Decision Making in the Restoration of Endodontically Treated Teeth: Effect of Biomimetic Dentistry Training.

The restoration of endodontically treated teeth (ETT) is challenging as these teeth often present with structural deficiencies. Currently, there is no consensus regarding the final restoration choice. Historically, the full coverage crown was the universally selected treatment for endodontically treated teeth.

Chapter 8: Risk Assessment: Considerations for Coronal Caries.

Caries risk assessment (CRA) is essential to delivering personalized/precision care in caries management. Limited formal evaluation and validation of existing CRA tools affects the ability to accurately predict new lesions. However, this should not prevent clinicians from assessing modifiable risk factors to guide preventive measures and address individual needs to personalize care.

Caries Management in Special Care Dentistry.

The objective of this article is to provide a summary of the current evidence-based recommendations for caries management in patients with special health care needs (SHCNs). Considerations regarding caries risk assessment and preventive measures are also discussed with the goal of helping clinicians to manage the caries disease process using a person-centered approach and risk-based interventions. Importantly, most of the evidence is still based on the general population, because the evidence for those with SHCNs is still limited.

Screening methylation of DNA repair genes in the oral mucosa of chronic smokers.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the epigenetic changes in the process of oral carcinogenesis by screening the methylation of repair genes in chronic smokers.

Design: Two groups were formed: Group 1: 16 smokers with consumption of 20 cigarettes/day for at least 10 years; and Group 2: 10 non-smoking. Exfoliative cytology of the tongue was performed, and the extracted DNA was treated by enzymes.

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma mimicking a mucocele (ranula) in the floor of the mouth.

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is the most common salivary gland malignancy. The submandibular gland is rarely involved, about less than 10% of all other major salivary glands. We report a case of a 49-year-old female who presented with a mass on the left side of the floor of the mouth.

Endothelial cell-derived interleukin-6 regulates tumor growth.

Background: Endothelial cells play a complex role in the pathobiology of cancer. This role is not limited to the making of blood vessels to allow for influx of oxygen and nutrients required for the high metabolic demands of tumor cells. Indeed, it has been recently shown that tumor-associated endothelial cells secrete molecules that enhance tumor cell survival and cancer stem cell self-renewal.

Root surface treatment using diode laser in delayed tooth replantation: radiographic and histomorphometric analyses in rats.

Unlabelled: BACKGROUND AIM:  The aim of this study was to evaluate, by radiographic and histomorphometric analyses, the effects of high-power diode laser irradiation on the root surfaces of delayed replanted rat teeth.

Material And Methods:   Maxillary right incisors were extracted from 60 Wistar rats and kept dry for 60 min. Subsequently, the root canals were prepared and filled with calcium hydroxide paste.

Clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical features of oral neurofibroma.

Objective: The purposes of this study were to assess clinical, histopathological and immunohistochemical features of 22 oral neurofibromas (NFs) and discuss with previously described literature, addressing the main aspects regarding the differential diagnosis.

Materials And Methods: Immunohistochemical reactions included S-100, CD34, GLUT-1, EMA, Ki-67, p53 and Collagen IV and histochemical reactions for Alcian blue.

Results: Clinically, the preferential location was the maxillary bones, tongue and buccal mucosa.

Oral granuloma formation after injection of cosmetic filler.

The increased use of orofacial fillers in cosmetic procedures has led to new diagnostic challenges for dentists and oral pathologists. Here, we describe a case with multiple oral foreign body granulomas, which were formed after a polymethylmetacrylate injection for cosmetic purposes.

Endothelial derived factors inhibit anoikis of head and neck cancer stem cells.

Recent evidence demonstrated that cancer stem cells reside in close proximity to blood vessels in human head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). These findings suggest the existence of a supporting perivascular niche for cancer stem cells. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of endothelial cell-secreted factors on the behavior of head and neck cancer stem-like cells (HNCSC).

HOXB5 expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Unlabelled: Human HOX genes encode transcription factors that act as master regulators of embryonic development. They are important in several processes such as cellular morphogenesis and differentiation. The HOXB5 gene in particular has been reported in some types of neoplasm, but not in oral cancer.

Diagnostic implications of oral intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia.

This study examined the clinical, histological, and immunohistochemical features as well as the differential diagnoses of oral intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia (IPEH) to aid clinicians and pathologists in its diagnosis. Clinical features of five oral IPEH cases were obtained from medical records, and all histopathological diagnoses were reviewed. Immunohistochemical reactions, including anti-CD-34, laminin, vimentin, estrogen receptor alpha, and Ki-67, were assessed.

Time- and concentration-dependent cytotoxicity of antibiotics used in endodontic therapy.

Objective: New drugs have to be assessed in endodontic therapy due to the presence of microorganisms resistant to therapeutic procedures. Thus, this study evaluated the time- and concentration-dependent cytotoxicity of different antibiotics used in endodontic therapy.

Material And Methods: Human gingival fibroblasts were treated and divided into the following experimental groups: Group I - control; Group II - ciprofloxacin hydrochloride; Group III - clyndamicin hydrochloride; and Group IV - metronidazole.

Metronomic small molecule inhibitor of Bcl-2 (TW-37) is antiangiogenic and potentiates the antitumor effect of ionizing radiation.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of a metronomic (low-dose, high-frequency) small-molecule inhibitor of Bcl-2 (TW-37) in combination with radiotherapy on microvascular endothelial cells in vitro and in tumor angiogenesis in vivo.

Methods And Materials: Primary human dermal microvascular endothelial cells were exposed to ionizing radiation and/or TW-37 and colony formation, as well as capillary sprouting in three-dimensional collagen matrices, was evaluated. Xenografts vascularized with human blood vessels were engineered by cotransplantation of human squamous cell carcinoma cells (OSCC3) and human dermal microvascular endothelial cells seeded in highly porous biodegradable scaffolds into the subcutaneous space of immunodeficient mice.

Removal of a partial denture from the esophagus with the aid of an endoscope.

Swallowed prostheses have been described in the literature, and in some cases, the diagnosis can be challenging, especially if the partial or complete denture is metal-free. This article presents a case of a swallowed partial denture and points to the importance of early diagnosis. A man was admitted to the emergency room complaining of progressive breathing difficulty while presenting with an extra volume in his neck.

Giant cell fibroma of the maxillary gingiva in children: a case report.

The purpose of this paper is to describe a giant cell fibroma in the maxillary gingiva of an 11-year-old girl. After excisional biopsy, histological examination showed the presence of numerous giant, multinucleated, stellate-shaped cells dispersed throughout the fibrous tissue of the lamina propria. No recurrence was observed after the 1-year follow-up.

Interleukin-1 beta and interleukin-8 in healthy and inflamed dental pulps.

Unlabelled: After aggression to the dental pulp, some cells produce cytokines in order to start and control the inflammatory process. Among these cytokines, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) emerge as important ones.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the location, distribution and concentration of these cytokines in healthy and inflamed dental pulps.

Atypical presentation of oral basaloid squamous cell carcinoma.

Aim: The purpose of this report is to present the clinical and histological features of a basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC) occurring in the retromolar trigone of a 59-year-old man and to relate its immunohistochemical characteristics.

Background: BSCC is an aggressive distinct variant of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) requiring recognition as a separate entity from SCC due to its peculiar behavior.

Case Report: A clinical examination revealed a 12x07x07 mm nodular mass with a rubbery consistency, defined borders, covered by reddish mucosa and an absence of bleeding upon palpation.

Pseudolipoma in an 18-month-old Caucasian girl: no trauma reported.

We report a pseudolipoma in an 18-month-old Caucasian girl without history of trauma. Clinical and histological findings are discussed and the literature is reviewed.

Occlusal changes in complete dentures processed by pack-and-press and injection-pressing techniques.

Ten pairs of stone casts were mounted in an articulator using a standardized maxillomandibular relation, on which trial dentures were constructed. Two groups were established: GI- pack-and-press technique; GII- injection-pressing technique. Intermaxillar contacts were marked and counted, and the contact between incisal pin and incisal table was measured, before and after the processing.

Symptoms of craniomandibular disorders in elderly Brazilian wearers of complete dentures.

Objective: Investigate the incidence of symptoms of craniomandibular disorder in elderly Brazilian wearers of full dentures.

Design: In this cross-sectional study, a questionnaire based on Helkimo's anamnestic index was applied to a group of 65-year-olds or older individuals who wear a set of full dentures.

Setting: Interviews were carried out at the dental clinics of the University of Taubaté and the University of Vale do Paraíba, Brazil.