Are hospital wastewater treatment plants a source of new resistant bacterial strains?

To understand which type of hospital waste may contain the highest amount of antibiotic resistant microorganisms that could be released into the environment, the bacterial strains entering and leaving a hospital wastewater treatment plant (HWTP) were identified and tested for their antibiotic susceptibility. To achieve this goal, samples were collected from three separate sites, inlet and outlet wastewater positions, and sludge generated in a septic tank. After microbiological characterization according to APHA, AWWA, and WEF protocols, the relative susceptibility of the bacterial strains to various antibiotic agents was assessed according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines, to determine whether there were higher numbers of resistant bacterial strains in the inlet wastewater sample than in the outlet wastewater and sludge samples.

Using photocatalyzed-peroxonization to disinfect and denature genetic material of bacterial plasmids present in hospital wastewater.

The literature reports the presence of multiresistant microorganisms in wastewater discharged from municipal and hospital wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). This has led to questions concerning the disinfection efficiency of the treatments applied. Thus, this study aimed to assess the efficiency of different chemical oxidation methods to disinfect and to degrade bacterial plasmids present in hospital wastewaters, to avoid the dispersion of antibiotic resistance genes in the environment.

Characterization of bacterial resistance in treated hospital wastewater.

This article seeks to characterize the bacterial profile of pediatric hospital wastewater samples collected at the outlet of a wastewater treatment plant, and to estimate their relative susceptibility to antimicrobial agents. A total of 64 strains were isolated in the wastewater samples, of which 49 were identified as belonging to different families: (e.g.

Revealing potential functions of hypothetical proteins induced by genistein in the symbiosis island of Bradyrhizobium japonicum commercial strain SEMIA 5079 (= CPAC 15).

Background: Bradyrhizobium japonicum strain SEMIA 5079 (= CPAC 15) is a nitrogen-fixing symbiont of soybean broadly used in commercial inoculants in Brazil. Its genome has about 50% of hypothetical (HP) protein-coding genes, many in the symbiosis island, raising questions about their putative role on the biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) process. This study aimed to infer functional roles to 15 HP genes localized in the symbiosis island of SEMIA 5079, and to analyze their expression in the presence of a nod-gene inducer.

Occurrence, quantification, pulse types, and antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella sp. isolated from chicken meat in the state of Paraná, Brazil.

The aim of this work was to verify the occurrence, quantification, pulse types, and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of Salmonella sp. isolated from chicken meat produced and marketed in the state of Paraná, considered to be the state with the highest production of poultry meat in Brazil. Ninety-five of 300 (31.

Alcoholic extract of propolis in Nile tilapia post-larvae and fingerlings' diets: effects on production performance, body composition and intestinal histology.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the production performance of Nile tilapia post-larvae and fingerlings fed with increasing levels of alcoholic extract of propolis into diets. In Experiment 1, 1800 post-larvae were distributed in 30 tanks, in a completely randomized design with five treatments composed by the inclusion of 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 g of dry propolis/kg of feed, and six replicates. In experiment 2, 1600 fingerlings were distributed in the same system and designed as experiment 1.

Physico-chemical, microbiological and ecotoxicological evaluation of a septic tank/Fenton reaction combination for the treatment of hospital wastewaters.

Hospital wastewater is considered a complex mixture populated with pathogenic microorganisms. The genetic constitution of these microorganisms can be changed through the direct and indirect effects of hospital wastewater constituents, leading to the appearance of antibiotic multi-resistant bacteria. To avoid environmental contamination hospital wastewaters must be treated.

G and P genotypes of group A rotavirus strains circulating in calves in Brazil, 1996-1999.

Fifty fecal samples from calves with diarrhea, positive for group A rotavirus by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) were analyzed by a nested multiplex reverse transcription/polymerase chain reaction (Nested multiplex/RT-PCR) for identification of P and G genotypes. Samples were collected between 1996 and 1999 from eight dairy and/or beef cattle herds located in the Mato Grosso do Sul, São Paulo, Goiás and Paraná States, Brazil. Complete genotyping was possible in 44 (88%) of the calf fecal samples.