The Geriatric Patient: Frailty, Prehabilitation, and Postoperative Delirium.

Historically and for ease of classification, the geriatric patient has received a chronologic definition of a person 65 years and older. Chronologic age remains an independent risk of postoperative complications and adverse surgical outcomes. Frailty is an expression of an individual's biological age and as such a more reliable determination of their vulnerabilities or resilience to stress.

Relationship between the mineral content of sugarcane and its genuine derivative, non-centrifugal raw cane sugar.

Non-centrifugal raw cane sugar (NRCS) is a minimally processed product from sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L). This product contains phytochemical and nutritional compounds that benefit human health. Despite these advantages, NRCS commercialization is hindered by a lack of knowledge about its composition and, consequently, the absence of quality standards.

Eyes on the Prize: Decoding the Ophthalmic Product Regulations and Intricacies of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Approval.

The dynamic and continuously evolving field of ophthalmology necessitates rigorous regulatory oversight in the United States. This review outlines the multifaceted Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) approval process for ophthalmic products, detailing the classifications, pathways, and regulatory compliance for devices, drugs, biologics, and combination products. Particular emphasis is placed on distinct frameworks for Class I, II, and III devices, as well as regulations for drugs, biologics, and combination products.

Proposal of new distribution coefficients (K) of potentially toxic elements in soils for improving environmental risk assessment in the State of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil.

Soil solid-solution distribution coefficients (K) are used in predictive environmental models to assess public health risks. This study was undertaken to determine K for potentially toxic elements (PTE) Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn in topsoil samples (0-20 cm) from 30 soils in the State of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil. Batch sorption experiments were carried out, and PTE concentrations in the equilibrium solution were determined by High Resolution Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (HR-ICPMS).

Physicochemical properties of konjac glucomannan/alginate films enriched with sugarcane vinasse intended for mulching applications.

Biodegradable films are a promising strategy to reduce the environmental impact caused by conventional plastics commonly used in agriculture. This study focused on the production and characterization of Konjac glucomannan (KGM) and alginate (ALG) based films enriched with sugarcane vinasse (VIN), a nutrient-rich wastewater generated in large volumes by the sugar-ethanol producing industries. ALG, KGM and ALG/KGM blended (50:50) films were produced by casting and treated with calcium ions (Ca) (ALG films) and a combination of Ca, alkali, and ethanol (KGM and ALG/KGM films).

Evaluation of new environmental friendly particulate soil fertilizers based on agroindustry wastes biopolymers and sugarcane vinasse.

This study evaluated the physicochemical and morphological properties of pectin and chitosan particles combined with sugarcane vinasse for soil fertilization applications. Particles were obtained by adding the biopolymeric solutions (pectin or chitosan solution) dropwise into the crosslinking solutions (calcium chloride 1% in ethanolic solution or tripolyphosphate 5% aqueous solution) followed by drying. Vinasse enhanced pectin gel stability improving pectin/vinasse particle properties.

Implementation of a Competency-based Pressure Ulcer Curriculum for Medical Students: Outcomes from an Educational Intervention Study.

Unlabelled: A paucity of research exists on medical student pressure ulcer education.

Purpose: This study examines medical student competency outcomes following implementation of a competency-based curriculum that included a pressure ulcer component in its educational intervention.

Methods: Over a 5-year period, 645 medical students completed the curriculum, which included a preceptor-led didactic session, online study resources, clinical experiences, and a brief online competency assessment.

Sugarcane vinasse and microalgal biomass in the production of pectin particles as an alternative soil fertilizer.

High methoxyl pectin was used as biopolymeric matrix to produce a novel slow release soil fertilizer added with sugarcane vinasse and lipid extracted microalgal (Desmodesmus subspicatus) biomass residue (LMBR). Vinasse acted as the biopolymer solvent, providing greater stability to pectin gel, and as a source of nitrogen (N), potassium (K), calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg). LMBR (0.

Background concentrations and quality reference values for some potentially toxic elements in soils of São Paulo State, Brazil.

Quality reference values (QRV) for potentially toxic elements (PTE) in soils are established as a tool for prevention and monitoring of soil pollution. These values should be periodically revised in order to ensure soil safety for agricultural purposes. Brazil is market leader for several commodities; therefore, the safety of Brazilian soils is of worldwide strategic importance.

Effects of the addition of functional electrical stimulation to ground level gait training with body weight support after chronic stroke.

Background: The addition of functional electrical stimulation (FES) to treadmill gait training with partial body weight support (BWS) has been proposed as a strategy to facilitate gait training in people with hemiparesis. However, there is a lack of studies that evaluate the effectiveness of FES addition on ground level gait training with BWS, which is the most common locomotion surface.

Objective: To investigate the additional effects of commum peroneal nerve FES combined with gait training and BWS on ground level, on spatial-temporal gait parameters, segmental angles, and motor function.