Use of Self-Expanding Covered Stents as Bailout Treatment of Spontaneous Rupture of the Femoral Artery Caused by Staphylococcus aureus Infection.

Spontaneous rupture of femoropopliteal arteries caused by infection requires treatment in the urgent setting. The present article reports on the performance of self-expanding covered stents in 3 patients who experienced acute rupture of the femoral artery caused by Staphylococcus aureus infection. After a mean follow-up of 16.

Applications of Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Thorax in Pleural Diseases: A State-of-the-Art Review.

The aim of this review was to present the main aspects of pleural diseases seen with conventional and advanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques. This modality is considered to be the gold standard for the evaluation of the pleural interface, characterization of complex pleural effusion, and identification of exudate and hemorrhage, as well as in the analysis of superior sulcus tumors, as it enables more accurate staging. The indication for MRI of the thorax in the identification of these conditions is increasing in comparison to computerized tomography, and it can also be used to support the diagnosis of pulmonary illnesses.

Pulmonary computed tomography findings in patients with chronic aspiration detected by videofluoroscopic swallowing study.

Objective: To demonstrate CT findings in patients with chronic aspiration compared with a control group without aspiration, as detected by the videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS).

Methods: This retrospective, observational study included patients with and without diagnoses of aspiration confirmed by VFSS, who underwent CT examination of the lungs between 2010 and 2014. Two radiologists blinded to the presence of aspiration reviewed the images to detect the presence of any abnormality.

Solitary lung cavities: CT findings in malignant and non-malignant disease.

Aim: To assess the computed tomography (CT) findings of solitary cavitary lesions which could potentially aid in differentiating malignant from non-malignant lung disease.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study of patients diagnosed with a solitary lung cavity at two university hospitals, who underwent multidetector CT examinations of the chest between 2012 and 2014, was performed. Lesions were evaluated for maximum diameter, maximum wall thickness, and associated findings.

Pulmonary Involvement in Niemann-Pick Disease: A State-of-the-Art Review.

Niemann-Pick disease is a rare autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disease with three subtypes. Types A and B result from a deficiency of acid sphingomyelinase activity, associated with the accumulation of lipid-laden macrophages (so-called Niemann-Pick cells) in various tissues, especially the liver and spleen. Type A is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder of infancy.

Fat embolism syndrome: State-of-the-art review focused on pulmonary imaging findings.

Background: Fat embolism syndrome (FES) is a rare but potentially fatal complication of trauma or orthopedic surgery, which presents predominantly with pulmonary symptoms. Modern intensive care has improved the mortality rates, however diagnosis remains difficult, relying predominantly on a combination of a classic triad of symptoms and non-specific, but characteristic radiological features. The aim of this review is to describe the main clinical and imaging aspects of FES, ranging from pathophysiology to treatment with emphasis on pulmonary involvement.

Evaluation of lesser metatarsophalangeal joint plantar plate tears with contrast-enhanced and fat-suppressed MRI.

Objective: To present findings of plantar plate (PP) lesions from MRI with administration of gadolinium and to differentiate PP lesions from others causes of metatarsalgia.

Materials And Methods: Two musculoskeletal radiologists reviewed 249 contrast-enhanced forefoot MRI scans from patients with metatarsalgia between June 2012 and June 2013. Evaluations focused on hyper-vascularized/fibrous tissue and other findings associated with PP tears.

Thoracic lymphadenopathy in benign diseases: A state of the art review.

Lymphadenopathy is a common radiological finding in many thoracic diseases and may be caused by a variety of infectious, inflammatory, and neoplastic conditions. This review aims to describe the patterns of mediastinal and hilar lymphadenopathy found in benign diseases in immunocompetent patients. Computed tomography is the method of choice for the evaluation of lymphadenopathy, as it is able to demonstrate increased size of individual nodes, abnormalities of the interface between the mediastinum and lung, invasion of surrounding fat, coalescence of adjacent nodes, obliteration of the mediastinal fat, and hypo- and hyperdensity in lymph nodes.

Chest magnetic resonance imaging: a protocol suggestion.

In the recent years, with the development of ultrafast sequences, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been established as a valuable diagnostic modality in body imaging. Because of improvements in speed and image quality, MRI is now ready for routine clinical use also in the study of pulmonary diseases. The main advantage of MRI of the lungs is its unique combination of morphological and functional assessment in a single imaging session.