Dose-dense weekly chemotherapy in advanced ovarian cancer: An updated meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Objective: The use of dose-dense weekly chemotherapy in the management of advanced ovarian cancer (OC) remains controversial. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the efficacy of dose-dense regimen to improve clinical outcomes in OC patients with the inclusion of new trials.

Methods: For this updated meta-analysis, PubMed Medline and Scopus databases and meeting proceedings were searched for eligible studies with the limitation of randomized controlled trials, comparing dose-dense chemotherapy versus standard treatment.

Metastasis of the epididymis and spermatic cord from pancreatic adenocarcinoma: A rare entity. Description of a case and revision of literature.

Introduction: Metastatic epididymal and spermatic cord adenocarcinoma from epithelial tumors are a rare condition. The most frequent primary cancers are prostate, lung, kidney, gastrointestinal tumors and breast. In literature, there are very low number of cases reporting metastasis from pancreatic cancer to epididymis and spermatic cord.

Mixed facial reanimation technique to treat paralysis in medium-term cases.

Recent facial paralyses, in which fibrillations of the mimetic muscles are still detectable by electromyography (EMG), allow facial reanimation based on giving new neural stimuli to musculature. However, if more time has elapsed, mimetic muscles can undergo irreversible atrophy, and providing a new neural stimulus is simply not effective. In these cases function is provided by transferring free flaps into the face or transposing masticatory muscles to reinstitute major movements, such as eyelid closure and smiling.

Rucaparib: An emerging parp inhibitor for treatment of recurrent ovarian cancer.

Recently, Poly-ADP-Ribose Polymerase (PARP) inhibitors are one of the most intensively studied group of antiblastic agents for the management of recurrent ovarian cancer. Among this family, Olaparib was the first to be approved by European Medicines Agency as maintenance therapy post-response to platinum-based chemotherapy for recurrent ovarian cancer in women with deleterious BRCA1/2 mutation. Following that, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved Olaparib monotherapy as fourth or later line of treatment in advanced ovarian cancer with deleterious germ-line BRCA1/2 mutation.

Laparoscopic surgery in the treatment of stage I adult granulosa cells tumors of the ovary: Results from the MITO-9 study.

Objective: Surgery represents the mainstay of treatment of stage I adult type granulosa cell tumors of the ovary (AGCTs). Because of the rarity and indolent course of the disease, no prospective trials are available. Open surgery has long been considered the traditional approach; oncological safety of laparoscopy is only supported by small series or case reports.

Combined Plasma Fibrinogen and Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio in Ovarian Cancer Prognosis May Play a Role?

Objectives: In ovarian cancer (OC), approximately 70% will relapse within 12 months from diagnosis; inflammation plays an important role in cancer initiating and progression; thus, a combination of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and fibrinogen (F-NLR) has been proposed as prognostic marker in several tumors. The aim of our study was to investigate the correlation between NLR, fibrinogen, and F-NLR and survival in OC population.

Methods: Patients with diagnosis of OC admitted to our institute between 2011 and 2016 were included.

The Efficacy of an Anatase-Coated Collar Surface in Inhibiting the Bacterial Colonization of Oral Implants: A Pilot Prospective Study in Humans.

Purpose: The primary prevention of peri-implantitis onset is a key factor in long-term implant success, and the evaluation of the antibacterial efficacy of different implant surfaces is fundamental in this way. The aim of this study was to assess if implants with collars coated with anatase were less subjected to bacterial colonization than implants with noncoated collars, and to investigate how implant bacterial colonization varies over time.

Materials And Methods: Eighteen patients in need of implant-supported rehabilitation were selected to have two adjacent implants placed, one with an anatase-coated collar and one with the collar uncoated.

Novel polyamine-based Histone deacetylases-Lysine demethylase 1 dual binding inhibitors.

Epigenetic modulators Histone deacetylases (HDACs) and Lysine demethylase (LSD1) are validated targets for anticancer therapy. Both HDAC1/2 and LSD1 are found in association with the repressor protein CoREST in a transcriptional co-repressor complex, which is responsible for gene silencing. Combined modulation of both targets results in a synergistic antiproliferative activity.

Impact of Hormone Receptor Status and Ki-67 Expression on Disease-Free Survival in Patients Affected by High-risk Endometrial Cancer.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the immunohistochemical (IHC) expression of Ki-67, estrogen receptors α (ERsα), and progesterone receptors (PRs) in high-risk endometrial cancer patients and to assess their prognostic impact.

Methods/materials: Immunohistochemical expression of Ki-67, ERsα, and PRs was evaluated in primary untreated endometrial cancer. The correlation among IHC staining and risk factors of recurrence such as age, Federation International of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage, grading, depth of invasion, and metastatic spread was assessed.

Fertility preservation in gynaecologic cancers.

Due to substantial improvement in the diagnosis and treatment of gynaecologic cancers, a better understanding of patient care needs to be revised. We reviewed the literature related to fertility preservation strategies in gynaecological cancer and discussed current general management approaches. New technical modalities and patients' own desire for motherhood should be integral and paramount in the clinical evaluation to significantly contribute to preserving fertility in those women diagnosed with gynaecologic cancers during the reproductive years.

Screening program in ovarian cancer: A logical step in clinical management? A meta-analysis.

Objective: Treatment of ovarian cancer (OC) is a challenge and its poor prognosis still remains a problem of major importance. Due to the lack of early and specific symptoms, the vast majority of women are diagnosed with an advanced stage disease. The aim of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the impact of OC screening program in asymptomatic women on clinical outcomes.

OLT1177, a β-sulfonyl nitrile compound, safe in humans, inhibits the NLRP3 inflammasome and reverses the metabolic cost of inflammation.

Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome induces maturation of IL-1β and IL-18, both validated targets for treating acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. Here, we demonstrate that OLT1177, an orally active β-sulfonyl nitrile molecule, inhibits activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. In vitro, nanomolar concentrations of OLT1177 reduced IL-1β and IL-18 release following canonical and noncanonical NLRP3 inflammasome activation.

Targeting Multiple Effector Pathways in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma with a G-Quadruplex-Binding Small Molecule.

Human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) involves the dysregulation of multiple signaling pathways. A novel approach to the treatment of PDAC is described, involving the targeting of cancer genes in PDAC pathways having over-representation of G-quadruplexes, using the trisubstituted naphthalene diimide quadruplex-binding compound 2,7-bis(3-morpholinopropyl)-4-((2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)ethyl)amino)benzo[ lmn][3,8]phenanthroline-1,3,6,8(2 H,7 H)-tetraone (CM03). This compound has been designed by computer modeling, is a potent inhibitor of cell growth in PDAC cell lines, and has anticancer activity in PDAC models, with a superior profile compared to gemcitabine, a commonly used therapy.

Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile Ethanolic Extract Modulates Cell Activities with Skin Health Applications.

Seagrasses are high plants sharing adaptive metabolic features with both terrestrial plants and marine algae, resulting in a phytocomplex possibly endowed with interesting biological properties. The aim of this study is to evaluate the in vitro activities on skin cells of an ethanolic extract obtained from the leaves of (L.) Delile, family Potamogetonaceae, herein named ethanolic extract (PEE).

Novel Polyamine-Naphthalene Diimide Conjugates Targeting Histone Deacetylases and DNA for Cancer Phenotype Reprogramming.

A series of hybrid compounds was designed to target histone deacetylases and ds-/G-quadruplex DNAs by merging structural features deriving from Scriptaid and compound . Compound binds different DNA arrangements, inhibits HDACs both and in cells, and is able to induce a reduction of cell proliferation. Moreover, compound displays cell phenotype-reprogramming properties since it prevents the epithelial to mesenchymal transition in cancer cells, inducing a less aggressive and migratory phenotype, which is one of the goals of present innovative strategies in cancer therapies.

Vulvo-vaginal reconstruction after radical excision for treatment of vulvar cancer: Evaluation of feasibility and morbidity of different surgical techniques.

Background: Vulvar cancer is a rare disease accounting for approximately 5% of female genital tract tumors worldwide. Currently surgery represents the mainstay alone or sometimes, in combination with chemo-radiotherapy, for locally advanced tumors and recurrent disease. However, significant physical and sexual impairment mostly due to anatomical distortion of external genitalia are a consequence of radical surgical treatment.

PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway in Ovarian Cancer Treatment: Are We on the Right Track?

The high recurrence rate and the low overall survival in ovarian cancer suggest that a more specific therapeutic approach in addition to conventional treatment is required. Translational and clinical research is investigating new molecular targets in order to find an alternative way to affect tumor growth and to minimize the overlap of toxicity of antiblastic agents. Given its implication in many cellular activities including regulation of cell growth, motility, survival, proliferation, protein synthesis, autophagy, transcription, as well as angiogenesis, PI3K/AKT/mTOR is one of the most investigated intracellular signaling pathways.

Navigation-guided resection of maxillary tumours: The accuracy of computer-assisted surgery in terms of control of resection margins - A feasibility study.

Introduction: Surgical treatment of maxillary tumours is often highly complex. The three-dimensional anatomy of the mid-face renders both correct intraoperative orientation and adequate oncological safety difficult to obtain. Recently, computer-assisted techniques and intraoperative navigation have been applied to oncological surgery treating head and neck cancer.

Retention Strength of Conical Welding Caps for Fixed Implant-Supported Prostheses.

Purpose: This study evaluated the retention strength of welding caps for Ankylos standard abutments using a pull-out test.

Materials And Methods: Each sample consisted of an implant abutment and its welding cap. The tests were performed with a Zwick Roell testing machine with a 1-kN load cell.

Risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutated patients: An evidence-based approach on what women should know.

This review is focused on the ovarian cancer risk reduction management in BRCA mutation carriers and is intended to assist with clinical decision-making. Obviously, treatment decisions must be based on the available evidence. Despite risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy is firmly recommended, several separate questions can be raised to address the variety of intense controversy of this approach.

Short-Infusion Trabectedin in Heavily Pretreated Ovarian Cancer Patients: A Single-Institution Experience.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and tolerability of trabectedin given every 10 days as a single agent in recurrent ovarian cancer after 3 prior regimens.

Method: Trabectedin 0.6 mg/m2 was administered as a 3-h infusion every 10 days on a 21-day cycle.

Osteomyocutaneous fibular flap harvesting: Computer-assisted planning of perforator vessels using Computed Tomographic Angiography scan and cutting guide.

Introduction: Mandibular reconstruction performed after virtual planning has become more common during recent years. The gold standard for extensive mandibular reconstruction is of course a fibular free flap. In designing an osteomyocutaneous fibula flap, poor planning, aberrant anatomy and/or inadequate perforator vessels are the most frequent causes of complications and may force the surgeon to modify the flap design, explore the contralateral leg or harvest an additional microvascular flap.

Clinical outcomes after resectoscopic treatment of cesarean-induced isthmocele: a prospective case-control study.

Objective: Isthmocele represents a reservoir on the anterior wall of the uterine isthmus or of the cervical canal at the site of a previous cesarean delivery scar. Recently, it has been clarified that it might be the cause of several gynecologic symptoms, as most common abnormal uterine bleeding. Hysteroscopy and trans-vaginal ultrasound are considered the gold standard for the diagnosis of this defect.

CpG location and methylation level are crucial factors for the early detection of oral squamous cell carcinoma in brushing samples using bisulfite sequencing of a 13-gene panel.

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is usually diagnosed at an advanced stage and is commonly preceded by oral premalignant lesions. The mortality rates have remained unchanged (50% within 5 years after diagnosis), and it is related to tobacco smoking and alcohol intake. Novel molecular markers for early diagnosis are urgently needed.