Buffalo milk quality: a study of seasonal influence on composition and somatic cell count.

Despite buffalo milk being an important food worldwide, not much is known about factors that influence its quality on Brazilian buffalo milk farms. It ranks second in total volume of milk production, with cow milk in first place, but a lack of minimum legal parameters for buffalo milk is another problem faced by some countries, as it happens in Brazil where buffalo population represents less than one percent of dairy cows, even though Brazilian buffalo herd is one of the largest in Latin America, with a successful dairy processing chain. This study investigated the composition and somatic cell counts (SCC) of buffalo milk produced in a high-altitude tropical region in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, where buffalo calving naturally happens from February to May.

Profile of lactic acid bacteria (MALDI-TOF-MS) and physico-chemical and microbiological characteristics of the raw milk and fresh artisanal cheese from Serra Geral, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Artisanal cheese from Serra Geral, Minas Gerais, Brazil, stands out for its cultural asset and socio-economic relevance. However, standards of identity and quality and the peculiar terroir associated with the edaphoclimatic conditions have not been established. Therefore, the production flow diagram and the physico-chemical and microbiological quality of the raw milk, pingo (natural starter culture), production benches, water and fresh cheese were investigated for the first time.

Sanitization at different times after floor egg collection for hatchability, microbiological quality, and performance of broilers.

In this study, the effects of egg type and sanitization time on eggshell and yolk sac microbiological quality, hatchability, and broiler performance at 7 and 35 d of age were evaluated. A total of 3,440 eggs from a commercial flock Cobb500 were randomly assigned in a 2 × 2 factorial scheme, separated by the type of egg (clean nest or floor) and eggs sanitization at 30 or 120 min after collection, totaling 4 treatments. After hatching, 312 male chicks were randomly selected and distributed according to treatment.

Changes in bovine milk bacterial microbiome from healthy and subclinical mastitis affected animals of the Girolando, Gyr, Guzera, and Holstein breeds.

Raw milk samples were collected from 200 dairy cows belonging to Girolando 1/2, Gyr, Guzera, and Holstein breeds, and the bacterial diversity was explored using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. SCC analysis showed that 69 animals were classified as affected with subclinical mastitis. The milk bacterial microbiome was dominated by Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria, with an increase of Firmicutes in animals with subclinical mastitis and Proteobacteria in healthy animals.

Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Salmonella Isolates Recovered from Foods Linked to Human Salmonellosis Outbreaks in Minas Gerais State, Brazil.

Abstract: Salmonella is one of the primary pathogens that causes foodborne diseases worldwide. In the present study, we characterized Salmonella isolates recovered from foods linked to human salmonellosis outbreaks in Minas Gerais, Brazil, from 2003 to 2017. Serotype, antimicrobial susceptibility, presence of virulence genes, and genetic polymorphism as determined by repetitive element sequence-based PCR were determined for 70 Salmonella isolates.

Prospecting of potentially probiotic lactic acid bacteria from bovine mammary ecosystem: imminent partners from bacteriotherapy against bovine mastitis.

Mastitis is one of the most important causes of loss of cattle production, burdening producers due to the increased cost of milk production and decreased herd productivity. The development of alternative methods for the treatment and prevention of mastitis other than traditional chemical antibiotic therapy needs to be implemented to meet international pressures to reduce the use of these drugs and promote the elimination of multiresistant microbial strains from the environment. Treatment with probiotic bacteria or yeast strains offers a possible strategy for the control of mastitis.

Temporal and geographical comparison of bulk tank milk and water microbiota composition in Brazilian dairy farms.

This study investigated the relationship between the bacterial communities of bulk tank milk (BTM) and water used in Brazilian dairy farms. We also explored the association between BTM microbiota and its quality parameters (i.e.

Milk Fermented by Lactobacillus paracasei NCC 2461 (ST11) Modulates the Immune Response and Microbiota to Exert its Protective Effects Against Salmonella typhimurium Infection in Mice.

Probiotics form a promising strategy to maintain intestinal health. Milks fermented with probiotic strains, such as the Lactobacillus paracasei ST11, are largely commercialized in Brazil and form a low-cost alternative to probiotic pharmaceutical formulations. In this study, we assessed the probiotic effects of milk fermented by L.

Microbial shifts in Minas artisanal cheeses from the Serra do Salitre region of Minas Gerais, Brazil throughout ripening time.

The Minas artisanal cheese is a traditional product in its way of producing. Produced in the Minas Gerais state, Brazil, this cheese is made using raw cow's milk with the addition of an endogenous starter culture called "pingo", responsible for inoculating specific microorganisms that could enhance flavor and sensorial aspects. There are seven regions able to produce and commercialize this product - Araxá, Campo das Vertentes, Canastra Cerrado, Serra do Salitre, Serro and Triângulo Mineiro.

Density, abundance and extractive potential of the mangrove crab, Ucides cordatus (Linnaeus, 1763) (Brachyura, Ocypodidae): subsidies for fishery management.

Ucides cordatus is a relevant fishery resource of Brazilian mangroves and requires legal normative to sustainable use based on stock assessment and management. This study evaluated some population parameters (structure, density, abundance, fishery potential and stock) of this crab species in Brazil Southeast (São Paulo, State), discussing the use of the results to delineate fishery management strategies. Density was monthly evaluated (September 1998 to August 1999), using five sample quadrats of 2x2 m.

Plants of the Cerrado with antimicrobial effects against Staphylococcus spp. and Escherichia coli from cattle.

Background: Both diarrhea in calves and mastitis in cows limit cattle production. The bacteria involved in these diseases have shown multi-resistance to antimicrobials, however plant metabolites therefore can provide an alternative method of control. This study selected and characterized Cerrado plant extracts showing inhibitory effects against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus spp.

Short communication: Survival of Vaccinia virus in inoculated cheeses during 60-day ripening.

Bovine vaccinia is a neglected zoonosis caused by Vaccinia virus (VACV) and has a major economic and public health effect in Brazil. Previous studies showed infectious VACV particles in milk from either experimentally or naturally infected cows and in fresh cheeses prepared with experimentally contaminated milk. Ripening is a process that leads to major changes in the physical and chemical characteristics of cheese, reducing contamination by spoilage, pathogenic microorganisms, or both.

A preliminary assessment of metal bioaccumulation in the blue crab, Callinectes danae S., from the Sao Vicente Channel, Sao Paulo State, Brazil.

The concentrations of metals in tissues of Callinectes danae were evaluated, aiming to determine the bioaccumulation process of this species. Gills presented the highest mean concentrations for most metals, except for Hg ( View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Influence of intensive and extensive breeding on lactic acid bacteria isolated from Gallus gallus domesticus ceca.

In the present study, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from the cecum of chickens bred either under intensive (commercial broilers) or extensive (free-range) conditions were isolated, identified and some of their probiotic characteristics determined. The LAB identified by 16S-23S rRNA PCR-ARDRA were mainly of Lactobacillus species and to a lesser extent of Enterococcus spp. for all animals.

Genetic transformation of novel isolates of chicken Lactobacillus bearing probiotic features for expression of heterologous proteins: a tool to develop live oral vaccines.

Background: The use of lactic acid bacteria as vehicles to delivery antigens to immunize animals is a promising issue. When genetically modified, these bacteria can induce a specific local and systemic immune response against selected pathogens. Gastric acid and bile salts tolerance, production of antagonistic substances against pathogenic microorganisms, and adhesive ability to gut epithelium are other important characteristics that make these bacteria useful for oral immunization.

Effects of undernutrition on glycine metabolism in the cerebellum of rats.

Undernutrition is a worldwide problem affecting millions of unborn and young children during the most vulnerable stages of brain development. Total restriction of protein during the perinatal period of life can alter the development of the mammalian fetus and have marked repercussions on development of the central nervous system (CNS). The brain is vulnerable to undernutrition with altered morphologic and biochemical maturation, leading to impaired functions.