Comparison of liposomal gel with and without chamomile to prevent radiation dermatitis in breast cancer patients: a randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: To compare a liposomal gel with and without chamomile extract for the prevention of radiation dermatitis in breast cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy.

Methods: This study was a double-blind randomized clinical trial. A total of 100 participants undergoing radiotherapy for breast cancer were recruited.

Comparison of liposomal gel with and without addition of chamomile for prevention of radiation dermatitis in head and neck cancer patients: A randomized controlled trial.

Background And Purpose: Head and neck cancer patients frequently develop radiation dermatitis (RD) during radiotherapy. We compared liposomal gel with and without chamomile extract for the prevention and management of RD in head and neck cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy.

Materials And Methods: Sixty participants undergoing radiotherapy for the first time for head and neck cancer were recruited in a double-blind randomized clinical trial.

The effects of telehealth-delivered mindfulness meditation, cognitive therapy, and behavioral activation for chronic low back pain: a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a significant problem affecting millions of people worldwide. Three widely implemented psychological techniques used for CLBP management are cognitive therapy (CT), mindfulness meditation (MM), and behavioral activation (BA). This study aimed to evaluate the relative immediate (pre- to post-treatment) and longer term (pre-treatment to 3- and 6-month follow-ups) effects of group, videoconference-delivered CT, BA, and MM for CLBP.

Instruments and scales for the evaluation of acute radiation dermatitis: A systematic review.

Various assessment instruments have been proposed to document and evaluate radiation dermatitis. In this systematic review, we identified nineteen instruments or scales for the evaluation of radiation dermatitis and performed a critical review of the signs and symptoms included in each of them. Of those scales, only two have been validated.

Validation of the Brazilian Version of the Langer Mindfulness Scale.

The Langer Mindfulness Scale (LMS) is distinguished from other mindfulness scales by its dimensions, which are closely related to the awareness and experience of novelty, and by being a scale derived from a cognitive perspective of information processing. There are no mindfulness instruments of this type available in Brazil. Therefore, this study aimed to carry out a translation and cultural adaptation of the LMS into Brazilian Portuguese and to validate and assess the internal consistency and convergent construct validity of the translated instrument.

Who Benefits the Most From Different Psychological Chronic Pain Treatments? An Exploratory Analysis of Treatment Moderators.

Different psychological chronic pain treatments benefit some individuals more than others. Understanding the factors that are associated with treatment response-especially when those factors differ between treatments-may inform more effective patient-treatment matching. This study aimed to identify variables that moderate treatment response to 4 psychological pain interventions in a sample of adults with low back pain or chronic pain associated with multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, acquired amputation, or muscular dystrophy (N = 173).

Short partial doffs of release/relock sockets may effectively stabilize limb fluid volume in prosthesis users with transtibial amputation.

Background: A challenge often faced by people with lower extremity amputation is management of prosthetic socket fit due to changes in fluid volume within their residual limb. Prior research suggests that intermittently doffing the prosthetic socket may help stabilize daily residual limb fluid volume.

Methods: To assess the effects of partial doff duration on residual limb fluid volume retention, participants with transtibial amputation were tested by walking on a treadmill in a controlled, laboratory setting under three conditions.

The Effect of a Group Physical Activity Program on Behavior of Incarcerated Youth.

Behavioral health challenges are more prevalent in incarcerated youth than in the general youth population. Questions remain regarding whether physical activity programs can reduce behavioral health challenges in incarcerated youth. Data were available for 1,285 youths incarcerated between January 2017 and December 2018.

Development of the Sm14/GLA-SE Schistosomiasis Vaccine Candidate: An Open, Non-Placebo-Controlled, Standardized-Dose Immunization Phase Ib Clinical Trial Targeting Healthy Young Women.

We report the successful closure of Phase I clinical trials, comprising Phases Ia and Ib, of the vaccine candidate against human schistosomiasis: the 14 kDa fatty acid-binding protein (Sm14) + glucopyranosyl lipid A in squalene emulsion (GLA-SE). Shown here are the results of Phase Ib, an open, non-placebo-controlled, standardized-dose immunization trial involving 10 healthy 18-49-year-old women. Fifty micrograms of the Sm14 protein plus 10 µg GLA-SE per dose was given intramuscularly thrice at 30-day intervals.

Effect of an educational program on physical activity in individuals undergoing their first percutaneous coronary intervention: A randomized clinical trial.

Background: Educational programs designed for specific populations to improve regular physical activity need to be tested.

Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of an educational program, when compared to usual care, on improving physical activity 5 to 7 months after hospital discharge in adult patients undergoing their first percutaneous coronary intervention.

Methods: Randomized controlled trial with two groups: usual care (n = 56) and educational program (n = 53) interventions.

Perceived Community Participation and Associated Factors in People With Stroke.

Objective: To examine individual- and environmental-level factors associated with perceived participation performance and satisfaction in people with chronic stroke.

Design: Cross-sectional study using secondary data analysis of baseline data from a randomized controlled trial.

Setting: Community-based setting.

Implementation of a Physical Activity Vital Sign in Primary Care: Associations Between Physical Activity, Demographic Characteristics, and Chronic Disease Burden.

Introduction: Physical activity is important to prevent and manage multiple chronic medical conditions. The objective of this study was to describe the implementation of a physical activity vital sign (PAVS) in a primary care setting and examine the association between physical activity with demographic characteristics and chronic disease burden.

Methods: We extracted data from the electronic medical records of patients who had visits from July 2018 through January 2020 in a primary care clinic in which PAVS was implemented as part of the intake process.

Performance of an auto-adjusting prosthetic socket during walking with intermittent socket release.

Introduction: A challenge in the engineering of auto-adjusting prosthetic sockets is to maintain stable operation of the control system while users change their bodily position and activity. The purpose of this study was to test the stability of a socket that automatically adjusted socket size to maintain fit. Socket release during sitting was conducted between bouts of walking.

Cyclic socket enlargement and reduction during walking to minimize limb fluid volume loss in transtibial prosthesis users.

The purpose of this research was to pursue an innovative cyclic panel-pull strategy during ambulation to minimize limb fluid volume loss in transtibial prosthesis users. Participants' traditional socket shapes were duplicated, and test sockets prepared with three adjustable motor-driven panels that were controlled by a microprocessor. After donning the prosthesis, participants' liners were fastened to the panels.

Effects of hypnosis vs mindfulness meditation vs education on chronic pain intensity and secondary outcomes in veterans: a randomized clinical trial.

Effective, rigorously evaluated nonpharmacological treatments for chronic pain are needed. This study compared the effectiveness of training in hypnosis (HYP) and mindfulness meditation (MM) with an active education control (ED). Veterans (N = 328) were randomly assigned to 8 manualized, group-based, in-person sessions of HYP (n = 110), MM (n = 108), or ED (n = 110).

Oncology teaching in undergraduate nursing at public institutions courses in Brazil.

Objectives: to identify the occurrence of oncology teaching in undergraduate nursing curricula.

Methods: descriptive study, which data was obtained from curriculum and from Pedagogical Course Projects available on the websites from Brazilian public institutions, between June and July 2020.

Results: 143 undergraduate nursing courses were identified.

The effect of reinforcing an educational programme using telephone follow-up on health-related quality of life of individuals using warfarin: A randomised controlled trial.

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of reinforcing an educational programme through telephone follow-up on health-related quality of life and anxiety and depression symptoms in individuals starting warfarin therapy.

Background: Educational interventions have improved quality of life in individuals using warfarin. Few studies have examined the addition of telephone follow-up to enhance educational interventions.

Acute radiodermatitis in cancer patients: incidence and severity estimates.

Objective: To estimate the incidence and distribution of the degree of radiodermatitis in cancer patients submitted to radiotherapy in the regions of head and neck, breast, and pelvis.

Method: Prospective, longitudinal, quantitative study conducted from March 15, 2016 to May 4, 2017 with patients observed for five weeks of treatment. The primary outcome was the proportion of grade 1 or higher radiodermatitis each week.

Improving transition from inpatient rehabilitation following traumatic brain injury: Protocol for the BRITE pragmatic comparative effectiveness trial.

Moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a common cause of long-term disability. Due to challenges that include inconsistent access to follow-up care, persons with TBI being discharged from inpatient rehabilitation facilities (IRFs) are at risk for rehospitalization, poor reintegration into the community, family stress, and other unfavorable outcomes resulting from unmet needs. In a six-center randomized pragmatic comparative effectiveness study, the BRITE trial (Brain Injury Rehabilitation: Improving the Transition Experience, ClinicalTrials.

Efficacy of Cinnamon as an Adjuvant in Reducing the Glycemic Biomarkers of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Three-Month, Randomized, Triple-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.

The major aim of this randomized, placebo-controlled, triple-blind clinical trial was to evaluate the efficacy of cinnamon as an adjuvant treatment in reducing glycemic levels in people with type 2 diabetes, compared to a placebo. The study was conducted between August and December 2019, with 160 people with type 2 diabetes, in five Primary Health Units, in Parnaíba, Brazil. Inclusion criteria were: persons of both genders using oral antidiabetic agents, with glycated hemoglobin ≥ 6.

Pain-related beliefs, cognitive processes, and electroencephalography band power as predictors and mediators of the effects of psychological chronic pain interventions.

The current study used data from a clinical trial to identify variables that are associated with and/or mediate the beneficial effects of 4 psychological chronic pain treatments: one teaching patients self-hypnosis to reduce pain intensity (HYP), one teaching self-hypnosis to change thoughts about pain (hypnotic cognitive therapy [HYP-CT]), one teaching cognitive restructuring skills to change thoughts about pain (cognitive therapy [CT]), and one providing education about pain (ED; included as an active control condition). Of 17 possible mechanism variables examined, and with alpha not corrected for multiple comparisons, significant between-group differences were observed for 3. Two of these (changes in beliefs about control over pain and number of days of skill practice) were supported as mediators of the beneficial effects of HYP, CT, or HYP-CT, relative to ED.

Impact of replacing powdered gloves with powder-free gloves on hand-hygiene compliance among healthcare workers of an intensive care unit: a quasi-experimental study.

Background/objective: After wearing powdered gloves, healthcare workers (HCW) are supposed to wash their hands instead of using alcohol-based hand-rub (ABHR). Washing hands takes longer than using ABHR, and the use of powdered gloves may be an obstacle to hand-hygiene compliance. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of replacing powdered gloves with powder-free gloves on hand-hygiene compliance among HCW of an intensive care unit (ICU).

Chamomile Gel versus Urea Cream to Prevent Acute Radiation Dermatitis in Head and Neck Cancer Patients: Results from a Preliminary Clinical Trial.

We assessed safety and potential efficacy of a chamomile gel compared with urea cream to prevent acute radiation dermatitis in head and neck cancer patients. We assessed safety and potential efficacy of the chamomile gel in escalating concentrations of 2.50%, 5.