Post-exercise airway narrowing in healthy primary school children.

Changes in lung function after exercise in healthy primary school children have mostly been described in field studies. More complete description and insight into relevant mechanisms may be provided in lung function laboratory. The aim was to describe airway caliber and response to deep inhalation (DI) after exercise in healthy primary school children.

Lyotropic liquid crystal behaviour of azelate and succinate monoester surfactants based on fragrance alcohols.

Azelaic acid was used as a starting material for the preparation of new monoester surfactants based on fragrance alcohols. Sodium monocitronellyl azelate (citroC(9)Na) and sodium monomenthyl azelate (menC(9)Na) were synthesized and their aqueous phase behaviour was studied. For comparison, monoesters derived from succinic anhydride, i.

Paediatric sialendoscopy.

Purpose Of Review: Sialendoscopy is finding increasing application in the management of salivary-gland swellings as it provides a diagnostic method for the main salivary ducts coupled with a therapeutic tool. Many recent studies have emphasized the diagnostic and therapeutic advantages of this noninvasive technique. This review discusses both of these aspects of sialendoscopy and their development in the management of salivary-gland diseases.

Cost of radiofrequency ablation in the treatment of hepatic malignancies.

Objectives: Our primary objective was to assess the cost of radio-frequency ablation (RFA) of hepatic malignancies and to compare it to hospital reimbursement paid in the French Prospective Payment System (PPS).

Patients And Methods: A series of 305 patients were enrolled into a prospective study. All resources used during the RFA-related hospital stay were recorded.

[Laparoscopic surgery and robot].

Twenty years ago, laparoscopic surgery entirely changed the traditional style of surgical operations. However, it was difficult to perform some interventions, particularly in restricted space or if acts of reconstruction are necessary. It was necessary to develop new technologies such robotic surgery.

Radiofrequency driven cord occlusion for selective termination of pregnancy: evaluation in the fetal sheep.

Objective: This study was designed to assess the ability of an ultrasound-guided radiofrequency (RF)-driven procedure to induce complete and irreversible cord occlusion using a 90 days fetal sheep model.

Study Design: Twenty 90 days gestation sheep underwent general anesthesia. The first ten fetuses were exposed under hysterotomy, and RF electrode was inserted visually in the middle of the umbilical cord and deployed.

Airway response to induced muscular contraction in spontaneously breathing rabbits.

The airways are thought to dilate during exercise in humans but the time course and mechanisms of the response are not fully described. The aim of the study was to document changes in airway calibre during electrically induced muscular contractions (MC) in spontaneously breathing rabbits. Experiments were also performed after induced bronchoconstriction to assess the effect of change in breathing pattern on airway calibre during MC.

Emulsion stabilization and inversion using a pH- and temperature-sensitive amphiphilic copolymer.

We describe how a versatile amphiphilic diblock copolymer can form oil-in-water (o/w) or water-in-oil (w/o) emulsions depending on pH and temperature. At high pH and temperature, this copolymer is mostly hydrophobic and forms w/o emulsions. Its spontaneous curvature is greatly increased upon pH and/or temperature lowering (due to protonation and/or hydration, respectively), which allows the formation of o/w emulsions.

Pediatric salivary gland obstructive swelling: sialendoscopic approach.

Objective: To assess the efficacy of sialendoscopy as a diagnostic and interventional procedure for salivary ductal pathologies of children.

Design: Prospective case series study.

Setting: Tertiary care teaching hospitals.

Identification of bronchodilator responsiveness by forced oscillation admittance in children.

The upper airway wall motion may be responsible for significant error when measuring respiratory resistance (Rrs) with the forced oscillation technique (FOT), particularly in young children with airway obstruction. Assessing the response to methacholine from the change in respiratory admittance (Ars, the reciprocal of respiratory impedance, Zrs) avoids the artifact. The aim of the study was to explore the possibility of assessing the response to a bronchodilator from the change in Ars.

[ENT].

Our present choice of papers will cover various generalist aspects of our speciality. We will report on the importance of biofilms, the role of helicobacter in otitis media, de role of fungi in sinusal disease, or on the increase of MRSA in neck abscesses. Treatments of mycotic otitis and middle ear infection, sudden hearing loss, or acute ethmoiditis in children will be described.

Quality of life in patients with oesophageal and gastric cancer: an overview.

An accurate assessment of health-related quality of life (QoL) in patients with oesophageal or gastric cancer (OGC) is essential to inform clinical decisions by providing insights into patients' experiences of the impact of the disease and its treatments on physical, social and emotional health. Robust QoL questionnaires have been developed and validated in the past decade to measure the QoL of OGC patients. Baseline QoL variables are also prognostic for survival in patients with oesophageal cancer or metastatic gastric cancer.

[Alteration of bronchomotor tone after deep inhalation. Mechanisms and pediatric data].

There is significant alteration of airway calibre after deep inhalation (DI). An increase of airway calibre has been evidenced in children in case of mild asthmatic obstruction and after a positive response to methacholine or exercise challenge. Such an increase is blunted in the presence of a moderate to severe asthmatic airway obstruction and no bronchodilatory effect of DI has been found in infants.

[Functional anatomy of the lymphatic drainage of the breast: contribution of sentinel lymph node biopsy].

Objective: To make a development on the recent data of the literature concerning the functional anatomy of the lymphatic drainage of the breast, observed during interventions of sentinel lymph node biopsy; to compare the descriptive anatomy taking into consideration these new results.

Methods: The population of our descriptive anatomical study is made-up of five patients. All the patients underwent a radical mastectomy during which, an injection of 2 ml of patented blue, realized at the periareolar area allowed to observe the glandular lymphatic vessels.

From bone to plausible bipedal locomotion using inverse kinematics.

The purpose of this study is to validate a method based on anatomical data and biomechanical locomotor hypotheses that could be applied in palaeontology to simulate locomotion in fossil hominids. The main problem is to ensure that purely mathematical simulation, based on anatomical descriptions, is enough to test hypotheses on human motion control. A 3D geometric model of the lower limb was therefore processed from anatomical descriptions.

Ultrasound-guided radiofrequency-driven umbilical cord occlusion: an in-vitro study.

Objectives: To assess the ability and safety of radiofrequency (RF) to induce cord thermal lesions using in-vitro perfused umbilical cords.

Methods: Nineteen human term umbilical cords were cannulated at both ends and perfused continuously with saline serum in a saline serum bath (37 degrees C). The RF electrode was then inserted into the cord close to the umbilical vein.

Deep inhalation prevents the respiratory elastance response to methacholine in rats.

The bronchodilator effect of deep inhalation (DI) may be assessed from the time course of respiratory system resistance (Rrs) and reactance (Xrs) measured by the forced oscillation technique at a single frequency. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of DI in the closed chest rat. Under anesthesia and mechanical ventilation, seven Brown Norway rats were given regular DI (BN-di) and six underwent continuous tidal ventilation (BN) throughout an otherwise similar methacholine (Mch) challenge protocol.

[Questions in Ent].

Role of Helicobacter Pylori and nasopharyngeal bacteries in the pathogenesis of otitis media. Interest of Tonsillectomy in MRSA positive patients. Sleep apnea syndrome increases sudden death during night.

Estimation of the bronchodilatory effect of deep inhalation after a free run in children.

The bronchomotor effects of a deep inhalation (DI) may provide relevant information about the mechanisms of exercise-induced airway obstruction in children and may be assessed by respiratory conductance (Grs) measured using the forced oscillation technique. The aims of the present study were to assess the effect of DI on Grs after exercise in relationship to the lung function response to exercise. Grs at 12 Hz using a head generator and spirometric data were measured in 62 children suspected of asthma before and 5 min after a 6-min free run.