed to overcome some drawbacks common to analysis of pollution Long-Range Transport.

Design of an energy vulnerability index - spatial and temporal analysis: case of study Colombia.

Climate change might affect energy production and therefore the energy security of a country or region. This situation may impact renewable energy sources such as hydro power, leading to consequences on energy transition strategies. This might be critical in sensitive regions to climate change, one of them being the Caribe and northern South America.

Spatio-temporal analysis of PM and policies in Northwestern South America.

This paper analyzes the spatio-temporal variations, and exceedances of the PM concentrations in Northwestern South America at different scales to assess the implemented policies and identify the involved phenomena. Through reanalysis and ground-based data, we found that high PM levels in most cities of the region are caused by wildfires and local emissions, including the capital cities of Venezuela, Ecuador, Colombia, and Panamá. In-situ measurements suggest that the majority of the cities comply with the local but not with the WHO guidelines, indicating that local annual limits should be more restrictive.

Effects of fuel change to electricity on PM2.5 local levels in the Bus Rapid Transit System of Bogota.

The TransMilenio (TM) is a transport system. Twenty-year-old TM is a fast, highly efficient, and self-sufficient mode of passenger transport. This work aims to evaluate the effects of changing current TM diesel buses by electricity-powered buses (battery, wire-based), on the PM concentrations at surface level.

Implementation and evaluation of WRF simulation over a city with complex terrain using Alos-Palsar 0.4 s topography.

Air quality modeling requires an accurate representation of meteorology, and in cities with complex topography, the performance of meteorological modeling can be improved by using an alternative global digital elevation model (GDEM) such as Alos-Palsar 0.4 s instead of the default elevation data. Bogotá is a city with complex topography geographically located over the Andes Mountains at 2600 m.