Does the evaluation of coagulation factors contribute to etiological diagnosis of pleural effusions?

Objective: The aim of this study was to identify the participation of the coagulation system in the differential diagnosis of pleural effusions.

Introduction: Imbalance between immunologic and metabolic factors triggers a sequence of events resulting in pleural reactions and accumulation of fluid. The coagulation system, which is fundamental for the maintenance of homeostasis, contributes to the inflammatory process responsible for pleural effusions, and participates in cellular proliferation and migration as well as in the synthesis of inflammatory mediators.

[Chylothorax].

Chylothorax, an uncommon cause of pleural effusion, is usually secondary to malignancy, trauma, congenital diseases, infections and superior vena cava thrombosis. The early diagnosis and treatment are important to prevent the most fearful consequence of chylothorax, the malnutrition with a compromised immunological status.