[Strengthening leadership for educational management in the Americas: an action research strategyFortalecimento da liderança para a gestão educacional na Região das Américas: uma estratégia de pesquisa-ação].

The training of human resources for health (HRH) is a recurring concern. The Virtual Campus for Public Health (VCPH) - the educational platform of the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) - seeks to improve access to public health education, emphasizing leadership training for teams that plan, implement, and evaluate policies and educational initiatives.The objective of this work is to present the results of a consultation with experts on the virtual course "Leadership for Educational Management in Health Organizations", as part of a PAHO/VCPH strategy to strengthen leadership capacities for educational management in the Americas.

Microsurgical free flaps for skull base reconstruction following tumor resection: Available techniques and complications.

Introduction: Resection of malignant tumors located in the anterior and middle fossae of the skull base requires thorough anatomical knowledge, as well as experience regarding the possible reconstructive options to resolve the resulting defects. The anatomical and functional relevance of the region, the complexity of the defects requiring reconstruction and the potential complications that can occur, represent a true challenge for the surgical team. The goal of this study is to describe the microsurgical reconstructive techniques available, their usefulness and postoperative complications, in patients with malignant tumors involving the skull base.

Giant Cell Tumor of the Carotid Body: A Rare Tumor with Malignant Potential.

Introduction: Carotid body tumors (CBTs) are certainly unusual. They are vascular lesions originating from paraganglionic cells, located at the common carotid artery (CCA) bifurcation. They represent less than 0.

[Remote presentation of thesis and final postgraduate works during the COVID-19 pandemic. Are there advantages in the non-face-to-face presentations?].

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic limited in person presentation of final works and theses for the completion of specializations, masters and doctorates.

Objective: To describe the experience in remote presentations of summative essays and thesis.

Materials And Methods: A qualitative-quantitative cross-sectional study was carried out.

Recommendations regarding emergency head and neck procedures during coronavirus disease-2019.

The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) has spread globally and is considered a world health emergency. Healthcare professionals represent an important percentage of the infected population, with otolaryngologists and head and neck surgeons at particular risk. Elective procedures have been strongly discouraged, but urgent disorders still entail a hazardous setting.

Teaching strategies and outcomes in 3 different times of the COVID-19 pandemic through a dynamic assessment of medical skills and wellness of surgical trainees.

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic had a substantial impact on surgical training programs. This study describes the teaching strategies and outcomes in 3 different times of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic through a dynamic assessment of medical skills and well-being of trainees.

Methods: Three surveys were administered during 2020 to general surgery residents and fellows in a university hospital in Argentina.

Total Temporomandibular Joint Replacement and Simultaneous Orthognathic Surgery Using Computer-Assisted Surgery.

Background: Disorders of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) are frequent and are usually associated with other disorders of the facial skeleton. Surgery might be needed to correct TMJ anatomy and function and, in cases where pathologies coexist, a two-stage corrective surgery might be needed. However, the current fashion of single-stage procedures is feasible with the aid of new technologies such as computer-assisted surgery (CAS).

Staff senior versus staff junior en cirugía tiroidea. Supervisada: resultados y desafíos pedagógicos.

Objetivo: En el presente trabajo nos planteamos analizar cuál es la visión del cirujano supervisado que realiza una cirugía tiroidea acerca de qué y cómo se aprende en el ámbito del quirófano y cuáles son las características de este espacio de aprendizaje. Se analizaron las posibles diferencias respecto a la morbilidad posoperatoria del paciente cuando es tratado por un supervisor o un supervisado.

MÉtodo: Estudio observacional cualitativo-cuantitativo mediante un cuestionario sin opciones prefijadas, tanto a los supervisores como a los supervisados.

Head and neck sarcomas: treatment outcomes in a tertiary referral center in Argentina.

Purpose: To analyze the clinical findings, management, and results of oncological treatments and to identify prognostic factors in patients diagnosed with head and neck sarcoma.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis including 48 adult patients with primary head and neck sarcomas, treated between 2006 and 2018 in a referral center of Argentina.

Results: The median follow-up time was 44 months (range: 4-146 months).

Clear cell odontogenic carcinoma: a rare pathology with an innovative resolution.

Clear cell odontogenic carcinoma (CCOC) is an uncommon condition that has been considered malignant since 2005. The clinical presentation usually involves an asymptomatic swelling, which typically affects the anterior mandible in middle-aged women; it has neither clinical nor radiological defining features. Immunohistochemical analysis usually aids diagnosis, as clear cells are also associated with other clear cell carcinomas and benign tumors.

Tracheostomy in the intensive care unit: Guidelines during COVID-19 worldwide pandemic.

Purpose: COVID-19 has become a pandemic with significant consequences worldwide. About 3.2% of patients with COVID-19 will require intubation and invasive ventilation.

Challenges faced by chief residents: difficulties and achievements of this role in a community teaching hospital.

Introduction: The chief resident plays a strategic role in terms of leadership and cohesion among residents.

Objective: To characterize the activities developed by chief residents and identify their achievements and difficulties.

Methods: A survey about demographic outcome measures, activities performed, most and least gratifying situations, and training needs was completed.

Predictors of Survival After Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma in South America: The InterCHANGE Study.

Purpose: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) incidence is high in South America, where recent data on survival are sparse. We investigated the main predictors of HNSCC survival in Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay, and Colombia.

Methods: Sociodemographic and lifestyle information was obtained from standardized interviews, and clinicopathologic data were extracted from medical records and pathologic reports.

[Ectopic hyperparathyroidism. Detection of mediastinal localization].

The ectopic parathyroid tissue is a frequent cause of recurrent hyperparathyroidism (HPT), accounting 16% in primary HPT and 14% in secondary cases. Although intrathoracic ectopic glands represent 25-35% of all ectopic cases, only 2% requires thoracic surgery. The aim of this study is to report a case series of patients with ectopic mediastinal HPT treated by thoracic approach in a private institution in Argentina.

Use of parathormone as a predictor of hypoparathyroidism after total thyroidectomy.

Background: Post-operative hypoparathyroidism is the most frequent complication after total thyroidectomy. It represents one of the main causes of prolonged hospital-stay and is associated with a significant increase in health costs. The identification of patients with higher risk of suffering this complication allows early treatment, reduces clinical complications and adequate the use of health resources.

Treatment for postchemoradiotherapy hypopharyngeal stenosis: Pharyngoesophageal bypass using an anterolateral thigh flap-A case report.

Radiation-induced pharyngoesophageal stenosis is a frequent and unwanted consequence of nonsurgical treatment of hypopharyngeal carcinomas. Current treatment mainly includes endoscopic dilatations, but a poor response to this modality and/or a severe stenosis may lead to a radical resection (pharyngolaryngectomy) and reconstruction with tubed flaps, which allow oral feeding but fail to preserve speech. In this report, we present a case of radiation-induced hypopharyngeal stenosis treated with a pharyngoesophageal bypass using an anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap with the intention of preserving the larynx.

Role of the Mechanisms of Detection in the Increased Risk of Thyroid Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study in an HMO in Buenos Aires.

Background: Two hypotheses attempt to explain the increase of thyroid cancer (TC) incidence: overdetection by excessive diagnostic scrutiny and a true increase in new cases brought about by environmental factors. Changes in the mechanism of detection and the risk of incidentally diagnosed TC could result in an increase of TC incidence.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study.

Backward Planning a Craniomaxillofacial Trauma Curriculum for the Surgical Workforce in Low-Resource Settings.

Background: Trauma is a significant contributor to global disease, and low-income countries disproportionately shoulder this burden. Education and training are critical components in the effort to address the surgical workforce shortage. Educators can tailor training to a diverse background of health professionals in low-resource settings using competency-based curricula.

Reconstruction of Hind and Mid-Foot Defects after Melanoma Resection Using the Reverse Sural Flap: A Case Series.

 Melanoma resection creates important soft tissues defects, which are difficult to manage when located on the weight-bearing heel and mid foot. There is little evidence on the use of the reverse-flow sural flap for this type of reconstruction.  This study reports our case series on the reconstructive management of the hind and mid-foot defects after melanoma resection using the reverse sural artery flap.