Effect of 4-Ethylbenzaldehyde from the Volatilome of on .

The demand for new soil fumigants has increased as a result of more restrictive legislation regarding the use of pesticides. In the present study, the potent nematicidal activity of volatile organic compounds released by the leaf macerate was demonstrated. In addition, we searched in the volatilome for a molecule with potential to be developed as a new fumigant nematicide.

Ethyl Butanoate, Constituent of Cassava Wastewater Volatiloma, a Potential Soil Fumigant Against .

As a result of more restrictive legislation regarding the use of pesticides, over the last two decades, the demand for new soil fumigants has increased. These compounds can come from a variety of sources, including organic residues. In this study, we identified in the cassava wastewater volatiloma a molecule with potential to be developed as a new fumigant nematicide.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in cachaças packed in bottles of polyethylene terephthalate.

Cachaça is a beverage of great cultural and economic importance for Brazil. It is made up of several substances that are responsible for the flavor of the beverage. Countless substances of a toxic nature can also be present, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs).

Attraction and toxicity: Ways volatile organic compounds released by Pochonia chlamydosporia affect Meloidogyne incognita.

The production of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) acting against plant-parasitic nematodes has been characterized in different fungi; however, the role of VOCs emitted by Pochonia chlamydosporia in its trophic interaction with Meloidogyne incognita is still unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of VOCs emitted by P. chlamydosporia strain Pc-10 on different stages (eggs, juveniles and female) of the M.

The combination of two Bacillus strains suppresses Meloidogyne incognita and fungal pathogens, but does not enhance plant growth.

Background: The combination of biocontrol agents is a desirable strategy to improve control efficacy against the root-knot nematode (RKN) Meloidogyne incognita under field conditions. However, strains compatibility is generally tested in vitro and incompatible combinations are normally not further examined in experiments in planta. Therefore, there is virtually no information on the performance of incompatible strains.

Slight induction and strong inhibition of hatching by short-chain molecules released by different plant species.

New management tools are necessary to reduce the damage caused by the soybean cyst nematode (SCN), . Identification of molecules that can stimulate second-stage juveniles (J2) hatching in an environment without food may contribute to that. In in vitro experiments, we evaluate the effect of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released by soybean (), bean (), ryegrass (), and alfalfa () on egg hatching.

is resistant to spp. and controls by soil biofumigation.

is a relevant plant-parasitic nematode that causes enormous damage. It is very challenging to control, and there are not many chemicals available on the market for that. As an alternative method of nematode control, biofumigation is increasingly gaining space.

Identification of volatile compounds, quantification of glycerol and trace elements in distilled spirits produced in Mozambique.

Distilled spirits, in addition to satisfying the legal requirements with respect to its composition, must possess a sensorial quality capable of satisfying its consumers. The present work describes the analysis of volatile compounds, trace elements and glycerol in thirteen samples of Mozambican spirits collected in different regions of the country. Extraction of volatile components was a accomplished using the headspace SPME technique, the quantification of glycerol was achieved by UV/Vis spectroscopy and the determination of trace elements by atomic absorption spectrometry.

Volatile emissions of watercress (Nasturtium officinale) leaves and passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) seeds against Meloidogyne incognita.

Watercress leaf and passion fruit seed macerates produce volatile organic compounds toxic to Meloidogyne incognita and 1-octanol, found in volatile emissions of watercress leaves, shows nematicidal activity against M. incognita.

Volatile organic compounds produced by castor bean cake incorporated into the soil exhibit toxic activity against Meloidogyne incognita.

Background: This study showed, for the first time, the effect of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by castor bean cake added to soil on the plant-parasitic nematode Meloidogyne incognita. Identification of nematotoxic volatiles increases the chance of identifying molecules for use in commercial nematicides.

Results: VOCs produced after the incorporation of castor bean cake in the soil resulted in immobility (>97.

Multivariate curve resolution combined with gas chromatography to enhance analytical separation in complex samples: a review.

This review describes the major advantages and pitfalls of iterative and non-iterative multivariate curve resolution (MCR) methods combined with gas chromatography (GC) data using literature published since 2000 and highlighting the most important combinations of GC coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC×GC-FID) and coupled to mass spectrometry (GC×GC-MS). In addition, a brief summary of some pre-processing strategies will be discussed to correct common issues in GC, such as retention time shifts and baseline/background contributions. Additionally, algorithms such as evolving factor analysis (EFA), heuristic evolving latent projection (HELP), subwindow factor analysis (SFA), multivariate curve resolution-alternating least squares (MCR-ALS), positive matrix factorization (PMF), iterative target transformation factor analysis (ITTFA) and orthogonal projection resolution (OPR) will be described in this paper.

Quantitative analysis of essential oils in perfume using multivariate curve resolution combined with comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography.

The use of multivariate curve resolution (MCR) to build multivariate quantitative models using data obtained from comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC×GC-FID) is presented and evaluated. The MCR algorithm presents some important features, such as second order advantage and the recovery of the instrumental response for each pure component after optimization by an alternating least squares (ALS) procedure. A model to quantify the essential oil of rosemary was built using a calibration set containing only known concentrations of the essential oil and cereal alcohol as solvent.

Identification of volatiles from pineapple (Ananas comosus L.) pulp by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.

Combining qualitative data from the chromatographic structure of 2-D gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC×GC-FID) and that from gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) should result in a more accurate assignment of the peak identities than the simple analysis by GC/MS, where coelution of analytes is unavoidable in highly complex samples (rendering spectra unsuitable for qualitative purposes) or for compounds in very low concentrations. Using data from GC×GC-FID combined with GC/MS can reveal coelutions that were not detected by mass spectra deconvolution software. In addition, some compounds can be identified according to the structure of the GC×GC-FID chromatogram.

Prediction of the physicochemical properties of gasoline by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography and multivariate data processing.

The estimation of physicochemical parameters such as distillation points and relative densities still plays an important role in the quality control of gasoline and similar fuels. Their measurements according to standard ASTM procedures demands specific equipments and are time and work consuming. An alternative method to predict distillation points and relativity density by multivariate analysis of comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC×GC-FID) data is presented here.

Quantitative analysis by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography using interval Multi-way Partial Least Squares calibration.

A new approach for target quantitative analysis for comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC × GC), interval Multi-way Partial Least Square (iNPLS) is presented and evaluated in this paper. In iNPLS, the two-dimensional chromatogram is split in small sections; each of these pieces is treated as an independent new chromatogram. Separated conventional NPLS calibration models for the concentration of the target analyte are built for each of the pieces of the whole chromatogram, and the best model is selected for quantitative analysis.

Identification of gasoline adulteration using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography combined to multivariate data processing.

A method to detect potential adulteration of commercial gasoline (Type C gasoline, available in Brazil and containing 25% (v/v) ethanol) is presented here. Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GCxGC-FID) data and multivariate calibration (multi-way partial least squares regression, N-PLS) were combined to obtain regression models correlating the concentration of gasoline on samples from chromatographic data. Blends of gasoline and white spirit, kerosene and paint thinner (adopted as model adulterants) were used for calibration; the regression models were evaluated using samples of Type C gasoline spiked with these solvents, as well as with ethanol.