The Effect of Ascorbic Acid on Hepatic Ischaemia-Reperfusion Injury in Wistar Rats: An Experimental Study.

Liver ischaemia-reperfusion (IR) during hepatic surgeries can lead to liver cell death via oxidative stress and the activation of immune cells, the release of cytokines, and damage-associated molecular patterns. Ascorbic acid has been shown to confer potential protective effects against IR injury, mainly due to its antioxidant properties. This study evaluated the effect of ascorbic acid infusion at different time points during hepatic IR in rats.

Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells gene expression involvement in porcine liver transplant experimental model.

Purpose: Gene expressions of vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Alpha (VEGFa), Nuclear Factor Kappa-Light-Chain-Enhancer of Activated B cells (NFkB) and cytokines could be useful for identifying potential therapeutic targets to alleviate ischemia-reperfusion injury after liver transplantation. Cytokine gene expressions, VEGFa and NFkB were investigated in a preclinical swine model of liver transplantation.

Methods: A total of 12 pigs were used as donors and recipients in liver transplantation without venovenous bypass or aortic clamping.

TUMOR MARKERS EXPRESSION LEVELS IN GASTRIC CANCER PATIENT'S PERIPHERAL BLOOD BY RT-PCR ASSESSMENT.

Background: Hematological recurrence is the second most frequent cause of failure in the treatment of gastric cancer. The detection of circulating tumor markers in peripheral blood by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) method may be a useful tool to predict recurrence and determine the patient's prognosis. However, no consensus has been reached regarding the association between the tumor markers level in peripheral blood and its impact on patient survival.

Study of laser fluorescence spectroscopy in livers of rats with hypothermic ischemia.

Purpose: After partial hepatectomy (PH), the remaining liver (RL) undergoes regenerative response proportional to the host. Limited literature exists on hepatic viability after tissue injury during hypothermic preservation. Spectroscopy measures cellular fluorescence and is explored for tissue characterization and parameter investigation.

The Protective Effect of Nutraceuticals on Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Wistar Rats.

Nutraceuticals are bioactive compounds present in foods, utilized to ameliorate health, prevent diseases, and support the proper functioning of the human body. They have gained attention due to their ability to hit multiple targets and act as antioxidants, anti-inflammatory agents, and modulators of immune response and cell death. Therefore, nutraceuticals are being studied to prevent and treat liver ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI).

MICRObiota on BILIOpancreatic malignant diseases [MICROBILIO]: A systematic review.

Introduction: The increase in the incidence of pancreatic and biliary cancers has attracted the search for methods of early detection of diseases and biomarkers. The authors propose to analyze new findings on the association between microbiota and Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) or Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA).

Methods: This systematic review was carried out according to the items of Preferred Reports for Systematic Reviews and Protocol Meta-Analysis (PRISMA-P).

THYLENETETRAHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE GENE POLYMORPHISMS AND SUSCEPTIBILITY TO ESOPHAGEAL CANCER: A CASE-CONTROL STUDY.

Background: The enzyme methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase is engaged in DNA synthesis through folate metabolism. Inhibiting the activity of this enzyme increases the susceptibility to mutations, and damage and aberrant DNA methylation, which alters the gene expression of tumor suppressors and proto-oncogenes, potential risk factors for esophageal cancer.

Aims: This study aimed to investigate the association between methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 677C>T and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 1298A>C polymorphisms and susceptibility to esophageal cancer, by assessing the distribution of genotypes and haplotypes between cases and controls, as well as to investigate the association of polymorphisms with clinical and epidemiological characteristics and survival.

Comparison of three different strategies to treat sciatic nerve regeneration: an experimental study.

Purpose: To compare the effect of vein conduit filled with adipose tissue stem cells (ASC) on peripheral nerve injury regeneration.

Methods: We analyzed 30 male Wistar rats surgically submitted to a 5-mm gap on the sciatic nerve. Then, the animals were divided into three groups: nerve autografting (AG, n=10), autogenous inverted glycerol-conserved vein (VG, n=10), and autogenous inverted glycerol-conserved vein + ASC (VASCG, n=10).

The influence of adipocyte-derived stem cells (ASCs) on the ischemic epigastric flap survival in diabetic rats.

Purpose: To assess the effects of adipocyte-derived stem cell (ASC)-injection on the survival of surgical flaps under ischemia in diabetic rats.

Methods: Diabetes was induced in 30 male Wistar rats using streptozotocin (55 mg/kg). After eight weeks, epigastric flap (EF) surgery was performed.

Aerobic Exercise Training Exerts Beneficial Effects Upon Oxidative Metabolism and Non-Enzymatic Antioxidant Defense in the Liver of Leptin Deficiency Mice.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common forms of liver disease, which is associated with several etiological factors, including stress and dysfunction in oxidative metabolism. However, studies showed that aerobic exercise training (AET) can combat the oxidative stress (OS) and improves mitochondrial functionality in the NAFLD. To test the hypothesis that AET improves oxidative metabolism and antioxidant defense in the liver of mice.

Effects of Aerobic Exercise Protocol on Genes Related to Insulin Resistance and Inflammation in the Pancreas of ob/ob Mice with NAFLD.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of 8 weeks of aerobic training on insulin resistance and inflammatory response in obese mice (ob/ob) with NAFLD.

Materials And Methods: Male ob/ob mice were randomly divided into sedentary (n=7) and trained (n=7) groups. Aerobic training consisted of 5 weekly sessions, 60 min per session at 60% of the maximum speed of the running test.

THE M-RNA, EXPRESSION OF SERCA2 AND NCX1 IN THE PROCESS OF PHARMACOLOGICAL CELL PROTECTION IN EXPERIMENTAL ACUTE PANCREATITIS INDUCED BY TAUROCHOLATE.

Background: Intracellular calcium overload is known to be a precipitating factor of pancreatic cell injury in acute pancreatitis (AP). Intracellular calcium homeostasis depends of Plasmatic Membrane Calcium ATPase (PMCA), Sarcoplasmic Endothelial Reticulum Calcium ATPase 2 (SERCA 2) and the Sodium Calcium Exchanger (NCX1). The antioxidant melatonin (Mel) and Trisulfate Disaccharide (TD) that accelerates NCX1 action could reduce the cell damage determined by the AP.

Cyclooxygenase-2 gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to colorectal cancer in a Brazilian population.

Background: Multi-ethnicity of Brazilian population displays high levels of genomic diversity. Polymorphism may detect people at higher risk of developing cancer, distinctive response to treatment, and prognosis. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is induced in response to growth factors and cytokines, and is expressed in inflammatory diseases, precancerous lesions and colorectal cancer (CRC).

Which is the best route of administration for cell therapy in experimental model of small-for size syndrome in rats?

Purpose: To evaluate which is the best route of administration for cell therapy in experimental rat model of small-for size syndrome.

Methods: A total of 40 rats underwent partial hepatectomy (70%) that induces the small-for-size syndrome and were divided into four groups of route administration: intravenous, intraperitoneal, enteral and tracheal. The small-for-size syndrome model was designed with extended partial hepatectomy (70%).

Surfactant protein A is decreased in the lung of rats with hepatopulmonary syndrome.

Purpose: To evaluate surfactant protein A levels in an hepatopulmonary syndrome rat model. To date, there have been no studies aimed at evaluating surfactant levels in the setting of cirrhosis or hepatopulmonary syndrome.

Methods: A total of 35 rats were divided into control, sham, and experimental HPS groups.

Severe acute pancreatitis: a possible role of intramyocardial cytokine production.

Context: Several mechanisms are involved in the development of the local and systemic response in acute pancreatitis. Cardiovascular system may be affected throughout the clinical course of acute pancreatitis. The aim was to evaluate local myocardial cytokine production, as well as, functional and histological myocardial alterations in severe acute pancreatitis.

Myeloperoxidase activity is increased in hepatopulmonary syndrome in rats.

Background: Hepatopulmonary syndrome is formed by a triad of liver disease, intrapulmonary vascular dilatation and changes in blood gases. Its pathogenesis is not well defined, but it is speculated that a combination of factors, such as the imbalance of endothelin receptor responses, pulmonary microvascular remodeling, and genetic predisposition, leads to bacterial translocation and intrapulmonary vascular dilatation.

Aim: To evaluate the myeloperoxidase activity in hepatopulmonary syndrome in rat model.

HOXB7 mRNA is overexpressed in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas and its knockdown induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.

Background: Human homeobox genes encode nuclear proteins that act as transcription factors involved in the control of differentiation and proliferation. Currently, the role of these genes in development and tumor progression has been extensively studied. Recently, increased expression of HOXB7 homeobox gene (HOXB7) in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAC) was shown to correlate with an invasive phenotype, lymph node metastasis and worse survival outcomes, but no influence on cell proliferation or viability was detected.

Pentoxifylline improves liver regeneration through down-regulation of TNF-α synthesis and TGF-β1 gene expression.

Aim: To investigate the mechanism of pentoxifylline (PTX) improvement in liver regeneration.

Results: Rats were randomized into 4 groups: Control rats; Sham - sham-operation rats; Saline - 70% hepatectomy plus saline solution; PTX - 70% hepatectomy plus PTX. At 2 and 6 h after hepatectomy, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin-6 (IL-6) serum and hepatic tissue levels were determined.

Long noncoding intronic RNAs are differentially expressed in primary and metastatic pancreatic cancer.

Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is known by its aggressiveness and lack of effective therapeutic options. Thus, improvement in current knowledge of molecular changes associated with pancreatic cancer is urgently needed to explore novel venues of diagnostics and treatment of this dismal disease. While there is mounting evidence that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) transcribed from intronic and intergenic regions of the human genome may play different roles in the regulation of gene expression in normal and cancer cells, their expression pattern and biological relevance in pancreatic cancer is currently unknown.

Valproic acid inhibits human hepatocellular cancer cells growth in vitro and in vivo.

Background: Valproic acid (VPA) a histone deacetylase inhibitor has been shown to inhibit the growth of a variety of cancer cells. We examined the effect of VPA in human hepatocellular cancer cells (HuH7) in vitro and in vivo. We hypothesized that VPA may be able to modulate Notch-1 signaling in hepatic carcinoma cells, with antitumor effects.

Decreased immunoexpression of survivin could be a potential marker in human non-alcoholic fatty liver disease progression?

Background/aim: Regulation of apoptosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been a theme of growing debate. Although no other study assessed the role of survivin in NAFLD, its expression has been reported in hepatic carcinogenesis because of other aetiological factors with relevant discrepancies. The aim of this study was to assess the pattern of survivin immunoexpression by tissue microarray along the whole spectrum of NAFLD, including non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

A role for mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway in non alcoholic steatohepatitis related-cirrhosis.

Unlabelled: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) encompasses the whole spectrum of steatosis, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and NASH-related cirrhosis (NASH/Cir). Although molecular advances have been made in this field, the pathogenesis of NAFLD is not completely understood. The gene expression profiling associated to NASH/Cir was assessed, in an attempt to better characterize the pathways involved in its etiopathogenesis.

A new experimental model for acute hepatic failure in rats.

Purpose: To develop a reliable surgical model of acute hepatic failure and hyperammonemia in rats that avoids porto-systemic shunt and bile duct ligation, applicable to hepatic encephalopathy research.

Methods: The pedicles of right lateral and caudate lobes were exposed and clamped. One hour later, the animal was reopened, clamps were released and anterior subtotal hepatectomy (resection of median and left lateral lobes) was performed, comprising 75% of liver removal.

Beneficial effects of N-acetyl cysteine on pancreas and kidney following experimental pancreatic ischemia-reperfusion in rats.

Objective: To evaluate the protective effects of N-acetyl cysteine on the pancreas and kidney after pancreatic ischemia reperfusion injury in a rat model.

Methods And Materials: Pancreatic ischemia reperfusion was performed in Wistar rats for 1 hour. Revascularization was achieved followed by 4 h of reperfusion.