Are there different gait profiles in patients with advanced knee osteoarthritis? A machine learning approach.

Background: Determine whether knee kinematics features analyzed using machine-learning algorithms can identify different gait profiles in knee OA patients.

Methods: 3D gait kinematic data were recorded from 42 patients (Kellgren-Lawrence stages III and IV) walking barefoot at individual maximal gait speed (0.98 ± 0.

The Role of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors in Patients With Heart Failure, Regardless of Diabetes Status: Focus on Cardiovascular Disease.

Objective: To provide clinical guidance and an overview of the available data on the use of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), regardless of the presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Data Sources: We searched the MEDLINE database via PubMed (from January 2015 to November 2020) for the following key terms: , and .

Study Selection And Data Extraction: To be included in the review, the articles needed to assess the effects of SGLT2 inhibitors in the heart failure (HF) scenario.

Intradialytic training in patients with end-stage renal disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials assessing the effects of five different training interventions.

Objective: Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing hemodialysis may have reduced dialysis adequacy (Kt/V), low cardiorespiratory fitness, and worse prognosis. Different types of intradialytic training (IDT) may serve as an adjunct therapy for the management of the ESRD. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the impact of different types of IDT on clinical outcomes and functional parameters in ESRD.

Biochemical and Molecular Mechanisms of Glucose Uptake Stimulated by Physical Exercise in Insulin Resistance State: Role of Inflammation.

Obesity associated with systemic inflammation induces insulin resistance (IR), with consequent chronic hyperglycemia. A series of reactions are involved in this process, including increased release of proinflammatory cytokines, and activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) receptors. Among the therapeutic tools available nowadays, physical exercise (PE) has a known hypoglycemic effect explained by complex molecular mechanisms, including an increase in insulin receptor phosphorylation, in AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity, in the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase (CaMKK) pathway, with subsequent activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α), Rac1, TBC1 domain family member 1 and 4 (TBC1D1 and TBC1D4), in addition to a variety of signaling molecules, such as GTPases, Rab and soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attached protein receptor (SNARE) proteins.

PCSK9 Inhibitors: Clinical Relevance, Molecular Mechanisms, and Safety in Clinical Practice.

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the leading causes of mortality. High circulating levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in the blood are associated with cardiovascular mortality, whether through an etiological role or through its association with the progression of CAD per se. Randomized clinical trials have shown that, when LDL levels are reduced, cardiovascular risk is also reduced, which reinforces this association.

Continuous production of flexible carbon nanotube-based transparent conductive films.

This work shows a simple, single-stage, scalable method for the continuous production of high-quality carbon nanotube-polymer transparent conductive films from carbon feedstock. Besides the ease of scalability, a particular advantage of this process is that the concentration of nanotubes in the films, and thus transparency and conductivity, can be adjusted by changing simple process parameters. Therefore, films can be readily prepared for any application desired, ranging from solar cells to flat panel displays.

Electromechanical actuation of macroscopic carbon nanotube structures: mats and aligned ribbons.

The electromechanical actuation of macroscopic carbon nanotube (CNT) structures, including single and multi walled CNT mats and aligned ribbons, is analyzed and compared. From experimental evidence, actuation due to quantum chemical and electrostatic effects can be distinguished. Their respective contribution to the total actuation depends on two key parameters, namely Young's modulus and charge density.

High-performance carbon nanotube fiber.

With their impressive individual properties, carbon nanotubes should form high-performance fibers. We explored the roles of nanotube length and structure, fiber density, and nanotube orientation in achieving optimum mechanical properties. We found that carbon nanotube fiber, spun directly and continuously from gas phase as an aerogel, combines high strength and high stiffness (axial elastic modulus), with an energy to breakage (toughness) considerably greater than that of any commercial high-strength fiber.

Mechanical properties of continuously spun fibers of carbon nanotubes.

We report on the mechanical properties of fibers consisting of pure carbon nanotube fibers directly spun from an aerogel formed during synthesis by chemical vapor deposition. The continuous withdrawal of product from the gas phase imparts a high commercial potential to the process, either for the production of particularly strong fibers or for the economic production of bulk quantities of carbon nanotubes. Tensile tests were performed on fibers produced from the dissociation of three different hydrocarbons, namely, ethanol, ethylene glycol, and hexane, with a range of iron (catalyst) concentrations.