Adherence to 24-hour movement guidelines among rural Brazalian preschool children: associations with parenting practices.

Background: Young children residing in rural areas of low-and-middle income countries (LMICs) such as Brazil are at greater risk of obesity and related chronic health conditions. Yet, the extent to which rural preschool children from Brazil aged 3- to 6-years meet the World Health Organisation (WHO) 24-hour movement guidelines is unknown. Parents play a central role in the development of children's movement behaviors with logistic support, co-participation, modelling, and setting rules and limits recognized as influential parenting practices.

Parental Influences on Physical Activity and Screen Time among Preschool Children from Low-Income Families in Brazil.

Children from low-middle income countries (LMIC) are disproportionately affected by obesity, and low physical activity (PA) and high screen time (ST) are major contributors. Parents are key influencers on children's PA and ST, yet, no study has investigated relationships between parenting practices and children's PA and ST in LMIC families. This study examined parental influences on PA and ST among preschool-aged children from low-income families in Brazil.

Psychometric properties of instruments to measure parenting practices and children's movement behaviors in low-income families from Brazil.

Background: Childhood obesity has increased remarkably in low and middle-income (LMIC) countries. Movement behaviors (physical activity, screen time, and sleep) are crucial in the development of overweight and obesity in young children. Yet, few studies have investigated the relationship between children's movement behaviors and parenting practices because validated measures for use among families from LMIC are lacking.

Parental influences on screen time and weight status among preschool children from Brazil: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Little is known about the influence of parental attributes and parental screen time behaviours on pre-schooler's screen time and weight status in low-to-middle income countries. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between parental screen time, parental self-efficacy to limit screen time, child screen time and child BMI in preschool-aged children in Brazil.

Methods: Three hundred eighteen parent-child dyads from Caruaru, Brazil completed a survey measuring sociodemographic data, weekday and weekend screen time, and parental self-efficacy for limiting screen time.

IS THERE AN ASSOCIATION BETWEEN GLUCOCORTICOID USE AND FRACTURES? A COMPARATIVE STUDY IN A TRAUMA HOSPITAL.

Objective: To assess the association between traumatic fractures and glucocorticoids taken 12 months prior to a trauma, in children and adolescents seen at an emergency room.

Methods: A case-control study was conducted from April to October 2015, at a pediatric emergency hospital with patients aged 3- to 14 years-old, who had suffered physical trauma. Some of the patients had a fracture and some did not.

Association of atopic diseases and parvovirus B19 with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in childhood and adolescence in the northeast of Brazil.

Background: Several factors related to the immune system, such as a history of allergies and virus infections, may be associated with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The purpose of this study was to analyze whether the presence of atopic diseases and previous infection with parvovirus B19 and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) are associated with the development of ALL.

Methods: This case-control study was performed in two tertiary hospitals located in northeastern Brazil.

Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction diagnosis in asthmatic children: comparison of treadmill running and eucapnic voluntary hyperventilation challenges.

Background: Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) occurs in up to 90% of young people with asthma and can be diagnosed using serial measurements of forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) after standardized exercise, usually treadmill running (TR). Eucapnic voluntary hyperventilation (EVH) is a guideline-recommended alternative challenge for EIB diagnosis. The 2 methods have not been compared for EIB diagnosis in this population.

Leukocyte, red blood cell and morphological adaptation to moderate physical training in rats undernourished in the neonatal period.

Objective: To analyze the impact of moderate physical exercise on the total and differential leukocyte counts and red blood cell count of 36 sixty-day-old adult male Wistar rats subjected to early malnourishment.

Methods: The rats were divided in nourished (N - casein 17%) and malnourished groups (M - casein 8%) and thesegroups were then subdivided in trained (T) untrained (U) creating four groups NT, NU, MT and MU. The NT and MTgroups were submitted to moderate physical exercise using a treadmill (60 min/day, 5 days/week for 8 weeks).

Hematological and immunological effects of stress of air traffic controllers in northeastern Brazil.

Background: Several studies have shown that stress and emotional reactions can affect immune responses in animals and humans.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate hematological and immunological effects of stress on air traffic controllers.

Methods: Thirty air traffic controllers and 15 aeronautical information service operators were evaluated.

Headache precipitated by Valsalva maneuvers in patients with congenital Chiari I malformation.

The objective of this study was to characterize the headache precipitated by Valsalva maneuvers associated with Chiari type I malformation (CM-1). Nineteen patients were evaluated, with ages ranging from 30 to 75 years. Ten of them presented headache.

Effect of Mercurius solubilis on the bacteriological response in the alveolitis process in rats.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the bacteriological response in alveolitis in rats treated with the homeopathic medicine Merc solubilis (Merc sol.) 12 cH.

Methods: The study was randomized and observer blind.

Neonatal administration of fluoxetine did not alter the anxiety indicators, but decreased the locomotor activity in adult rats in the elevated plus-maze.

The objective of this study was evaluate the anxiety and locomotor activity (LA) in 52 Wistar adult male rats, being 26 treated with fluoxetine (10 mg/Kg - sc) in the neonatal period. These same rats received foot shock (FS) (1.6-mA - 2-s) in the 90th day.