The Ototoxicity of Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine: A Systematic Review.

 Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine are antimalarial drugs widely used in the treatment of rheumatic diseases. With the global pandemic caused by the new coronavirus, there was an increase in the prescription of these drugs, which led to a major concern regarding their ototoxic effects.  The objective of the present study was to assess existing scientific evidence about the toxic effects of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine on the peripheral and/or central auditory system.

Morphometric Evaluation of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve of Wistar Rats Exposed to Pesticides.

The literature has been shown that exposition by inhalation to chemical compounds can cause vocal disorders and dysphagia in humans, in addition to other symptoms that are manifested according to the type, concentration and duration of exposure to the substance. Cypermethrin and dichlorvos are pesticides widely used in agriculture, public health, veterinary, and home environments. Despite the scientific evidence that cypermethrin and dichlorvos can cause neurodegenerative damage and motor alterations, there are no studies evaluating the toxic effects of these pesticides on the morphology of structures responsible for vocal mobility, especially to the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve (RLN).

Effects of subchronic inhalation exposure to an organophosphorus insecticide compound containing dichlorvos on wistar rats' otoacoustic emissions.

Introduction: Considering that previous studies suggest that pesticides may cause hearing disorders in humans, as well as the lack of studies proving the specific mechanisms of injury and the difficulty of separating concomitant etiological factors of the hearing damage, such as noise and vibration, it is important to develop studies using animal models to elucidate the effects of exposure to those substances isolated from other hearing damage etiologies.

Objective: To evaluate if the exposure to a dichlorvos based organophosphorus insecticide may induce ototoxicity.

Methods: 36 male Wistar rats were assigned to 3 groups (12 rats/group): control (exposed to water), positive control (treated with cisplatin to induce hearing damage) and experimental (exposed to dichlorvos based organophosphorus insecticide).

Central auditory processing in teenagers with non-cholesteatomatous chronic otitis media.

Introduction: Evidences of possible effects of early age otitis media with effusion in the central auditory processing, emphasize the need to consider such effects also in subjects with chronic otitis media.

Aim: To investigate and analyze the impact of non-cholesteatomatous chronic otitis media on central auditory processing in teenagers.

Methods: This is a study in which 68 teenagers were recruited, 34 with a diagnosis of non-cholesteatomatous chronic otitis media (study group) and 34 without otological disease history (control group).

Ototoxicity of cypermethrin in Wistar rats.

Introduction: This study presents the effect of cypermethrin on the cochlear function in Wistar rats post-subchronic inhalation exposure. Worldwide several pesticides are described as causing health disorders. Cypermethrin is currently one of the most commonly used, however, little is known about its harmful effects, especially related to hearing.

Correlation between cognitive functions and central auditory processing in adolescents with non-cholesteatomatous chronic otitis media.

Unlabelled: Auditory deprivation associated with early otitis media with effusion has been considered a risk factor for central auditory processing (CAP), as well as for the development of a number of cognitive functions.

Objective: To study the neuropsychological functions of attention, working memory and executive function in adolescents with and without non-cholesteatomatous chronic otitis media (NCCOM) and analyze their interrelationships with the behavioral evaluation of CAP.

Methods: Sixty-eight adolescents were recruited, 34 were diagnosed with NCCOM (study group - SG), and 34 had no otological history (control group - CG).

Questionnaires and checklists for central auditory processing screening used in Brazil: a systematic review.

Introduction: The action of listening involves a complex interaction between the peripheral and central auditory systems. Central auditory processing disorder can be described as any problem in one or more auditory abilities. Literature reports that behavioral questionnaires and checklists can be applied to screen individuals at risk for central auditory processing disorder.

Monitoring of hearing and language in primary health care: project pilot.

This article analyzes the feasibility of implementing a program that monitors the hearing and language development in the first year of life. It is a prospective longitudinal study, in which 41 community health workers were invited to monitor, on a monthly basis, by means of a questionnaire validated earlier, the hearing and language of children born in their micro areas of expertise. Thirty-nine community health workers agreed to participate, with only two refusals.

Newborn hearing screening in neonates exposed to psychoactive drugs.

Introduction In pregnancy, the mother and fetus share body structures based on the maternal organism. Exposure to psychoactive drugs in this period may have repercussions on the baby's hearing. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate this association.

Auditory brainstem response in gas station attendants.

Unlabelled: Ototoxicity of organic solvents can affect the hearing system up to the cochlea level and the central structures of hearing.

Objective: To evaluate the neurophysiological integrity of the hearing system in subjects exposed to fuels using ABR.

Method: Prospective study.