In vitro remineralization of adjacent interproximal enamel carious lesions in primary molars using a bioactive bulk-fill composite.

Background: Surface remineralization is recommended for the management of active non-cavitated interproximal carious lesions in primary teeth. According to the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry, a recently recognized category of materials called bioactive restorative materials can be used for remineralization. This study aimed to evaluate the release of fluoride (F), calcium (Ca) and phosphate (P) ions from Predicta® Bioactive Bulk-fill composite compared with EQUIA Forte® and Filtek™ Z350 and to determine the remineralization effect of these 3 restorative materials on adjacent initial interproximal enamel carious lesions.

Patient comfort discussing sensitive behavioral health topics.

Background: : Following implementation of routine screening for depression in primary care, screening for other behavioral health issues is expanding. However, prior to implementing additional screening it is important to consider patient comfort answering sensitive questions related to behavioral health topics to determine screening acceptability and effectiveness.

Methods: : A self-report survey was completed by U.

Articaine Infiltration Versus Lidocaine Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block for Primary Mandibular Molars: A Double-blind Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.

To compare the effectiveness of articaine local infiltration with lidocaine inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) for restorative treat- ment of primary mandibular molars (PMMs). In this double-blind, parallel-design, randomized, controlled, clinical trial, participants were enrolled according to specified inclusion criteria (four to 10 years of age, need of PMM restorations, Frankel four behavior) and randomly assigned into either an articaine or lidocaine group. One investigator administrated all local anesthesia (LA).

Comparing the relative influence of obesity and ancestry on timing of dental development.

Introduction: The dentition is one of the most accurate features for age estimation in children. However, there is some evidence that timing of dental development varies across populations. Recent research suggests that dental development may also be susceptible to influence by environmental factors, such as obesity.

Evaluation of the (hu)MANid program for sex and ancestry estimation in a diverse, contemporary CT scan-based sample.

Human remains from forensic and bioarcheological contexts are often fragmentary, requiring methods for estimating a forensic profile that are based upon limited skeletal features. In 2017, Berg and Keryhercz created an online application, (hu)MANid, that provides sex and ancestry estimation from mandibular morphoscopic traits and linear measurements. In this study, we examine the utility of the (hu)MANid application in a diverse, urban US adult sample (aged 20-45; n = 143) derived from computed tomography (CT) scans.

Vaso-occlusive Pain Crisis Mimicking Mandibular Abscess in an Adolescent with Sickle Cell Disease.

In people with sickle cell disease (SCD), oral abscesses are concerning clinical conditions and carry a high risk of postoperative sickle cell complications. We present an unusual case of a 14-year-old girl with SCD whose initial presentation of facial swelling, headaches, jaw pain, and paresthesia mimicked an odontogenic abscess. She was diagnosed with vaso-occlusive crisis in the mandibular bone and successfully managed noninvasively.

Nitrous Oxide for Dental Procedures in Pediatric Patients with Sickle Cell Disease: A Pilot Study.

The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate the safety of nitrous oxide (N₂O) during dental procedures in pediatric patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). Patients three to 15 years of age received N₂O with oxygen (N₂O:O₂) during their dental procedure in a university pediatric dental clinic between March 2019 and December 2020. Blood oxygen levels were monitored via pulse oximetry throughout the visit.

Prevalence of Radiographically Identifiable Dental Anomalies in Children and Association with Health Status.

The purpose of this study was to describe the prevalence of radiographically identifiable developmental dental anomalies (DDA) in a university-based pediatric dental clinic and to assess for associations between DDA and health status. Retrospective data, obtained from the electronic dental records of a three-year pediatric patient cohort, were evaluated by two trained and calibrated examiners. Strict inclusion/ exclusion criteria were applied.

Articaine Infiltration Versus Lidocaine Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block for Anesthetizing Primary Mandibular Molars: A Randomized, Controlled, Double-Blind Pilot Study.

The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of articaine local infiltration to lidocaine inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) for restorative treatment of primary mandibular molars (PMM). Four- to 10-year-old children who needed PMM restorations were enrolled according to inclusion criteria and randomly allocated into the articaine or lidocaine group. One operator administered all local anesthesia.

Oral Health Implications of Risky Behaviors in Adolescence.

Adolescence is a time for new discoveries, which may lead teens to engage in impulsive behaviors. Although social media and the Internet have brought great benefits to the world, they can also have a negative influence on adolescents, facilitating their engagement in risky behaviors. Positive parenting and healthy friendships in adolescence have a protective effect against sensation-seeking behaviors.

Dental Considerations in Patients with Loeys-Dietz Syndrome: A Review of the Literature and Case Report.

Loeys-Dietz Syndrome (LDS) is a rare connective tissue disorder with an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance, linked to heterozygous mutations in six genes from the transforming growth factor beta receptor complex. The classical syndrome characteristics include aortic aneurisms with generalized arterial tortuosity, hypertelorism and cleft palate or bifid/broad uvula. LDS is also associated with a wide range of skeletal, craniofacial, cutaneous and ocular abnormalities, as well as allergic, atopic and inflammatory diseases.

Caregivers' Comfort Answering Sensitive Questions About Themselves and Their Children in a Pediatric Dental Setting.

The purpose of this study was to explore caregivers' comfort levels and preferences for answering sensitive questions about themselves and their children in a pediatric dental setting. An electronically delivered survey was completed by 206 caregivers in the waiting area of a dental school's pediatric clinic. The survey items assessed were demographic, general health, behavioral health, oral health, and living conditions.

Barrier for Particle Dispersion Control During Mastoidectomy.

 The China Health Authority alerted the World Health Organization (WHO) of several cases of pneumonia, and the WHO has declared the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) a global pandemic. Mastoidectomy is a high-risk aerosol generating procedure with the potential to expose the surgeon to infectious particles.  Aim to develop a low-cost prototype for a barrier device that can be used during mastoidectomy.

Success of Biodentine and Ferric Sulfate as Pulpotomy Materials in Primary Molars: A Retrospective Study.

Objective: To determine the clinical and radiographic success of Biodentine® (BD) and Ferric Sulfate (FS) as primary molar pulpotomy materials and to compare their outcomes.

Study Design: Retrospective data was obtained from the electronic health records (EHR) of a university-based pediatric dental clinic. Participants were enrolled according to specified inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Female Caregivers' Depression Risk Affects Children's Attendance to Dental Appointments: A Pilot Study.

This pilot study aimed to evaluate the association between women's depression risk and their children's return for dental treatment. A total of 175 female caregivers of children presenting for an initial dental examination between May and October 2019 at a university clinic answered demographic questions and a validated survey on depression risk. An analysis of caregiver's depression risk relative to children's attendance at the next treatment appointment was made.

Gender Differences in Pediatric Dentistry Chairs in the United States and Canada.

Objective: To analyze gender differences in personal and professional demographics, job perceptions and work satisfaction between male and female pediatric dentistry academic leaders in the United States and Canada.

Study Design: A 40-question survey was sent electronically to department chairs requesting information about demographics, current circumstances of the position, professional history, and opinions about the position. Data was analyzed by the sex of the respondent.

Barrier device prototype for open tracheotomy during COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective: To present a low-cost prototype for a barrier enclosure device which can be used during open surgeries such as tracheotomy.

Methods: We provide detailed description of a novel device called COVID-Box, developed by The Surgical Airway Team for COVID-19 Pandemic, a temporary task force formed by Walter Cantídio University Hospital. Safety guidelines for performing tracheotomies in COVID-19 patients are also stated.

Patient preferences on sharing private information in dental settings.

Background: The authors conducted a study to understand patients' preferences and comfort levels in discussing personal medical, behavioral, and social information with their oral health care providers.

Methods: A self-report survey was completed by US adults 18 years and older (N = 387) using Amazon Mechanical Turk, an online research portal for survey-based research. The survey assessed comfort discussing demographics, physical health, behavioral health, oral health, and living conditions with oral health providers.

Characteristics and Professional Development Needs of Pediatric Dentistry Chairs in the United States and Canada.

To describe the demographics of pediatric dentistry department chairs in the United States and Canada, characterize the skills and abilities required for the job, understand how they spent their time, and identify their professional development needs. An electronic survey was sent to 88 department chairs about personal demographics, leadership, management and personal qualities important for the job, and professional developmental needs. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.

Sternectomy for Treating Advanced Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer.

Introduction: Skin cancer is a rare indication of sternectomy. Our goal is to report the clinical course of seven patients who underwent sternectomy for skin cancer.

Methods: The survey data were collected from medical records of patients treated between 2008 and 2018 at Ceará Cancer Institute.

Effect of Overlying Material on Final Setting of Biodentine ® in Primary Molar Pulpotomies.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare in vitro the effect of overlying materials, including zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE), resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC), and stainless steel crowns (SSC) cemented with glass ionomer cement (GIC), on the setting of Biodentine ® (BD) used as a pulpotomy agent in primary molars that were restored definitively in a single visit. Forty extracted primary molars were prepared to replicate pulpotomy procedures. The teeth were randomly allocated to four restorative groups: (1) BD, ZOE, SSC; (2) BD, RMGIC, SSC; (3) BD, SSC; (4) BD only (control).

Age estimation of Hispanic children using the London Atlas.

Purpose: To test the accuracy of the London Atlas for age estimation of Hispanic children and to determine if there is any difference in age accuracy between Hispanic males and females.

Methods: The London Atlas was used to estimate age from panoramic radiographs of 17 males and 17 females for each year of age from six to 15.99 years, using the electronic patient database of a dental school.

Caretakers' Self-Selected Oral Health Goals: Self-Efficacy, Perceived Compliance, and Effect on Recall Attendance.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe caretakers' self-selected pediatric oral health goals, self-reported compliance, perceived self-efficacy, and perceived barriers to goal accomplishment. The effect of self-management plans on recall attendance was also evaluated.

Methods: Fifty caretaker-patient pairs who presented for examinations at a university pediatric dental clinic were assigned to an intervention group.

Delivering HIV care in challenging operating environments: the MSF experience towards differentiated models of care for settings with multiple basic health care needs.

Introduction: Countries in the West and Central African regions struggle to offer quality HIV care at scale, despite HIV prevalence being relatively low. In these challenging operating environments, basic health care needs are multiple, systems are highly fragile and conflict disrupts health care. Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) has been working to integrate HIV care in basic health services in such settings since 2000.