Evaluating the relationship between conditional cash transfer programme on preterm births: a retrospective longitudinal study using the 100 million Brazilian cohort.

Background: Preterm births increase mortality and morbidity during childhood and later life, which is closely associated with poverty and the quality of prenatal care. Therefore, income redistribution and poverty reduction initiatives may be valuable in preventing this outcome. We assessed whether receipt of the Brazilian conditional cash transfer programme - Bolsa Familia Programme, the largest in the world - reduces the occurrence of preterm births, including their severity categories, and explored how this association differs according to prenatal care and the quality of Bolsa Familia Programme management.

Participation in Conditional Cash Transfer Program During Pregnancy and Birth Weight-Related Outcomes.

Importance: There is limited evidence of the association of conditional cash transfers, an important strategy to reduce poverty, with prevention of adverse birth-related outcomes.

Objective: To investigate the association between receiving benefits from the Bolsa Família Program (BFP) and birth weight indicators.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cohort study used a linked data resource, the Centro de Integracao de Dados e Conhecimentos Para Saude (CIDACS) birth cohort.

Is parenthood associated with self-rated health among women in Brazil?

Background: Previous studies conducted in Europe and North America addressing the relationship between self-rated health and parenthood offer inconsistent results, with effects ranging from nonsignificant to significant and in opposite directions. The aim of the present study was to explore the relationship between parenthood and self-rated health (SRH) among women in Brazil (a country with strong inequalities) considering the time interval from the last delivery in the analyses, as proposed in previous studies set in Sweden.

Methods: The study used data from cross-sectional National Health Surveys in Brazil conducted from 2013 to 2014 and 2019 to 2020 with selected groups of 20,046 and 25,100 women for whom complete data were available on the variables of interest.

Prevalence and risk of stillbirth according to biologic vulnerability phenotypes in the municipality of São Paulo, Brazil: A population-based cohort study.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence and risk of stillbirths by biologic vulnerability phenotypes in a cohort of pregnant women in the municipality of São Paulo, Brazil, 2017-2019.

Methods: Retrospective population-based cohort study. Fetuses were assessed as small for gestational age (SGA), large for gestational age (LGA), adequate for gestational age (AGA), preterm (PT) as less than 37 weeks of gestation, non-PT (NPT) as 37 weeks of gestation or more, low birth weight (LBW) as less than 2500 g, and non-LBW (NLBW) as 2500 g or more.

Cesarean sections and early-term births according to Robson classification: a population-based study with more than 17 million births in Brazil.

Background: Cesarean section (CS) rates are increasing worldwide and are associated with negative maternal and child health outcomes when performed without medical indication. However, there is still limited knowledge about the association between high CS rates and early-term births. This study explored the association between CSs and early-term births according to the Robson classification.

Association of Conditional Cash Transfers With Maternal Mortality Using the 100 Million Brazilian Cohort.

Importance: Conditional cash transfers (CCTs) have been consistently associated with improvements to the determinants of maternal health, but there have been insufficient investigations regarding their effects on maternal mortality.

Objective: To evaluate the association between being a Bolsa Família program (BFP) beneficiary and maternal mortality and to examine how this association differs by duration of BFP receipt, maternal race, living in rural or urban areas, the Municipal Human Development Index (MHDI), and municipal primary health care coverage.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cross-sectional analysis was nested within the 100 Million Brazilian Cohort.

Evaluating the effect of Bolsa Familia, Brazil's conditional cash transfer programme, on maternal and child health: A study protocol.

Background: Conditional Cash Transfer Programs have been developed in Latin America in response to poverty and marked social inequalities on the continent. In Brazil, the Bolsa Familia Program (BFP) was implemented to alleviate poverty and improve living conditions, health, and education for socioeconomically vulnerable populations. However, the effect of this intervention on maternal and child health is not well understood.

Live births of immigrant mothers in Brazil: A population-based study.

Introduction: Migration has become a major challenge for many countries, and women constitute half of the migrants in the world. Few studies have been conducted on migrant mothers in Brazil. We aim to identify differences in the pregnancies, childbirths, and live birth (LB) indicators of immigrant women, compared with those of Brazilian women living in the municipality of São Paulo (MSP), Brazil.

Differences in risk factors for incident and recurrent preterm birth: a population-based linkage of 3.5 million births from the CIDACS birth cohort.

Background: Preterm birth (PTB) is a syndrome resulting from a complex list of underlying causes and factors, and whether these risk factors differ in the context of prior PTB history is less understood. The aim of this study was to explore whether PTB risk factors in a second pregnancy were different in women with versus without previous PTB.

Methods: We conducted a population-based cohort study using data from the birth cohort of the Center for Data and Knowledge Integration for Health (CIDACS) for the period 2001 to 2015.

Intra-urban differentials of fetal mortality in clusters of social vulnerability in São Paulo Municipality, Brazil.

This study aimed to analyze the distribution of stillbirths by birth weight, type of death, the trend of Stillbirth Rate (SBR), and avoidable causes of death, according to social vulnerability clusters in São Paulo Municipality, 2007-2017. Social vulnerability clusters were created with the k-means method. The Prais-Winsten generalized linear regression was used in the trend of SBR by < 2500 g,  ≥ 2500 g, and total deaths analysis.

Recurrence of preterm births: A population-based linkage with 3.5 million live births from the CIDACS Birth Cohort.

Objective: To investigate the recurrence of preterm birth (PTB) among the poorest half of the Brazilian population.

Methods: A population-based retrospective study was conducted in Brazil with the live births of multiparous women extracted from the CIDACS Birth Cohort between 2001 and 2015. We used multivariate logistic regression to estimate the odds of recurrent PTB in second and third births.

Risk of mortality for small newborns in Brazil, 2011-2018: A national birth cohort study of 17.6 million records from routine register-based linked data.

Background: Preterm birth (<37 weeks), low birth weight (LBW,<2500g), and small for gestational age (SGA,<10th centile of birth weight for gestational age and sex) are markers of newborn vulnerability with a high risk of mortality. We estimated the prevalence of phenotypes combining these three markers and quantified the mortality risk associated with them.

Methods: Population-based cohort study using routine register-based linked data on all births and deaths in Brazil from January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2018.

Individual and contextual socioeconomic status as effect modifier in the air pollution-birth outcome association.

Background: Several studies have examined whether air pollution is associated with adverse births outcomes, but it is not clear if socioeconomic status (SES) modifies this relationship.

Objectives: We investigated if maternal education and area-level socioeconomic status modified the relationship between ozone, nitrogen dioxide and particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter <10 μm (PM) on preterm births (PTB; gestational age <37 weeks) and term low birth weight (TLBW; weight < 2500 g on term deliveries).

Methods: Analyses were based on almost 1 million singleton live births in São Paulo municipality between 2011 and 2016.

Factors associated with small- and large-for-gestational-age in socioeconomically vulnerable individuals in the 100 Million Brazilian Cohort.

Background: Evidence points to diverse risk factors associated with small- (SGA) and large-for-gestational-age (LGA) births. A more comprehensive understanding of these factors is imperative, especially in vulnerable populations.

Objectives: To estimate the occurrence of and sociodemographic factors associated with SGA and LGA births in poor and extremely poor populations of Brazil.

Factors associated with low birth weight at term: a population-based linkage study of the 100 million Brazilian cohort.

Background: Factors associated with low birth weight at term (TLBW), a proxy for intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), are not well-elucidated in socioeconomically vulnerable populations. This study aimed to identify the factors associated with TLBW in impoverished Brazilian women.

Methods: Records in the 100 Million Brazilian Cohort database were linked to those in the National System of Information on Live Births (SINASC) to obtain obstetric, maternal, birth and socioeconomic data between 2001 and 2015.

Symptomatic dengue infection during pregnancy and the risk of stillbirth in Brazil, 2006-12: a matched case-control study.

Background: Maternal infections during pregnancy can increase the risk of fetal death. Dengue infection is common, but little is known about its role in fetal mortality. We aimed to investigate the association between symptomatic dengue infection during pregnancy and fetal death.

What is the impact of interventions that prevent fetal mortality on the increase of preterm live births in the State of Sao Paulo, Brazil?

Background: There is a global growing trend of preterm births and a decline trend of fetal deaths. Is there an impact of the decline of fetal mortality on the increase of preterm live births in State of Sao Paulo, Brazil?

Methods: The time trends were evaluated by gestational age through exponential regression analysis. Data analyzed included the fetal mortality ratio, proportion of preterm live births, fertility rate of women 35 years and over, prenatal care, mother's education, multiple births and cesarean section deliveries.

The Brazilian Journal of Epidemiology: 18 years of contributing to knowledge dissemination.

The Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia (RBE - Brazilian Journal of Epidemiology) is completing 18 years as a vehicle for the dissemination of knowledge in the area of health. This knowledge relates to theoretical perspectives, the analysis of the reality of existing health conditions, as well as practices within health services. Fitting within all the disciplines of the field of public health, the origins of this journal, and the concepts that it covers, reflect movements within the health sector and also shadow the areas of operation proposed in the "Master Plans for the Development of Epidemiology in Brazil".

Social representations of obstetricians and neonatologists about fetal and early neonatal death certificate in the city of São Paulo.

Introduction: The insatisfactory completeness of the variables in the Death Certificate (DC) makes it difficult to obtain specific perinatal mortality indicators.

Objective: To assess the social representation of physicians about the perinatal DC.

Methods: Twenty-five physicians were interviewed in 15 hospitals in the city of São Paulo, in 2009.

[Spatial analysis of live birth clusters in Unified Health System (SUS) and private hospitals in the municipality of São Paulo, Brazil].

The scope of this study is to evaluate the spatial distribution of live births (LB) in the Municipality of São Paulo (MSP), verify if there is spatial dependence, identify possible differences in birth profiles and evaluate the distances between homes and delivery hospitals. LB occurring in high complexity hospitals were studied, namely 4 from the Unified Health System (SUS) and 4 from the private network in MSP in 2008. 46,190 LB were geocoded: 48.

Diarrhea in children and sanitation and housing conditions in periurban areas in the city of Guarulhos, SP.

A cross-sectional study was carried out to identify the association between diarrhea in 0-2 year-old children and children's characteristics, access to sanitation and housing conditions in a periurban area served by the Family Health Program, in the city of Guarulhos, SP. Data were obtained from FHP registration forms. Multiple logistic regression showed interaction for Housing*Sewage (other materials and non collected wastewater, p < 0.