A full review of online education resources available on antimicrobial stewardship for pet owners.

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant threat to both human and animal health. Educational resources aimed at pet owners raise awareness of AMR and promote antimicrobial stewardship (AMS).

Objectives: To review available AMS educational resources for pet owners conveying key messages and fostering responsible antibiotic use.

An abundant ginger compound furanodienone alleviates gut inflammation via the xenobiotic nuclear receptor PXR in mice.

The literature documenting the value of drug-like molecules found in natural products is vast. Although many dietary and herbal remedies have been found to be effective for treating intestinal inflammation, the identification of their active components has lagged behind. In this study, we find that a major ginger component, furanodienone (FDN), is a selective pregnane X receptor (PXR) ligand with agonistic transcriptional outcomes.

An evaluation of treatment response and remission definitions in adult obsessive-compulsive disorder: A systematic review and individual-patient data meta-analysis.

Introduction: Expert consensus operationalized treatment response and remission in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) as a Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) reduction ≥35% and score ≤12 with ≤2 on Clinical Global Impressions Improvement (CGI-I) and Severity (CGI-S) scales, respectively. However, there has been scant empirical evidence supporting these definitions.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review and an individual participant data meta-analysis of randomized-controlled trials (RCTs) in adults with OCD to determine optimal Y-BOCS thresholds for response and remission.

Impact of focus cue presentation on perceived realism of 3-D scene structure: Implications for scene perception and for display technology.

Stereoscopic imagery often aims to evoke three-dimensional (3-D) percepts that are accurate and realistic-looking. The "gap" between 3-D imagery and real scenes is small, but focus cues typically remain incorrect because images are displayed on a single focal plane. Research has concentrated on the resulting vergence-accommodation conflicts.

Role of endothelin ET receptors in the hypertension induced by the VEGFR-2 kinase inhibitors axitinib and lenvatinib in conscious freely-moving rats.

Receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (RTKIs) suppress tumour growth by targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) which is an important mediator of angiogenesis. Here, we demonstrate that two potent RTKIs, axitinib and lenvatinib, are associated with hypertensive side effects. Doppler flowmetry was used to evaluate regional haemodynamic profiles of axitinib and lenvatinib.

The Cost of Foodborne Illness and Its Sequelae in Australia Circa 2019.

Foodborne illnesses cause a significant health burden, with and norovirus the most common causes of illness and a common cause of hospitalization and occasional cause of death. Estimating the cost of illness can assist in quantifying this health burden, with pathogen-specific costs informing prioritization of interventions. We used a simulation-based approach to cost foodborne disease in Australia, capturing the cost of premature mortality, direct costs of nonfatal illness (including health care costs, medications, and tests), indirect costs of illness due to lost productivity, and costs associated with pain and suffering.

Engineering for diagnosis and management of hyperuricemia.

Uric acid disequilibrium is implicated in chronic hyperuricemia-related diseases. Long-term monitoring and lowering of serum uric acid levels may be crucial for diagnosis and effective management of these conditions. However, current strategies are not sufficient for accurate diagnosis and successful long-term management of hyperuricemia.

Put you in the problem: Effects of self-pronouns on mathematical problem-solving.

Self-cues such as personal pronouns are known to elicit processing biases, such as attention capture and prioritisation in working memory. This may impact the performance of tasks that have a high attentional load like mathematical problem-solving. Here, we compared the speed and accuracy with which children solved numerical problems that included either the self-cue "you," or a different character name.

Is word learning capacity restored after a daytime nap?

Sleep is thought to be involved in the consolidation of new memories encoded during the day, as proposed by complementary learning systems accounts of memory. Other theories suggest that sleep's role in memory is not restricted to consolidation. The synaptic homeostasis hypothesis proposes that new learning is implemented in the brain through strengthening synaptic connections, a biologically costly process that gradually saturates encoding capacity during wake.

Longitudinal Voice Outcomes and Neoglottic Function After Supracricoid Partial Laryngectomy: The Development of a New Scale.

Objectives: Supracricoid partial laryngectomy (SCPL) is an oncologically sound alternative to total laryngectomy that results in long-term alterations in vocal function. Little is known about long-term improvements in dysphonia and the mechanism of vocal recovery is unclear due to the lack of a standardized rating tool: The Pattern, Degree, and Vibration (PDV) Scale.

Methods: Data from 24 individuals were compared over 3 post-operative timepoints after SCPL: 3 to 11, 12 to 35, and over 35 months.

Harnessing gut cells for functional insulin production: Strategies and challenges.

Reprogrammed glucose-responsive, insulin + cells ("-like") exhibit the potential to bypass the hurdles of exogenous insulin delivery in treating diabetes mellitus. Current cell-based therapies-transcription factor regulation, biomolecule-mediated enteric signaling, and transgenics - have demonstrated the promise of reprogramming either mature or progenitor gut cells into surrogate "-like" cells. However, there are predominant challenges impeding the use of gut "-like" cells as clinical replacements for insulin therapy.

An Engineered Probiotic Produces a Type III Interferon IFNL1 and Reduces Inflammations in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Models.

The etiology of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) frequently results in the uncontrolled inflammation of intestinal epithelial linings and the local environment. Here, we hypothesized that interferon-driven immunomodulation could promote anti-inflammatory effects. To test this hypothesis, we engineered probiotic Nissle 1917 (EcN) to produce and secrete a type III interferon, interferon lambda 1 (IFNL1), in response to nitric oxide (NO), a well-known colorectal inflammation marker.

Analysis of the Predictive Capacity of the Clinical Variables That Indicate the Performance of Voiding Urosonography in the Study of Vesicoureteral Reflux in Children.

Introduction: Voiding urosonography (VUS) is a dynamic imaging technique which evaluates the lower urinary tract by introducing sonographic contrast into the bladder, preferably used in the diagnosis of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). Our goals were to describe the clinical indications for performing a VUS for VUR's diagnosis and analyse its diagnostic reliability.

Material And Methods: Cross-sectional study carried on patients under 15 years old with a VUS taken between November 2013-2020.

Metabolic targeting of NRF2 potentiates the efficacy of the TRAP1 inhibitor G-TPP through reduction of ROS detoxification in colorectal cancer.

Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated protein 1 (TRAP1) is a mitochondrial homolog of HSP90 chaperones. It plays an important role in protection against oxidative stress and apoptosis by regulating reactive oxidative species (ROS). To further elucidate the mechanistic role of TRAP1 in regulating tumor cell survival, we used gamitrinib-triphenylphosphonium (G-TPP) to inhibit TRAP1 signaling pathways in colon cancer.

Engineering probiotics to inhibit Clostridioides difficile infection by dynamic regulation of intestinal metabolism.

Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) results in significant morbidity and mortality in hospitalised patients. The pathogenesis of CDI is intrinsically related to the ability of C. difficile to shuffle between active vegetative cells and dormant endospores through the processes of germination and sporulation.

Monitoring haemodynamic changes in rodent models to better inform safety pharmacology: Novel insights from .

Animal models are essential for assessing cardiovascular responses to novel therapeutics. Cardiovascular safety liabilities represent a leading cause of drug attrition and better preclinical measurements are essential to predict drug-related toxicities. Presently, radiotelemetric approaches recording blood pressure are routinely used in preclinical haemodynamic assessments, providing valuable information on therapy-associated cardiovascular effects.