Invasive thymoma in a child: a rare case report.

Thymomas are neoplasms of the anterior mediastinum and generally occur between the fourth and sixth decades of life. In children, they are rare, with few reported cases. We describe a 9-year-old boy with invasive thymoma treated successfully by surgery alone.

[Congenital lobar emphysema: study of a case].

Congenital Lobar Emphysema (CLE) is a rare malformation of lung development, which may be the cause of respiratory insufficiency in the suckling child. It is produced by the hyperinsufflation of one or more lung lobs with compression of the normal lung parenchyma and contralateral displacement of the mediastinum. Clinical diagnosis is confirmed by simple radiology exams.

[Spontaneous pneumomediastinum: asthma].

Pneumomediastinum is defined as the presence of free air in the mediastinum, and the spontaneous occurs in the absence of diseases or precipitating factors. It is rare in adults, and it is more frequent in newborns. However, it occurs more in young adults, with an 8:1 relationship between men and women.

Tracheoesophageal fistula after caustic ingestion.

Tracheoesophageal fistulas are uncommon and present diverse etiologies, among which is burning of the esophagus due to caustic ingestion. Herein, we report the case of a 27-year-old male patient having ingested a caustic substance 14 days prior and presenting burning retrosternal pain, weakness, productive cough with purulent sputum and dyspnea accompanied by hoarseness for the preceding 24 h. Endoscopy of the upper digestive tract revealed a tracheoesophageal fistula.

[Lung actinomycosis with chest wall involvement].

Actinomycosis is an uncommon suppurative granulomatous chronic infection that may involve several organs. Lung infection is usually related to immunodepression and poor oral hygiene. Cases of thoracic involvement are rare (10 - 20%) and only 12% of such cases affect the chest wall.

[Pulmonary schistosoma nodule simulating neoplasia: case report].

Healthy patient in which during ordinary examination a pulmonary schistosomotic nodule with an adult parasite, was detected 25 years far from endemic region and after specific treatment with oxamniquine. Clinically the nodule simulated neoplasia.