Quantitative Computed Tomography: What Clinical Questions Can it Answer in Chronic Lung Disease?

Quantitative computed tomography (QCT) has recently gained an important role in the functional assessment of chronic lung disease. Its capacity in diagnostic, staging, and prognostic evaluation in this setting is similar to that of traditional pulmonary function testing. Furthermore, it can demonstrate lung injury before the alteration of pulmonary function test parameters, and it enables the classification of disease phenotypes, contributing to the customization of therapy and performance of comparative studies without the intra- and inter-observer variation that occurs with qualitative analysis.

Appropriateness of Computed Tomography and Ultrasound for Abdominal Complaints in the Emergency Department.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the appropriateness of ultrasound (US) and computed tomography (CT) examinations ordered in the emergency department (ED) for abdominal complaints.

Materials And Methods: We reviewed 154 CTs and 154 US orders for appropriateness using evidence-based recommendations by the American College of Radiology. The sample was powered to show a prevalence of inappropriate orders of 25% with a margin of error of 7.

Comparison of the computed tomography findings in COVID-19 and other viral pneumonia in immunocompetent adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: To compare the chest computed tomography (CT) findings of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) to other non-COVID viral pneumonia.

Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases were searched through April 04, 2020, for published English language studies. Studies were eligible if they included immunocompetent patients with up to 14 days of viral pneumonia.

High resolution computed tomography patterns in interstitial lung disease (ILD): prevalence and prognosis.

Objective: To correlate the prevalence and prognosis of each HRCT pattern of typical, probable, and indeterminate usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) with the clinical multidisciplinary diagnosis of interstitial lung disease (ILD).

Methods: We included all patients with a multidisciplinary diagnosis of ILD with an HRCT pattern of typical UIP, probable UIP, or indeterminate for UIP. Clinical and histopathological data, pulmonary function tests, and survival status were retrospectively obtained.

Magnetic resonance imaging of interstitial lung diseases: A state-of-the-art review.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been emerging as an imaging modality to assess interstitial lung diseases (ILD). An optimal chest MRI protocol for ILDs should include non-contrast breath-holding sequences, steady-state free-precession sequences, and contrast-enhanced sequences. One of the main MRI applications in ILDs is the differentiation between areas of active inflammation (i.

Air trapping in usual interstitial pneumonia pattern at CT: prevalence and prognosis.

This study was conducted to evaluate the presence of air trapping in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and other interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) (non-IPF), showing the radiological pattern of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP). Retrospectively, we included 69 consecutive patients showing the typical UIP pattern on computed tomography (CT), and 15 final diagnosis of IPF with CT pattern "inconsistent with UIP" due to extensive air trapping. Air trapping at CT was assessed qualitatively by visual analysis and quantitatively by automated-software.

Quantitative computed tomography phenotypes, spirometric parameters, and episodes of exacerbation in heavy smokers: An analysis from South America.

Objective: To evaluate the quantitative computed tomography (QCT) phenotypes, airflow limitations, and exacerbation-like episodes in heavy smokers in Southern Brazil.

Methods: We enrolled 172 smokers with a smoking history ≥30 pack-years who underwent pulmonary function tests (PFTs) and CT scan for lung cancer screening. Patients were classified regarding airflow limitation (FEV1/FVC <0.