Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors: Antimicrobial Activity Against ESKAPEE Bacteria and Mechanisms of Action.

Multidrug-resistant bacteria cause over 700,000 deaths annually, a figure projected to reach 10 million by 2050. Among these bacteria, the ESKAPEE group is notable for its multiple resistance mechanisms. Given the high costs of developing new antimicrobials and the rapid emergence of resistance, drug repositioning offers a promising alternative.

Tuberculosis Diagnosis: Current, Ongoing, and Future Approaches.

Tuberculosis (TB) remains an impactful infectious disease, leading to millions of deaths every year. causes the formation of granulomas, which will determine, through the host-pathogen relationship, if the infection will remain latent or evolve into active disease. Early TB diagnosis is life-saving, especially among immunocompromised individuals, and leads to proper treatment, preventing transmission.

Phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of mecA - positive oxacillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus isolated from patients with bloodstream infection in a tertiary hospital in Southern Brazil.

Staphylococcus aureus are extremely important microorganisms, either from an epidemiological point of view or as a pathogen, responsible for causing a series of infectious processes, whether simple, restricted to the skin, or invasive infections such as bacteremia. The emergence of Oxacillin Sensitive-Methicillin Resistant S.aureus (OS-MRSA) isolates has imposed difficulties in the treatment of patients with staphylococcal infection, as such isolates can be mistakenly classified as sensitive and lead to failure of the therapy used.

High Prevalence of Panton-valentine Leukocidin-encoding Genes in Methicillin-resistant Isolated from Inpatients with Invasive Infections at a University Hospital in Southern Brazil.

Background: Staphylococcus aureus is a major cause of a wide diversity of infections in humans, and the expression of Panton-Valentine Leukocidin (PVL) has been associated with severe clinical syndromes.

Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of PVL-encoding genes in S. aureus isolated from clinical samples of inpatients with invasive infections in a teaching hospital in Southern Brazil.

Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus haemolyticus Displaying Reduced Susceptibility to Vancomycin and High Biofilm-Forming Ability.

Background: Staphylococcus haemolyticus is one of the most frequently coagulasenegative staphylococci isolated from healthcare-associated infections, mainly those related to implanted medical devices.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility profile and biofilm forming capacity of S. haemolyticus isolated from bloodstream infections.

Nasal Carriage by among Healthcare Workers and Students Attending a University Hospital in Southern Brazil: Prevalence, Phenotypic, and Molecular Characteristics.

Background: can asymptomatically colonize the human anterior nares and skin, and nasal colonization by this bacterium represents a potential risk for development of invasive infections. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of nasal carriage among healthcare workers and students attending a university hospital and to characterize the isolates phenotypically and molecularly.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed with 324 volunteers.

Colonization by multidrug-resistant microorganisms of hospitalized newborns and their mothers in the neonatal unit context.

Introduction: The mother plays a fundamental role in the constitution and regulation of her child's healthy microbiota, however, preterm newborns are separated from their mothers soon after birth and transferred to Neonatal Intensive Care Units, being exposed the constant risk for the development of multidrug-resistant microorganisms' infections. The aim of this study was to explore the multidrug-resistant microorganism colonization of hospitalized babies and their mothers in the neonatal unit context.

Methodology: A prospective case study conducted with hospitalized babies and their mothers in the Neonatal Unit at a university hospital.

Colonization profile and duration by multi-resistant organisms in a prospective cohort of newborns after hospital discharge.

The aim of this study was to determine the spontaneous decolonization period and characteristics in a prospective cohort of newborns colonized by multidrug-resistant organisms, after their discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit. Multidrug resistance is defined as bacterial non-susceptibility to ≥ 1 agent of ≥ 3 antimicrobial categories. In total, 618 newborns were included in the study, of which 173 (28.

Bloodstream Infections in Patients at a University Hospital: Virulence Factors and Clinical Characteristics.

Extraintestinal pathogenic (ExPEC) isolates are responsible for many bloodstream infections. The aim of this study was to characterize isolated from the bloodstreams of patients ( = 48) at the University Hospital in Brazil. Epidemiological data were obtained through the analysis of medical records and laboratory tests.

Draft Genome Sequence of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faecium UEL170 (Sequence Type 412), Isolated from a Patient with Urinary Tract Infection in a Tertiary Hospital in Southern Brazil.

Enterococcus faecium is a leading cause of health care-associated infections, with specific lineages circulating in hospital settings worldwide. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of the multidrug-resistant and biofilm-producing E. faecium UEL170, sequence type 412 (ST412), isolated from an inpatient with a urinary tract infection.

Fatal sepsis caused by mecA-positive oxacillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus: First report in a tertiary hospital of southern Brazil.

mecA-positive oxacillin phenotypically susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (OS-MRSA) is increasingly reported worldwide. This bacterium poses a therapeutic threat, as it can be misidentified as an oxacillin-susceptible organism by phenotypic methods that are routinely used in the majority of clinical microbiology laboratories. Herein, we report the first case of fatal sepsis in a 43-year-old female patient caused by an OS-MRSA SCCmec type IVa/ST1/CC1 in a tertiary hospital in southern Brazil, which highlights the difficulties involved in diagnosing this bacterium.

Disseminated Clonal Complex 5 (CC5) methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus SCCmec type II in a tertiary hospital of Southern Brazil.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the leading causes of human infections worldwide, with major dominant lineage circulating in particular geographical regions. The Brazilian Epidemic Clone (BEC, SCCmec III, ST 239) has been predominant in most Brazilian hospitals. Here, we report the prevalence of MRSA SCCmec type II exhibiting different STs, most of them belonging to CC5 in a tertiary hospital in Southern Brazil.

Development of a melting-curve based multiplex real-time PCR assay for simultaneous detection of Streptococcus agalactiae and genes encoding resistance to macrolides and lincosamides.

Background: Streptococcus agalactiae or Group B Streptococcus (GBS) remains the leading cause of infections in newborns worldwilde. Prenatal GBS screening of pregnant women for vaginal-rectal colonization is recommended in many countries to manage appropriate intrapartum antimicrobial prophylaxis for those identified as carriers. In this study, a novel melting-curve based multiplex real-time PCR assay for the simultaneous detection of GBS and macrolide and lincosamide resistance markers was developed.

Antimicrobial activity evaluation and comparison of methods of susceptibility for Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)-producing Enterobacter spp. isolates.

The production of KPC (Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase) is the major mechanism of resistance to carbapenem agents in enterobacterias. In this context, forty KPC-producing Enterobacter spp. clinical isolates were studied.

Comparison of HRM analysis and three REP-PCR genomic fingerprint methods for rapid typing of MRSA at a Brazilian hospital.

Introduction: Infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria are increasingly common and represent a serious problem for public health. Staphylococcus aureus is one of the major agents of infections, and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) has spread worldwide.

Antibacterial Combination of Oleoresin from Copaifera multijuga Hayne and Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles Towards Streptococcus agalactiae.

Background: Streptococcus agalactiae (group B Streptococcus - GBS) remains a leading cause of neonatal infections and an important cause of invasive infections in adults with underlying conditions.

Methods: This study evaluated for the first time the effect of an oleoresin collected from Copaifera multijuga Hayne (copaiba oil) alone or in combination with silver nanoparticles produced by green synthesis using Fusarium oxysporum (AgNPbio) against planktonic and sessile cells of GBS isolated from colonized women.

Results: Copaiba oil showed a dose-dependent bactericidal activity against planktonic GBS strains, including those resistant to erythromycin and/or clindamycin.

Molecular and phenotypic characteristics of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from hospitalized patients.

Introduction: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the leading causes of infections acquired in both community and hospital settings. In this study, MRSA isolated from different sources of hospitalized patients was characterized by molecular and phenotypic methods.

Methodology: A total of 123 S.

Effect of Eugenol against Streptococcus agalactiae and Synergistic Interaction with Biologically Produced Silver Nanoparticles.

Streptococcus agalactiae (group B streptococci (GBS)) is an important infections agent in newborns associated with maternal vaginal colonization. Intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis in GBS-colonized pregnant women has led to a significant reduction in the incidence of early neonatal infection in various geographic regions. However, this strategy may lead to resistance selecting among GBS, indicating the need for new alternatives to prevent bacterial transmission and even to treat GBS infections.

Commensal Streptococcus agalactiae isolated from patients seen at University Hospital of Londrina, Paraná, Brazil: capsular types, genotyping, antimicrobial susceptibility and virulence determinants.

Background: Streptococcus agalactiae or Group B Streptococci (GBS) have the ability to access various host sites, which reflects its adaptability to different environments during the course of infection. This adaptation is due to the expression of virulence factors that are involved with survival, invasion and bacterial persistence in the host. This study aimed to characterize GBS isolates from women of reproductive age seen at University Hospital of Londrina, according to capsular typing, genetic relatedness, antimicrobial susceptibility profile and occurrence of virulence determinants.

Antibacterial activity of extracellular compounds produced by a Pseudomonas strain against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains.

Background: The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria is a world health problem. Staphylococcus aureus, including methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains, is one of the most important human pathogens associated with hospital and community-acquired infections.

Virulence determinants in vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium vanA isolated from different sources at University Hospital of Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.

Enterococcus faecium, especially those showing multidrug resistance, has emerged as a significant cause of healthcare-associated infections worldwide. However, relatively little is known about the virulence and pathogenesis of this species. The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of four putative virulence determinants of E.