Moderate chronic sleep perturbation impairs glucose and lipid homeostasis in rats.

Study Objectives: Sleep deprivation is a potential risk factor for metabolic diseases, including obesity and type 2 diabetes. We evaluated the impacts of moderate chronic sleep deprivation on glucose and lipid homeostasis in adult rats.

Methods: Wistar rats (both sexes) were sleep-perturbed daily for 2 hours at the early (06:00-08:00) and the late light cycle (16:00-18:00) five days a week (except weekends) for 4 weeks.

The Transcriptomic Landscape of Age-Induced Changes in Human Visceral Fat and the Predicted Omentum-Liver Connectome in Males.

Aging causes alterations in body composition. Specifically, visceral fat mass increases with age and is associated with age-related diseases. The pathogenic potential of visceral fat accumulation has been associated with its anatomical location and metabolic activity.

A systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrating Klotho as an emerging exerkine.

Klotho is an anti-aging protein with several therapeutic roles in the pathophysiology of different organs, such as the skeletal muscle and kidneys. Available evidence suggests that exercise increases Klotho levels, regardless of the condition or intervention, shedding some light on this anti-aging protein as an emergent and promising exerkine. Development of a systematic review and meta-analysis in order to verify the role of different exercise training protocols on the levels of circulating soluble Klotho (S-Klotho) protein.

Exercise-Induced Circulating microRNAs: Potential Key Factors in the Control of Breast Cancer.

Losses in skeletal muscle mass, strength, and metabolic function are harmful in the pathophysiology of serious diseases, including breast cancer. Physical exercise training is an effective non-pharmacological strategy to improve health and quality of life in patients with breast cancer, mainly through positive effects on skeletal muscle mass, strength, and metabolic function. Emerging evidence has also highlighted the potential of exercise-induced crosstalk between skeletal muscle and cancer cells as one of the mechanisms controlling breast cancer progression.

Acute/Chronic Responses of Combined Training on Serum Pro-thermogenic/Anti-inflammatory Inducers and Its Relation With Fed and Fasting State in Overweight Type 2 Diabetic Individuals.

Concentrations of pro-thermogenic/anti-inflammatory inductors are influenced by fed/fasting, sedentary/trained states, and metabolic pattern. However, there is a lack of information on the interactions of these conditions, especially in humans. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the chronic and acute training responses as well as the fed/fasted states of serum pro-thermogenic/anti-inflammatory inducers in overweight type 2 diabetics individuals.

Prediction of SARS-CoV Interaction with Host Proteins during Lung Aging Reveals a Potential Role for TRIB3 in COVID-19.

COVID-19 is prevalent in the elderly. Old individuals are more likely to develop pneumonia and respiratory failure due to alveolar damage, suggesting that lung senescence may increase the susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and replication. Considering that human coronavirus (HCoVs; SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV) require host cellular factors for infection and replication, we analyzed Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) data to test whether lung aging is associated with transcriptional changes in human protein-coding genes that potentially interact with these viruses.

Diversity of polymyxin resistance mechanisms among Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates.

Polymyxins have become drugs of last resort for treatment of multi-drug resistant (MDR) Gram-negative infections. However, the mechanisms of resistance to this compound have not been completely elucidated. In this study, we evaluated the mechanisms of resistance to this antimicrobial in two A.

Increased bone loss and amount of osteoclasts in kinin B1 receptor knockout mice.

Aim: The pathophysiology of periodontal diseases involves aspects of immunity and bone remodelling. Considering the role of the kinin B1 receptor (Bdkrb1) in inflammation and healing, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the contribution of Bdkrb1 to the pathogenesis of periodontitis.

Material And Methods: We used a model of ligature-induced experimental periodontitis (LIEP) in mice lacking Bdkrb1 (Bdkrb1(-/-) ) to test the role of this receptor in bone loss and cytokine secretion by lymph nodes cells.

Genetically altered animals in the study of the metabolic functions of peptide hormone systems.

Purpose Of Review: Here we review the use of genetically altered animals to address the roles of peptide hormone systems in the modulation of energy homeostasis. Despite the disseminated use of transgenic techniques to establish the functional relevance of several peptide hormone systems, we focus on two multifunctional systems, the renin-angiotensin and the kallikrein-kinin systems. Initially, we explored the background information supporting the functional aspects of these systems, followed by novel knowledge obtained with the phenotypic characterization of genetically altered animals.

Leptin deficiency leads to the regulation of kinin receptors expression in mice.

Kinins are vasoactive and pro-inflammatory peptides generated by the cleavage of the kininogen by kallikreins. Two kinin receptors have been described and denominated B1 and B2. Obesity frequently accompanies other pathologies, such as diabetes and hypertention.