Towards real-time myocardial infarction diagnosis: a convergence of machine learning and ion-exchange membrane technologies leveraging miRNA signatures.

Rapid diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is crucial for optimal patient management. Accurate diagnosis and time of onset of an acute event can influence treatment plans, such as percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). PCI is most beneficial within 3 hours of AMI onset.

Administration of anti-HIV-1 broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibodies with increased affinity to Fcγ receptors during acute SHIV infection.

Anti-HIV-1 broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) have the dual potential of mediating virus neutralization and antiviral effector functions through their Fab and Fc domains, respectively. So far, bNAbs with enhanced Fc effector functions in vitro have only been tested in NHPs during chronic simian-HIV (SHIV) infection. Here, we investigate the effects of administering in acute SHIV infection either wild-type (WT) bNAbs or bNAbs carrying the S239D/I332E/A330L (DEL) mutation, which increases binding to FcγRs.

Activin A Is a Master Regulator of Phenotypic Switch in Adipose Stromal Cells Initiated by Activated Immune Cell-Secreted Interleukin-1β.

Prolonged tissue ischemia and inflammation lead to organ deterioration and are often accompanied by microvasculature rarefaction, fibrosis, and elevated systemic Activin A (ActA), the level of which frequently correlates with disease severity. Mesenchymal stromal cells are prevalent in the perivascular niche and are likely involved in tissue homeostasis and pathology. This study investigated the effects of inflammatory cells on modulation of phenotype of adipose mesenchymal stromal cells (ASC) and the role of ActA in this process.

Multidisciplinary Management Strategies for Long COVID: A Narrative Review.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused millions of infections to date and has led to a worldwide pandemic. Most patients had a complete recovery from the acute infection, however, a large number of the affected individuals experienced symptoms that persisted more than 3 months after diagnosis. These symptoms most commonly include fatigue, memory difficulties, brain fog, dyspnea, cough, and other less common ones such as headache, chest pain, paresthesias, mood changes, muscle pain, and weakness, skin rashes, and cardiac, endocrine, renal and hepatic manifestations.

Subcutaneous injection of adipose stromal cell-secretome improves renal function and reduces inflammation in established acute kidney injury.

Background: Adipose stromal cells (ASC) are a form of mesenchymal stromal cells that elicit effects primarily via secreted factors, which may have advantages for the treatment of injury or disease. Several previous studies have demonstrated a protective role for MSC/ASC on mitigating acute kidney injury but whether ASC derived factors could hasten recovery from established injury has not been evaluated.

Methods: We generated a concentrated secretome (CS) of human ASC under well-defined conditions and evaluated its ability to improve the recovery of renal function in a preclinical model of acute kidney injury (AKI) in rats.

Total Joint Arthroplasty Outcomes in Eligible Patients Versus Patients Who Failed to Meet at Least 1 Eligibility Criterion: A Single-Center Retrospective Analysis.

Background: This study looks to investigate how not meeting eligibility criteria affects postoperative outcomes following total joint arthroplasty surgery.

Methods: A retrospective review was conducted of total joint arthroplasty patients at a single academic institution. Demographics, laboratory values, and complications were recorded.

Leading beyond the Script: A Cross-Sectional Study Exploring Preparedness of Pharmacy Academic Administrators.

Limited research exists on the preparedness of pharmacy academic administrators for their roles. This cross-sectional survey aimed to explore the self-perceptions of pharmacy academic administrators, including deans, associate deans, assistant deans, department chairs, and directors, within United States-based Colleges or Schools of Pharmacy. Participants answered questions regarding their demographics, self-perceived readiness for administrative roles, self-perceived leadership skills, and strategies used to develop these skills.

Multilevel human secondary lymphoid immune system compartmentalization revealed by complementary imaging approaches.

Secondary human lymphoid tissue immune reactions take place in a highly coordinated environment with compartmentalization representing a fundamental feature of this organization. profiling methodologies are indispensable for the understanding of this compartmentalization. Here, we propose a complementary experimental approach aiming to reveal different aspects of this process.

Trispecific antibody targeting HIV-1 and T cells activates and eliminates latently-infected cells in HIV/SHIV infections.

Agents that can simultaneously activate latent HIV, increase immune activation and enhance the killing of latently-infected cells represent promising approaches for HIV cure. Here, we develop and evaluate a trispecific antibody (Ab), N6/αCD3-αCD28, that targets three independent proteins: (1) the HIV envelope via the broadly reactive CD4-binding site Ab, N6; (2) the T cell antigen CD3; and (3) the co-stimulatory molecule CD28. We find that the trispecific significantly increases antigen-specific T-cell activation and cytokine release in both CD4 and CD8 T cells.

Atomic-Resolution Mapping of Localized Phonon Modes at Grain Boundaries.

Phonon scattering at grain boundaries (GBs) is significant in controlling the nanoscale device thermal conductivity. However, GBs could also act as waveguides for selected modes. To measure localized GB phonon modes, milli-electron volt (meV) energy resolution is needed with subnanometer spatial resolution.

A randomized controlled trial to investigate the use of acute coronary syndrome therapy in patients hospitalized with COVID-19: the COVID-19 Acute Coronary Syndrome trial.

Background: Patients hospitalized with COVID-19 suffer thrombotic complications. Risk factors for poor outcomes are shared with coronary artery disease.

Objectives: To investigate the efficacy of an acute coronary syndrome regimen in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 and coronary disease risk factors.

Diminished vasculogenesis under inflammatory conditions is mediated by Activin A.

Severe inflammatory stress often leads to vessel rarefaction and fibrosis, resulting in limited tissue recovery. However, signaling pathways mediating these processes are not completely understood. Patients with ischemic and inflammatory conditions have increased systemic Activin A level, which frequently correlates with the severity of pathology.

Use of dexamethasone in acute rhabdomyolysis in deficiency.

Introduction: LPIN1 deficiency is an autosomal recessive form of early childhood recurrent severe rhabdomyolysis. Although not completely lucid yet, LPIN1 has been shown to modulate endosomal-related pro-inflammatory responses via peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) and PPARγ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α). Treatment with anti-inflammatory agents such as dexamethasone has been proposed to improve the outcome.

Notch Pathways Regulate Expression of Angiostatic Factor Activin A in Endothelial-Pericyte-Like Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Interactions.

Vascularization of ischemic and fabricated tissues is essential for successful tissue repair and replacement therapies. Endothelial cells (ECs) and mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) in close proximity spontaneously organize into vessels after coimplantation in semisolid matrices. Thus, local injection of EC mixed with MSC may facilitate tissue (re)vascularization.

Extracellular vesicles as personalized medicine.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are released from all cells in the body, forming an important intercellular communication network that contributes to health and disease. The contents of EVs are cell source-specific, inducing distinct signaling responses in recipient cells. The specificity of EVs and their accumulation in fluid spaces that are accessible for liquid biopsies make them highly attractive as potential biomarkers and therapies for disease.

Safety of early antiplatelet administration in patients with acute ischemic stroke treated with alteplase (SEAPT-24).

Objectives: Alteplase, a tissue-type plasminogen activator, is recommended for ischemic stroke patients presenting within 4.5 h. Due to bleeding risks, current guidelines advise delaying antiplatelet therapy for 24 h after alteplase.

Non-homologous use of adipose-derived cell and tissue therapies: Osteoarthritis as a case study.

Adipose tissue is widely recognized as an abundant and accessible human tissue that serves as a source of cells and extracellular matrix scaffolds for regenerative surgical applications. Increasingly, orthopedic surgeons are turning to adipose tissue as a resource in their treatment of osteoarthritis and related conditions. In the U.