May dental implant macro and microgeometry modifications influence peri-implant bone repair in smokers? A randomized clinical trial.

Background: This split-mouth, double-masked, randomized clinical trial aimed at evaluating the impact of different macro geometries and nano topographical modifications on peri-implant bone repair in smokers.

Methods: Thirty-two patients who smoked at least ten cigarettes/day, with the need of a single maxillary or mandibular implant bilaterally, received two implants randomly assigned to DA - Dual Acid-Etched implants (n = 32); HCAN - healing chambers and activated nano surface (n = 32). Implant stability quotient (ISQ) was evaluated 07, 30, 60, 90, and 120 days after implant placement.

1,25(OH)2D3 increase osteogenic potential of human periodontal ligament cells with low osteoblast potential.

Objective: Periodontal dental ligament mesenchymal stem cells (PDLMSCs) play a major role in periodontal tissue regeneration by the neoformation of root cementum and alveolar bone. These cells are highly heterogeneous, and many present low potential to renovate the hard tissue damaged by periodontal disease. A previous study found that the low osteoblast/cementoblast (O/C) differentiation potential of PDLMSCs is related to high asporin (ASPN) expression, which was identified as a negative regulator of PDL cells differentiation and mineralization, suppressing BMP-2-induced O/C differentiation.

CCKR signaling map, G-Protein bindings, hormonal regulation, and neural mechanisms may influence the osteogenic/cementogenic differentiation potential of hPDLSCs.

Objective: Periodontal regeneration poses challenges due to the periodontium's complexity, relying on mesenchymal cells from the periodontal ligament (hPDLSCs) to regenerate hard tissues like bone and cementum. While some hPDLSCs have high regeneration potential (HOP-hPDLSCs), most are low potential (LOP-hPDLSCs). This study analyzed hPDLSCs from a single donor to minimize inter-individual variability and focus on key differences in differentiation potentials.

Microbial colonization in the partially exposed nonabsorbable membrane during alveolar ridge preservation.

Aim: This study evaluated the impact of the partial exposition of the nonabsorbable membrane (dPTFE) on microbial colonization during bone healing.

Materials And Methods: Patients indicated for tooth extraction were randomized to dPTFE group (n = 22) - tooth extraction and alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) using an intentionally exposed dPTFE membrane and USH group (n = 22) - tooth extraction and unassisted socket healing. Biofilm samples were collected at the barrier in the dPTFE and on the natural healing site in the USH after 3 and 28 days.

Impact of dietary inflammatory index on gingival health.

Background: Periodontal disease is a biofilm-dependent chronic inflammatory condition triggered by a host response. Several factors impact systemic inflammation and could lead to changes in disease pathogenesis. Recently, studies have assessed the influence of nutritional patterns on the development of periodontitis.

Clinical, immunological and microbiological evaluation of experimental peri-implant mucositis and gingivitis in subjects with Grade C, stage III/IV periodontitis background.

Aim: To compare individuals with a periodontitis background (Grade C, stage III/IV-formerly generalized aggressive periodontitis) (H-GAP) with periodontally healthy subjects (H-Health) in terms of molecular changes (immunological/microbiological) accompanying experimental peri-implant mucositis and gingivitis.

Materials And Methods: H-GAP and control (H-Health) subjects were recruited, and experimental mucositis/gingivitis was induced around a single screw-retained implant and one contralateral tooth. Participants refrained from oral hygiene for 21 days in the selected areas, followed by professional prophylaxis and hygiene instructions for 21 days.

Association of rs142548867 (EEFSEC) and periodontitis Grade C in a young Brazilian population.

Background: Periodontitis Stage III-IV, Grade C (PerioC) is a severe form of Periodontitis. The individual genetic background has been shown to be an important etiopathogenic factor for the development of this disease in young, systemically healthy, and non-smokers patients. Recently, after exome sequencing of families with a history of the disease, PerioC was associated with three single nucleotide variations (SNVs) - rs142548867 (EEFSEC), rs574301770 (ZNF136), and rs72821893 (KRT25) - which were classified as deleterious or possibly harmful by prediction algorithms.

Impact of a modified implant macrogeometry on biomechanical parameters and bone-related markers in rats.

This study investigated the impact of a modified implant macrogeometry on peri-implant healing and its effect on bone-related molecules in rats. Eighteen rats received one implant in each tibia: the control group received implants with conventional macrogeometry and the test group received implants with modified macrogeometry. After 30 days, the implants were removed for biomechanical analysis and the bone tissue around them was collected for quantifying gene expression of OPN, Runx2, β-catenin, BMP-2, Dkk1, and RANKL/OPG.

Parents with periodontitis drive the early acquisition of dysbiotic microbiomes in their offspring.

Aim: To evaluate the microbial colonization in different dentition phases on individuals from 0 to 18 years of age belonging to families with a history of periodontitis compared to descendants of periodontally healthy parents.

Materials And Methods: The offspring of subjects with periodontitis ('Perio' group) and the offspring of periodontally healthy subjects ('Healthy' group), matched for gender and age, were included in this cross-sectional study and divided according to the dentition phase: pre-dentate, primary, mixed and permanent. The patients were clinically assessed, and their saliva was collected.

Influence of partially exposed nonabsorbable membrane for alveolar ridge preservation: A randomized controlled trial.

Aim: This randomized controlled trial evaluated the impact of a partially exposed non-absorbable membrane (dPTFE) in Alveolar Ridge Preservation (ARP) procedures on clinical, tomographic, immunoenzymatic, implant-related, and patient-centered outcomes.

Materials And Methods: Patients with a hopeless maxillary single-rooted tooth demanding rehabilitation with implants were included. Patients were randomized into two groups: dPTFE (n = 22)-tooth extraction followed by ARP using a partially exposed dPTFE membrane; USH (n = 22)-unassisted socket healing.

Resveratrol for preventing medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws in rats.

This study evaluated the effect of resveratrol (RES) on the prevention of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ) in ovariectomized (OVX) rats treated with zoledronate (ZOL). Fifty rats were distributed in five groups: SHAM (n = 10): non-ovariectomy + placebo; OVX (n = 10):ovariectomy + placebo; OVX + RES (n = 10):ovariectomy + resveratrol; OVX + ZOL (n = 10):ovariectomy + placebo + zoledronate; and OVX + RES + ZOL (n = 10):ovariectomy + resveratrol + zoledronate. The mandibles left sides were analyzed with micro-CT, histomorphometry, and immunohistochemistry.

Does resveratrol favor peri-implant bone repair in rats with ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis? Gene expression, counter-torque and micro-CT analysis.

This study investigated the influence of resveratrol on peri-implant repair and its effects on bone-related markers in ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis in rats. Animals were divided into: OVX+PLAC (n = 10): ovariectomized animals treated with placebo; OVX+RESV (n = 10): OVX treated with resveratrol; OVX+PLAC+ZOL (n = 10): OVX treated with PLAC and zoledronate; OVX+RESV+ZOL (n = 10): OVX treated with RESV and ZOL; and SHOVX+PLAC (n = 10): sham ovariectomy treated with PLAC. RESV and PLAC were administrated after ovariectomy and ZOL after six weeks after OVX, until the end of experiment.

Minimal invasiveness in nonsurgical periodontal therapy.

Periodontal treatment is quickly moving towards a philosophy consisting of a less invasive approach. In this context, minimally invasive nonsurgical therapy (MINST) is a promising option. This paper reviews the concepts behind minimal invasiveness in nonsurgical periodontology and reports the state-of the art evidence for this topic.

Comparison between flapless-guided and conventional surgery for implant placement: a 12-month randomized clinical trial.

Objectives: The study was aimed at comparing implants installed with guided and conventional surgery.

Material And Methods: Twenty-nine total edentulous patients were selected, and maxillary contralateral quadrants were randomly assigned to static computer-aided implant surgery (S-CAIS): flapless computer-guided surgery, and conventional surgery (CS): flap surgery with conventional planning. Tomography scans were performed at baseline and 10 days after the surgery for deviation measurement, and radiography was done at baseline and after 6 and 12 months, for peri-implant bone level (PIBL) analysis.

Smoking negatively impacts the clinical, microbiological, and immunological treatment response of young adults with Grade C periodontitis.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the influence of smoking on clinical, microbiological and immunological parameters in young adult with stage III-IV Grade C periodontitis after full-mouth ultrasonic debridement (FMUD) associated with Amoxicillin and Metronidazole (AMX + MTZ), comparing smokers (PerioC-Y-Smk) with non-smokers (PerioC-Y-NSmk).

Materials And Methods: Fifteen PerioC-Y-NSmk and 14 PerioC-Y-Smk patients underwent FMUD associated with AMX + MTZ for 10 days. All parameters were collected at baseline and 3 and 6 months after treatment.

Salivary IL-4: A Bleeding Predictor on Probing in Descendants of Severe Periodontitis Patients.

Objective: Periodontitis in younger patients can cause severe periodontal destruction, and cases are usually more numerous in members of the same family due to the sharing of susceptibility factors. Thus, the use of a familial study design could improve our understanding of initial alterations in periodontal tissue. This observational study aimed to evaluate the salivary inflammatory pattern in descendants of periodontitis patients and identify any correlation with the clinical periodontal condition.

Peri-Implant Repair Using a Modified Implant Macrogeometry in Diabetic Rats: Biomechanical and Molecular Analyses of Bone-Related Markers.

DM has a high prevalence worldwide and exerts a negative influence on bone repair around dental implants. Modifications of the microgeometry of implants have been related to positive results in bone repair. This study assessed, for the first time, the influence of an implant with modified macrodesign based on the presence of a healing chamber in the pattern of peri-implant repair under diabetic conditions.

Predicted functional and taxonomic analysis of subgingival biofilm of Grade C periodontitis in young patients under maintenance therapy.

Background: In Grade C periodontitis in young patients (PerioC-Y), the functional roles of the subgingival community after years of periodontal treatment are still underexplored. This study evaluated the taxonomic and predicted functional content of the subgingival microbiome of PerioC-Y patients under supportive periodontal therapy (SPT).

Methods: Clinical and microbiological data from subgingival biofilm were assessed from 10 PerioC-Y patients at two time points: at baseline and after 5.

Rethinking the decision-making process to treat gingival recession associated with non-carious cervical lesions.

The presence of a tooth-surface defect, such as a non-carious cervical lesion (NCCL), associated with sites of gingival recession (GR) defects creates a combined soft tissue/tooth defect (CD) that requires a different treatment plan. This study aimed to critically review the literature regarding the available treatment protocols for CDs and suggest a new decision-making process. NCCLs were classified as Class A-: the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) was visible and the root surface discrepancy was < 0.

Early Manifestation of Periodontal Disease in Children and Its Association with Familial Aggregation.

Aggressive periodontitis is a disease that causes severe destruction of periodontal tissues, showing early development and rapid progression in both primary and permanent dentitions. Due to familial aggregation, children of parents with periodontitis are considered to be at higher risk for disease occurrence, which suggests that they should be evaluated and monitored as early as possible. The purpose of this case report is to describe aspects related to early diagnosis of periodontitis in two children and their relationship with the parent's periodontal condition, exploring the familial component as a crucial factor that can lead to an early diagnosis and better clinical management in their offspring.

Cementocyte alterations associated with experimentally induced cellular cementum apposition in Hyp mice.

Background: Cellular cementum, a mineralized tissue covering apical tooth roots, grows by apposition to maintain the tooth in its occlusal position. We hypothesized that resident cementocytes would show morphological changes in response to cementum apposition, possibly implicating a role in cementum biology.

Methods: Mandibular first molars were induced to super-erupt (EIA) by extraction of maxillary molars, promoting rapid new cementum formation.

Surgical and non-surgical debridement for the treatment of peri-implantitis: a two-center 12-month randomized trial.

Objectives: To compare surgical (ST) and non-surgical (NST) debridement for the treatment of peri-implantitis in a two-center randomized trial.

Materials And Methods: Forty-five individuals with 63 implants with probing depth (PPD) ≥5mm, bleeding on probing (BOP), and radiographic bone loss ≥2mm were included. In the NST (30 implants), submucosal debridement was performed.

Parents with periodontitis impact the subgingival colonization of their offspring.

Early acquisition of a pathogenic microbiota and the presence of dysbiosis in childhood is associated with susceptibility to and the familial aggregation of periodontitis. This longitudinal interventional case-control study aimed to evaluate the impact of parental periodontal disease on the acquisition of oral pathogens in their offspring. Subgingival plaque and clinical periodontal metrics were collected from 18 parents with a history of generalized aggressive periodontitis and their children (6-12 years of age), and 18 periodontally healthy parents and their parents at baseline and following professional oral prophylaxis.

The familial trend of the local inflammatory response in periodontal disease.

Objectives: The imbalanced host response in front of a dysbiotic biofilm is one of the major aspects of severe periodontitis, which also presents a strong familial aggregation related to the susceptibility factors transmission within family members. This study hypothesized that aggressive periodontitis (GAgP) patients and their descendants could present a similar trend of a local inflammatory response that is different from healthy controls.

Methods: Fifteen GAgP subjects and their children and fifteen healthy subjects and their children were clinically assessed, and the concentration of interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-10, IL-17, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α was evaluated in the gingival fluid using the multiplexed bead immunoassay.