Racial and ethnic differences in the risk of dementia diagnosis under hypothetical blood pressure-lowering interventions: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.

Introduction: Substantial racial and ethnic disparities in hypertension and dementia exist in the United States. We evaluated the effect of maintaining systolic blood pressure (SBP) below clinical thresholds on dementia incidence.

Methods: We included 6806 Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis participants (44 to 84 years old).

Exposure to residential greenness, perceived stress, and depressive symptoms in a North American preconception cohort.

Background: Studies suggest that greater exposure to natural vegetation (i.e., greenness) is associated with better mental health.

Associations of street-view greenspace with Parkinson's disease hospitalizations in an open cohort of elderly US Medicare beneficiaries.

Introduction: Protective associations of greenspace with Parkinson's disease (PD) have been observed in some studies. Visual exposure to greenspace seems to be important for some of the proposed pathways underlying these associations. However, most studies use overhead-view measures (e.

Green Space and Internalizing or Externalizing Symptoms Among Children.

Importance: Evidence suggests that living near green space supports mental health, but studies examining the association of green space with early mental health symptoms among children are rare.

Objective: To evaluate the association between residential green space and early internalizing (eg, anxiety and depression) and externalizing (eg, aggression and rule-breaking) symptoms.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Data for this cohort study were drawn from the Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes cohort; analysis was conducted from July to October 2023.

Racial and ethnic differences in the association between depressive symptoms and cognitive outcomes in older adults: Findings from KHANDLE and STAR.

Introduction: Depressive symptoms are associated with higher risk of dementia, but how they impact cognition in diverse populations is unclear.

Methods: Asian, Black, Latino, or White participants (n = 2227) in the Kaiser Healthy Aging and Diverse Life Experiences (age 65+) and the Study of Healthy Aging in African Americans (age 50+) underwent up to three waves of cognitive assessments over 4 years. Multilevel models stratified by race/ethnicity were used to examine whether depressive symptoms were associated with cognition or cognitive decline and whether associations differed by race/ethnicity.

Racial and Ethnic Differences in the Association between Depressive Symptoms and Cognitive Outcomes in Older Adults: Findings from KHANDLE and STAR.

Introduction: Depressive symptoms are associated with higher risk of dementia but how they impact cognition in diverse populations is unclear.

Methods: Asian, Black, LatinX, or White participants (n=2,227) in the Kaiser Healthy Aging and Diverse Life Experiences (age 65+) and the Study of Healthy Aging in African Americans (age 50+) underwent up to three waves of cognitive assessments over four years. Multilevel models stratified by race/ethnicity were used to examine whether depressive symptoms were associated with cognition or cognitive decline and whether associations differed by race/ethnicity.

Diversity of Studies on Neighborhood Greenspace and Brain Health by Racialized/Ethnic Group and Geographic Region: A Rapid Review.

Studies examining associations between greenspace and Alzheimer's disease and related dementia (ADRD) outcomes are rapidly on the rise, yet no known literature reviews have summarized the racialized/ethnic group and geographic variation of those published studies. This is a significant gap given the known disparities in both greenspace access and ADRD risk between racialized/ethnic groups and between developed versus developing countries. In this rapid literature review, we (1) describe the diversity of published greenspace-brain health studies with respect to racialized/ethnic groups and geographic regions; (2) determine the extent to which published studies have investigated racialized/ethnic group differences in associations; and (3) review methodological issues surrounding studies of racialized/ethnic group disparities in greenspace and brain health associations.

Development of a global urban greenness indicator dataset for 1,000+ cities.

Global climate change has sparked efforts to adapt to increasing temperatures, especially in urban areas that experience increased day and nighttime temperatures due to the urban heat island effect. The addition of greenspace has been suggested as a possible means for urban centers to respond to increasing urban temperatures. Thus, it is important for urban planning and policymakers to have access to data on greenspace specific at a fine spatial resolution.

Associations of Greenness, Parks, and Blue Space With Neurodegenerative Disease Hospitalizations Among Older US Adults.

Importance: Exposure to natural environments has been associated with health outcomes related to neurological diseases. However, the few studies that have examined associations of natural environments with neurological diseases report mixed findings.

Objective: To evaluate associations of natural environments with hospital admissions for Alzheimer disease and related dementias (ADRD) and Parkinson disease (PD) among older adults in the US.

Green Space Exposure and Obesity in the Mexican Adult Population.

Green space or natural vegetation may reduce obesity risk by increasing opportunities for physical activity or reducing stress and exposure to other pollutants. Obesity prevalence in Mexico is ranked among the highest in the world. However, research on the association between green space and obesity in Mexico is lacking.

Longitudinal neighbourhood determinants with cognitive health and dementia disparities: protocol of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis Neighborhoods and Aging prospective cohort study.

Introduction: The burden of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and AD-related dementias (ADRD) is increasing nationally and globally, with disproportionate impacts on lower-income, lower education and systematically marginalised older adults. Presence of inequalities in neighbourhood factors (eg, social context, physical and built environments) may affect risk of cognitive decline and be key for intervening on AD/ADRD disparities at the population level. However, existing studies are limited by a dearth of longitudinal, detailed neighbourhood measures linked to rich, prospective cohort data.

Increasing Representation of Epidemiologists From Around the World in the Society for Epidemiologic Research: The Case of Mexico.

Mexico has a population of 129 million and is considered one of the most unequal countries in the world, suffering from widespread health disparities. There is a pressing need to strengthen epidemiologic capacity in Mexico, to help solve the complex health problems the country faces and to reduce health inequities. However, the representation of Mexican epidemiologists in the largest epidemiologic society in North America is low, despite the short distance to the United States.

Is Greenness Associated with Dementia? A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-analysis.

Purpose Of Review: We assessed the relation between environmental greenness and risk of dementia and cognitive impairment, based on a systematic review and meta-analysis up to March 30, 2022, characterizing whenever possible the shape of the association using dose-response meta-analysis.

Recent Findings: Twelve studies were included in this review, either using normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) or land use/cover (LU/LC) methodology to assess greenness. Comparing the highest versus lowest exposure categories of greenness assessed using the NDVI (6 studies) or LU/LC (6 studies), we found no association with dementia.

Street-view greenspace exposure and objective sleep characteristics among children.

Greenspace may benefit sleep by enhancing physical activity, reducing stress or air pollution exposure. Studies on greenspace and children's sleep are limited, and most use satellite-derived measures that do not capture ground-level exposures that may be important for sleep. We examined associations of street view imagery (SVI)-based greenspace with sleep in Project Viva, a Massachusetts pre-birth cohort.

Benefits of Increasing Greenness on All-Cause Mortality in the Largest Metropolitan Areas of the United States Within the Past Two Decades.

Across the United States, cities are creating sustainability and climate action plans (CAPs) that call to increase local vegetation. These greening initiatives have the potential to not only benefit the environment but also human health. In epidemiologic literature, greenness has a protective effect on mortality through various direct and indirect pathways.

Residential Green Space and Cognitive Function in a Large Cohort of Middle-Aged Women.

Importance: Green space can decelerate cognitive decline by supporting physical activity, psychological restoration, or reducing exposure to air pollution. However, existing studies on the association of green space with cognitive decline are limited.

Objective: To examine whether residential green space was associated with cognitive function in middle-aged women.

Effects of demolishing abandoned buildings on firearm violence: a moderation analysis using aerial imagery and deep learning.

Purpose: Demolishing abandoned buildings has been found to reduce nearby firearm violence. However, these effects might vary within cities and across time scales. We aimed to identify potential moderators of the effects of demolitions on firearm violence using a novel approach that combined machine learning and aerial imagery.

Early life exposure to greenness and executive function and behavior: An application of inverse probability weighting of marginal structural models.

Increasingly, studies suggest benefits of natural environments or greenness on children's health. However, little is known about cumulative exposure or windows of susceptibility to greenness exposure. Using inverse probability weighting of marginal structural models (IPW/MSM), we estimated effects of greenness exposure from birth through adolescence on executive function and behavior.

The 2021 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: code red for a healthy future.

Unlabelled: The Countdown is an international collaboration that independently monitors the health consequences of a changing climate. Publishing updated, new, and improved indicators each year, the Countdown represents the consensus of leading researchers from 43 academic institutions and UN agencies. The 44 indicators of this report expose an unabated rise in the health impacts of climate change and the current health consequences of the delayed and inconsistent response of countries around the globe—providing a clear imperative for accelerated action that puts the health of people and planet above all else.

Early-Life Exposure to Green Space and Mid-Childhood Cognition in the Project Viva Cohort, Massachusetts.

The association between early-life greenness and child cognition is not well understood. Using prospective data from Project Viva (n = 857) from 1999-2010, we examined associations of early-life greenness exposure with mid-childhood cognition. We estimated residential greenness at birth, early childhood (median age 3.

Sustaining planetary health through systems thinking: Public health's critical role.

Understanding and responding to adverse human health impacts of global environmental change will be a major priority of 21st century public health professionals. The emerging field of planetary health aims to face this challenge by studying and promoting policies that protect the health of humans and of the Earth's natural systems that support them. Public health, drawing on its experience of guiding policies to improve population health, has contributed to planetary health's development.

Associations between Nature Exposure and Health: A Review of the Evidence.

There is extensive empirical literature on the association between exposure to nature and health. In this narrative review, we discuss the strength of evidence from recent (i.e.

Neighborhood Child Opportunity Index and Adolescent Cardiometabolic Risk.

Background And Objectives: The Child Opportunity Index (ChOI) is a publicly available surveillance tool that incorporates traditional and novel attributes of neighborhood conditions that may promote or inhibit healthy child development. The extent to which ChOI relates to individual-level cardiometabolic risk remains unclear.

Methods: We geocoded residential addresses obtained from 743 participants in midchildhood (mean age 7.