Aims: Although reduced life expectancy in Parkinson's Disease (PD) patients has been related to severe cardiac arrhythmias due to autonomic dysfunctions, its molecular mechanisms remain unclear. To investigate the role of cardiac β-Adrenergic (βAR) and A-Adenosine (AR) receptors in these dysfunctions, the pharmacological effects of stimulation of cardiac βAR (isoproterenol, ISO), in the absence and presence of cardiac βAR (atenolol, AT) or AR (1,3-dipropyl-8-cyclopentyl xanthine, DPCPX) blockade, on the arrhythmias induced by Ischemia/Reperfusion (CIR) in an animal PD model were studied.
Methods: PD was produced by dopaminergic lesions (confirmed by immunohistochemistry analysis) caused by the injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA, 6 μg) in rat striatum.
Aims: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of different periods of ovariectomy and 17beta-estradiol replacement on apoptotic cell death and expression of members of the Bcl-2 family in the rat hippocampus.
Main Methods: Hippocampi were obtained from rats in proestrus, ovariectomized (15 days, 21 days and 36 days), ovariectomized for 15 days and then treated with 17beta-estradiol for 7 or 21 days, and rats ovariectomized and immediately treated with 17beta-estradiol for 21 days. The expression of Bcl-2 and Bax and the number of apoptotic cells were determined.