Mono-, Di- and Tetra-iron Complexes with Selenium or Sulphur Functionalized Vinyliminium Ligands: Synthesis, Structural Characterization and Antiproliferative Activity.

A series of diiron/tetrairon compounds containing a S- or a Se-function (-, -, -, ), and the monoiron [FeCp(CO){SeC(NMe)CHC(Me)}] () were prepared from the diiron μ-vinyliminium precursors [FeCp(CO)( μ-CO){ μ-η: η-C(R')CHCN(Me)(R)}]CFSO (R = R' = Me, ; R = 2,6-CHMe = Xyl, R' = Ph, ; R = Xyl, R' = CHOH, ), via treatment with S or gray selenium. The new compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, IR and multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, and structural aspects were further elucidated by DFT calculations. The unprecedented metallacyclic structure of was ascertained by single crystal X-ray diffraction.

Mitochondrial Pentatricopeptide Repeat Protein, EMB2794, Plays a Pivotal Role in NADH Dehydrogenase Subunit nad2 mRNA Maturation in Arabidopsis thaliana.

The Arabidopsis genome encodes >450 proteins containing the pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) motif. The PPR proteins are classified into two groups, termed as P and P Long-Short (PLS) classes. Typically, the PLS subclass proteins are mainly involved in the RNA editing of mitochondrial and chloroplast transcripts, whereas most of the analyzed P subclass proteins have been mainly implicated in RNA metabolism, such as 5' or 3' transcript stabilization and processing, splicing and translation.

Preparation and Characterization of Silver(I) Ethylcellulose Thin Films as Potential Food Packaging Materials.

Ag(I)-containing ethylcellulose (EC) films suitable as antbacterial packaging materials have been prepared and fully characterized. Different preparation methods, including the use of green casting solvents, are proposed. The Ag(I) acylpyrazolonato complexes, [Ag(Q )(L)], L=benzylimidazole (Bzim) and L=ethylimidazole (EtimH), used as active additives, display different modes of interactions with EC, depending on their structural features.

Ru(ii) water oxidation catalysts with 2,3-bis(2-pyridyl)pyrazine and tris(pyrazolyl)methane ligands: assembly of photo-active and catalytically active subunits in a dinuclear structure.

Two mononuclear Ru(ii) complexes, i.e. [RuCl(κN-terpy)(κN-dpp)]PF ([1]PF; terpy = 2,2':6',2''-terpyridine; dpp = 2,3-bis(2'-pyridyl-pyrazine) and [RuCl(κN-tpm)(κN-dpp)]Cl ([2]Cl; tpm = tris(1-pyrazolyl)methane), and one dinuclear complex, i.

[The importance of words in treatment processes.].

Nowadays the healthcare provider is asked to be able to cope with "difficult communications" with cronical disease patients and families, concerning both diagnosis report and manage the disease critical stages. It's therefore needed a training which does not only privileges clinical practice but also our capacity to reflect on our daily actions and the awareness of words' impact. In order to be able to move from a disease centred to patient centred take in charge, narrative skills and wise choice of words are fundamental to sympathize with the patient, with his/her experience, his/her beliefs and expectations so to build shared and above all sustainable treatment paths.

Breastfeeding Protection, Promotion, and Support in Humanitarian Emergencies: A Systematic Review of Literature.

Background: Infants, young children, and their mothers are vulnerable in humanitarian emergencies. The health benefits of optimal breastfeeding practices in emergency settings have been demonstrated by many researchers. guidelines illustrate a series of interventions to protect, promote, and support breastfeeding, but unfortunately, these recommendations are still scarcely applied.

Tethering (Arene)Ru(II) Acylpyrazolones Decorated with Long Aliphatic Chains to Polystyrene Surfaces Provides Potent Antibacterial Plastics.

The acylpyrazolone proligands HQ (HQ in general, in detail: HQ = 1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-carbonylcyclohexyl-5-pyrazolone, 4-C(O)-phenyl, HQ = 1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-benzoyl-5-pyrazolone, HQ = 1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-stearoyl-5-pyrazolone, HQ = 1-phenyl-3-stearyl-4-benzoyl-5-pyrazolone) were synthesized and reacted with (arene)Ru(II) acceptors affording complexes [(arene)Ru(Q)Cl] (arene = cymene (cym) or hexamethylbenzene (hmb)). The complexes were characterized by elemental analyses, thermogravimetric analysis-Differntial Thermal Analysis (TGA-DTA), IR spectroscopy, ESI-MS and H, and C NMR spectroscopy. Complexes [(arene)Ru(Q)Cl] where Q = Q and Q, due to the long aliphatic chain in the ligand, afford nanometric dispersions in methanol via self-assembly into micellar aggregates of dimensions 50-200 nm.

Spectroscopic Signatures of Quantum Many-Body Correlations in Polariton Microcavities.

We theoretically investigate the many-body states of exciton polaritons that can be observed by pump-probe spectroscopy in high-Q inorganic microcavities. Here, a weak-probe "spin-down" polariton is introduced into a coherent state of "spin-up" polaritons created by a strong pump. We show that the ↓ impurities become dressed by excitations of the ↑ medium, and that they form new polaronic quasiparticles that feature two-point and three-point many-body quantum correlations that, in the low density regime, arise from coupling to the vacuum biexciton and triexciton states, respectively.

[A sepsis that you don't expect… Lemierre's syndrome. Description of a clinical case.].

A healthy 16-year-old boy was hospitalized for fever, septic condition and thrombosis of the left internal jugular vein: The diagnosis of Lemierre syndrome (LS) with positive blood culture for Fusobacterium necrophorum was formalized. He was treated with antibiotics and anticoagulant therapy with enoxaparin with complete recovery. Four weeks after discharge, the jugular vein ecodoppler showed complete resolution of the thrombosis.

Effect of the interface layer vibration modes in enhancing thermal conductivity of nanofluids.

The present paper reports on an investigation of the effect of the interface layers in enhancing thermal conductivity of Cu-Ar nanofluids. The approach is based on linear response theory combined with equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations. For a wettability parameter of 1.

Anticancer Potential of Diiron Vinyliminium Complexes.

Invited for the cover of this issue is the group of Fabio Marchetti at the Università di Pisa and Paul J. Dyson at Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL). Read the full text of the article at 10.

In utero Exposure to Genotoxicants Leading to Genetic Mosaicism: An Overlooked Window of Susceptibility in Genetic Toxicology Testing?

In utero development represents a sensitive window for the induction of mutations. These mutations may subsequently expand clonally to populate entire organs or anatomical structures. Although not all adverse mutations will affect tissue structure or function, there is growing evidence that clonally expanded genetic mosaics contribute to various monogenic and complex diseases, including cancer.

Chemically induced aneuploidy in germ cells. Part II of the report of the 2017 IWGT workgroup on assessing the risk of aneugens for carcinogenesis and hereditary diseases.

As part of the 7th International Workshops on Genotoxicity Testing held in Tokyo, Japan in November 2017, a workgroup of experts reviewed and assessed the risk of aneugens for human health. The present manuscript is one of three manuscripts from the workgroup and reports on the unanimous consensus reached on the evidence for aneugens affecting germ cells, their mechanisms of action and role in hereditary diseases. There are 24 chemicals with strong or sufficient evidence for germ cell aneugenicity providing robust support for the ability of chemicals to induce germ cell aneuploidy.

Exploring the Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the in vitro Anticancer Effects of Multitarget-Directed Hydrazone Ruthenium(II)-Arene Complexes.

The molecular targets and the modes of action behind the cytotoxicity of two structurally established N,O- or N,N-hydrazone ruthenium(II)-arene complexes were explored in human breast adenocarcinoma cells (MCF-7) and paralleled in non-cancerous and cisplatin-resistant counterparts (MCF-10A and MCF-7CR respectively). Both complexes, [Ru(hmb)(L1)Cl] (1, L1=4-((2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)hydrazono)(phenyl)methyl)-3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-olate) and [Ru(cym)(L2)Cl] (2, L2=1-((3-methyl-5-oxo-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4(5H)-ylidene)(phenyl)methyl)-2-(pyridin-2-yl)hydrazin-1-ide), reversibly interact with moderate-to-high affinity with a number of molecular targets in cell-free assays, namely serum albumin, DNA, the 20S proteasome and hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase. Most interestingly, only 2 readily crosses the cell membrane and preserves its binding/modulatory ability toward the targets of interest upon rapid cellular internalization.

Role of aneuploidy in the carcinogenic process: Part 3 of the report of the 2017 IWGT workgroup on assessing the risk of aneugens for carcinogenesis and hereditary diseases.

Aneuploidy is regarded as a hallmark of cancer, however, its role is complex with both pro- and anti-carcinogenic effects evident. In this IWGT review, we consider the role of aneuploidy in cancer biology; cancer risk associated with constitutive aneuploidy; rodent carcinogenesis with known chemical aneugens; and chemotherapy-related malignant neoplasms. Aneuploidy is seen at various stages in carcinogenesis.

Targets and mechanisms of chemically induced aneuploidy. Part 1 of the report of the 2017 IWGT workgroup on assessing the risk of aneugens for carcinogenesis and hereditary diseases.

An aneuploidy workgroup was established as part of the 7th International Workshops on Genotoxicity Testing. The workgroup conducted a review of the scientific literature on the biological mechanisms of aneuploidy in mammalian cells and methods used to detect chemical aneugens. In addition, the current regulatory framework was discussed, with the objective to arrive at consensus statements on the ramifications of exposure to chemical aneugens for human health risk assessment.

High information content assays for genetic toxicology testing: A report of the International Workshops on Genotoxicity Testing (IWGT).

We live in an era of 'big data', where the volume, velocity, and variety of the data being generated is increasingly influencing the way toxicological sciences are practiced. With this in mind, a workgroup was formed for the 2017 International Workshops on Genotoxicity Testing (IWGT) to consider the use of high information content data in genetic toxicology assessments. Presentations were given on adductomics, global transcriptional profiling, error-reduced single-molecule sequencing, and cellular phenotype-based assays, which were identified as methodologies that are relevant to present-day genetic toxicology assessments.

DNA interaction of a fluorescent, cytotoxic pyridinimino platinum(II) complex.

New pyridinimino complexes of platinum(II) [PtCl(N^N-R)] (N^N = 2-pyridylmethanimino, R = -(CH)O(CH)OH, -(CH)O(CH)OCHPyr), Pyr = pyren-1-yl) have been prepared. They are characterized by a dioxygenated alkyl side chain and, in one case, by a fluorescent terminal 1-pyrenyl residue. The complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, IR, H-, C-and Pt NMR spectroscopies.

Left atrial anteroposterior diameter in dogs: reference interval, allometric scaling, and agreement with the left atrial-to-aortic root ratio.

Left atrial enlargement (LAE) is a well-known negative prognostic factor in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD). Left atrial-to-aortic root ratio (LA/Ao) is the most commonly used method to evaluate left atrial (LA) size in dogs, while the left atrial anteroposterior diameter (LAD) has been proposed as an additional measurement of LA size in different species. The aim of this study was to establish a normal reference range of LAD normalized to body weight (LADn) in dogs using allometric scales, and to evaluate the agreement between LADn and LA/Ao in the detection of LAE in dogs with MMVD.

Mutation as a Toxicological Endpoint for Regulatory Decision-Making.

Mutations induced in somatic cells and germ cells are responsible for a variety of human diseases, and mutation per se has been considered an adverse health concern since the early part of the 20th Century. Although in vitro and in vivo somatic cell mutation data are most commonly used by regulatory agencies for hazard identification, that is, determining whether or not a substance is a potential mutagen and carcinogen, quantitative mutagenicity dose-response data are being used increasingly for risk assessments. Efforts are currently underway to both improve the measurement of mutations and to refine the computational methods used for evaluating mutation data.

Evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of novel composite plastics containing two silver (I) additives, acyl pyrazolonate and acyl pyrazolone.

Background: Public health systems today face the dual challenges of controlling infections and curbing the increase in antimicrobial resistance manifested in drug-resistant microorganisms in hospitals and elsewhere. In the last ten years, research has been conducted to develop new materials with antimicrobial properties to be used in medical devices, increasingly found to harbour critical nosocomial infections.

Methods: Two next-generation composites using the antimicrobial qualities of silver were tested against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans with the purpose of evaluating their antimicrobial and antifungal activity.

Whole Genome Sequencing of the Mutamouse Model Reveals Strain- and Colony-Level Variation, and Genomic Features of the Transgene Integration Site.

The MutaMouse transgenic rodent model is widely used for assessing in vivo mutagenicity. Here, we report the characterization of MutaMouse's whole genome sequence and its genetic variants compared to the C57BL/6 reference genome. High coverage (>50X) next-generation sequencing (NGS) of whole genomes from multiple MutaMouse animals from the Health Canada (HC) colony showed ~5 million SNVs per genome, ~20% of which are putatively novel.

A Return to the Origin of the EMGS: Rejuvenating the Quest for Human Germ Cell Mutagens and Determining the Risk to Future Generations.

Fifty years ago, the Environmental Mutagen Society (now Environmental Mutagenesis and Genomics Society) was founded with a laser-focus on germ cell mutagenesis and the protection of "our most vital assets"-the sperm and egg genomes. Yet, five decades on, despite the fact that many agents have been demonstrated to induce inherited changes in the offspring of exposed laboratory rodents, there is no consensus on whether human germ cell mutagens exist. We argue that it is time to reevaluate the available data and conclude that we already have evidence for the existence of environmental exposures that impact human germ cells.