A Non-Stochastic Special Model of Risk Based on Radon Transform.

The concept of risk is fundamental in various scientific fields, including physics, biology and engineering, and is crucial for the study of complex systems, especially financial markets. In our research, we introduce a novel risk model that has a natural transactional-financial interpretation. In our approach, the risk of holding a financial instrument is related to the measure of the possibility of its loss.

Rotation of the c-Ring Promotes the Curvature Sorting of Monomeric ATP Synthases.

ATP synthases are proteins that catalyse the formation of ATP through the rotatory movement of their membrane-spanning subunit. In mitochondria, ATP synthases are found to arrange as dimers at the high-curved edges of cristae. Here, a direct link is explored between the rotatory movement of ATP synthases and their preference for curved membranes.

Transactional Interpretation and the Generalized Poisson Distribution.

The aim of this paper is to study the quantum-like approach to the description of the market in the context of the principle of minimum Fisher information. We wish to investigate the validity of using squeezed coherent states as market strategies. For this purpose, we focus on the representation of any squeezed coherent state with respect to the basis of the eigenvectors of the observable of market risk.

Activity modulation of the FF ATP synthase by a designed antimicrobial peptide via cardiolipin sequestering.

Most antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) exert their microbicidal activity through membrane permeabilization. The designed AMP EcDBS1R4 has a cryptic mechanism of action involving the membrane hyperpolarization of , suggesting that EcDBS1R4 may hinder processes involved in membrane potential dissipation. We show that EcDBS1R4 can sequester cardiolipin, a phospholipid that interacts with several respiratory complexes of .

Quality Tolerance Limits' Place in the Quality Management System and Link to the Statistical Trial Design: Case Studies and Recommendations from Early Adopters.

Since the release of ICH E6(R2), multiple efforts have been made to interpret the requirements and suggest ways of implementing quality tolerance limits (QTLs) alongside existing risk-based quality management methodologies. While these efforts have contributed positively to developing a common understanding of QTLs, some uncertainty remains regarding implementable approaches. In this article, we review the approaches taken by some leading biopharmaceutical companies, offering recommendations for how to make QTLs most effective, what makes them ineffective, and several case studies to illustrate these concepts.

Cryogenic mirror position actuator for spectroscopic applications.

We demonstrate a mirror position actuator that operates in a wide temperature range from room temperature to a deep cryogenic regime (10 K). We use a Michelson interferometer to measure the actuator tuning range (and piezoelectric efficiency) in the full temperature range. We demonstrate an unprecedented range of tunability of the mirror position in the cryogenic regime (over 22 μm at 10 K).

Insights into the mode of action of the two-peptide lantibiotic lichenicidin.

Lantibiotics are promising candidates to address the worldwide problem of antibiotic resistance. They belong to a class of natural compounds exhibiting strong activity against clinically relevant Gram-positive bacterial strains, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE). Lichenicidin is a class II two-peptide lantibiotic.

Transactional Interpretation for the Principle of Minimum Fisher Information.

The principle of minimum Fisher information states that in the set of acceptable probability distributions characterizing the given system, it is best done by the one that minimizes the corresponding Fisher information. This principle can be applied to transaction processes, the dynamics of which can be interpreted as the market tendency to minimize the information revealed about itself. More information involves higher costs (information is physical).

Historical Benchmarks for Quality Tolerance Limits Parameters in Clinical Trials.

Background: In 2016, the International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use updated its efficacy guideline for good clinical practice and introduced quality tolerance limits (QTLs) as a quality control in clinical trials. Previously, TransCelerate proposed a framework for QTL implementation and parameters. Historical data can be important in helping to determine QTL thresholds in new clinical trials.

Measuring and upscaling micromechanical interactions in a cohesive granular material.

The mechanical properties of a disordered heterogeneous medium depend, in general, on a complex interplay between multiple length scales. Connecting local interactions to macroscopic observables, such as stiffness or fracture, is thus challenging in this type of material. Here, we study the properties of a cohesive granular material composed of glass beads held together by soft polymer bridges.

Lipid membrane-based therapeutics and diagnostics.

Success rates in drug discovery are extremely low, and the imbalance between new drugs entering clinical research and their approval is steadily widening. Among the causes of the failure of new therapeutic agents are the lack of safety and insufficient efficacy. On the other hand, timely disease diagnosis may enable an early management of the disease, generally leading to better and less costly outcomes.

EcDBS1R4, an Antimicrobial Peptide Effective against with In Vitro Fusogenic Ability.

Discovering antibiotic molecules able to hold the growing spread of antimicrobial resistance is one of the most urgent endeavors that public health must tackle. The case of Gram-negative bacterial pathogens is of special concern, as they are intrinsically resistant to many antibiotics, due to an outer membrane that constitutes an effective permeability barrier. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been pointed out as potential alternatives to conventional antibiotics, as their main mechanism of action is membrane disruption, arguably less prone to elicit resistance in pathogens.

Refractory Angina-Unsolved Problem.

The article discusses pharmacologic and interventional therapeutic options for patients with refractory angina. Refractory angina refers to long-lasting symptoms (≥3 months) due to established reversible ischemia in the presence of obstructive coronary artery disease, which cannot be controlled by escalating medical therapy with second-line and third-line pharmacologic agents, bypass grafting, or stenting. Due to an aging population, increased number of comorbidities, and advances in coronary artery disease treatment, incidence of refractory angina is growing.

Quality Tolerance Limits: Framework for Successful Implementation in Clinical Development.

The International Council for Harmonisation (ICH) E6(R2) (International Council for Harmonisation (ICH). ICH harmonised guideline: integrated addendum to ICH E6(R1): guideline for good clinical practice E6(R2). 2016.

Interleukin-33/suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (IL-33/ST2) axis in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies and its association with laboratory and clinical parameters: a pilot study.

Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) are rare connective tissue diseases, which can lead to internal organ involvement. IL-33/ST2 pathway is involved in the pathogenesis of numerous diseases including autoimmune disorders. IL-33 fulfils cardioprotective function, while soluble ST2 (sST2) is a decoy receptor that reduces protective impact of IL-33.

Spectroscopic and theoretical studies of fluorescence effects induced by the ESIPT process in a new derivative 2-Hydroxy-N-(2-phenylethyl)benzamide - Study on the effects of pH and medium polarity changes.

The paper presents the results of studies conducted with the use of stationary and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy for the new derivative 2-Hydroxy-N-(2-phenylethyl)benzamide (SAL-3) in aqueous solutions with various concentrations of hydrogen ions as well as in solvent mixtures (i.e. media with changing polarity/polarizability).

Cardiovascular complications in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: does heart matter in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies?

This review presents a detailed study of original researches and previously published reviews concerning cardiovascular involvement in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM). We aimed to summarize the current knowledge on the cardiac involvement in IIM, evaluate its impact on mortality and indicate areas still awaiting to be investigated. We searched MEDLINE database (until January 2019) and the reference lists of articles.

Advances in Lipid and Metal Nanoparticles for Antimicrobial Peptide Delivery.

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been described as excellent candidates to overcome antibiotic resistance. Frequently, AMPs exhibit a wide therapeutic window, with low cytotoxicity and broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against a variety of pathogens. In addition, some AMPs are also able to modulate the immune response, decreasing potential harmful effects such as sepsis.

Non-Typical Fluorescence Effects and Biological Activity in Selected 1,3,4-thiadiazole Derivatives: Spectroscopic and Theoretical Studies on Substituent, Molecular Aggregation, and pH Effects.

The below article presents the results of spectroscopic research, theoretical (time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT)), microbiological, and antioxidative calculations for three compounds from the group of 1,3,4-thiadiazoles: 2-amino-5-phenyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole (TB), 2-amino-5-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole (TS), 2-amino-5-(2-hydroxy-5-sulfobenzoyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole (TSF). In the fluorescence emission spectra (TS) of solutions with varying concentrations of hydrogen ions, a particularly interesting effect of dual fluorescence was observed. The aforementioned effect was observed even more clearly in the environment of butan-1-ol, relative to the compound's concentration.

Effect of Antazoline on Electrophysiological Properties of Atrial Muscle and Conduction System of the Heart.

Purpose: Antazoline is a first-generation antihistaminic agent with additional anticholinergic properties and antiarrhythmic potential. Recent data shows its high effectiveness in sinus rhythm restoration among patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. The effect of antazoline on electrophysiological parameters of the heart in vivo has not yet been examined.

From blood coagulation to innate and adaptive immunity: the role of platelets in the physiology and pathology of autoimmune disorders.

Thrombosis and cardiovascular complications are common manifestations of a variety of pathological conditions, including infections and chronic inflammatory diseases. Hence, there is great interest in determining the hitherto unforeseen immune role of the main blood coagulation executor-the platelet. Platelets store and release a plethora of immunoactive molecules, generate microparticles, and interact with cells classically belonging to the immune system.

A modular approach for multifunctional polymersomes with controlled adhesive properties.

The bottom-up approach in synthetic biology involves the engineering of synthetic cells by designing biological and chemical building blocks, which can be combined in order to mimic cellular functions. The first step for mimicking a living cell is the design of an appropriate compartment featuring a multifunctional membrane. This is of particular interest since it allows for the selective attachment of different groups or molecules to the membrane.

Spectroscopic and Theoretical Studies of Fluorescence Effects in 2-Methylamino-5-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole Induced by Molecular Aggregation.

The article presents the results of fluorescence analyses of 2-methylamino-5-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole (MDFT) in an aqueous environment. MDFT dissolved in aqueous solutions with a pH value in the range from 1 to 4.5 yielded an interesting effect of two clearly separated fluorescence emissions.